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Mir Docking Module
The ''Mir'' Docking Module, formally known as the Stykovochnyy Otsek (SO; ; designation: 316GK), was the sixth module of the Russian space station ''Mir'', launched in November 1995 aboard the . The module, built by Energia, was designed to help simplify space shuttle dockings to ''Mir'' during the Shuttle-''Mir'' program, preventing the need for the periodic relocation of the ''Kristall'' module necessary for dockings prior to the compartment's arrival. The module was also used to transport two new photovoltaic arrays to the station, as a mounting point for external experiments, and as a storage module when not in use for dockings. Development The docking module originated in the 1992 design version of the cancelled ''Mir''-2 space station, which featured a combined docking compartment and airlock to facilitate docking missions during the Soviet ''Buran'' space shuttle programme (this module, SO-1, was eventually incorporated into the Russian Orbital Segment of the Inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-74
STS-74 was the fourth mission of the US/Russian Shuttle–''Mir'' program, and the second docking of the Space Shuttle with '' Mir''. Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' lifted off from Kennedy Space Center launch pad 39A on 12 November 1995. The mission ended 8 days later with the landing of ''Atlantis'' back at Kennedy. It was the second in a series of seven straight missions to the station flown by ''Atlantis''. The shuttle delivered a pair of solar arrays along with the Russian-built Mir Docking Module to allow docking with the station by the space shuttle without moving ''Mirs '' Kristall'' module. During the three-day docking, the Russian, Canadian, and American crew transferred supplies and equipment between ''Atlantis'' and ''Mir'', moved several long-term experiments, and upgraded the station with new equipment, particularly during the installation of the docking module. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission background The crew's preparation for the mission had begun so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyappa Arm
The Lyappa (or Ljappa) arm, officially Automatic system of re-docking (), was a robotic arm used during the assembly of the Soviet/Russian space station ''Mir''. Each of the ''Kvant-2'', ''Kristall'', ''Spektr'' and ''Priroda'' modules was equipped with one of these arms, which, after the module had docked to the Mir Core Module's forward (or axial) port, grappled one of two fixtures positioned on the core module's hub module. The module's main docking probe was then retracted, and the arm raised the module so that it could be pivoted 90 degrees for docking to one of the four radial docking ports. Likewise the Prichal module will host the grapple fixtures for the redocking of future modules docked to it from one port to another using the Lyappa Arm attached to those modules, if needed. Both the Wentian and Mengtian modules of the Tiangong space station carry arms to enable them to manoeuvre around the docking hub of the ''Tianhe core module''. A mechanical arm dubbed the In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Priroda
The Priroda (; ) (TsM-I, 77KSI, 11F77I) module was the seventh and final module of the Mir Space Station. Its primary purpose was to conduct Earth resource experiments through remote sensing and to develop and verify remote sensing methods. The control system of Priroda was developed by the Khartron (Kharkov, Ukraine). Description Priroda was originally designed to carry a deployable solar array. However, due to delays, and the fact that solar arrays were planned for other parts of Mir, a solar array was not included in the launch configuration. Instead, during free flight, Priroda was powered by two redundant sets of batteries totaling 168. Priroda had an unpressurized instrument compartment and a habitable instrument/payload compartment. The unpressurized compartment contained propulsion system components, EVA handrails, and scientific equipment. The instrument/payload compartment was divided into two sections: an outer instrument section and an inner habitation and work comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir EO-21
Mir EO-21 was a long-duration mission aboard the Russian Space station ''Mir'', which occurred between February and September 1996. The crew consisted of two Russian cosmonauts, Commander Yuri Onufrienko and Yury Usachov, as well as American astronaut Shannon Lucid. Lucid arrived at the station about a month into the expedition, and left about a week following its conclusion; NASA refers to her mission as NASA-2. She was the second American to have a long-duration stay aboard Mir, the first being Norman Thagard, as a crew member of Mir EO-18; he stayed on the station for 111 days. Some sources refer to her mission as Mir NASA-1, claiming that she was the first American to have a long-duration stay aboard Mir. Crew Mission highlights Crew handover and Mir Cassiopee On 19 August 1996, the Soyuz TM-24 spacecraft docked with Mir's front port. It brought to the station two of the next long-duration crew, Valery Korzun and Aleksandr Kaleri. The following expedition, Mir EO-22 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States's civil list of government space agencies, space program, aeronautics research and outer space, space research. National Aeronautics and Space Act, Established in 1958, it succeeded the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) to give the American space development effort a distinct civilian orientation, emphasizing peaceful applications in space science. It has since led most of America's space exploration programs, including Project Mercury, Project Gemini, the 1968–1972 Apollo program missions, the Skylab space station, and the Space Shuttle. Currently, NASA supports the International Space Station (ISS) along with the Commercial Crew Program and oversees the development of the Orion (spacecraft), Orion spacecraft and the Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kvant-1
Kvant-1 (; English: Quantum-I/1) (37KE) was the first module to be attached in 1987 to the Mir Core Module, which formed the core of the Soviet space station ''Mir''. It remained attached to ''Mir'' until the entire space station was deorbited in 2001. The Kvant-1 module contained scientific instruments for astrophysical observations and materials science experiments. It was used to conduct research into the physics of active galaxies, quasars and neutron stars and it was uniquely positioned for studies of the Supernova SN 1987A. Furthermore, it supported biotechnology experiments in anti-viral preparations and fractions. Some additions to Kvant-1 during its lifetime were solar arrays and the ''Sofora'' and ''Rapana'' girders. The Kvant-1 module was based on the TKS spacecraft and was the first, experimental version of a planned series of '37K' type modules. The 37K modules featured a jettisonable TKS-E type propulsion module, also called the Functional Service Module (FSM). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-132
STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on May 16, 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 14, 2010. The primary payload was the Russian ''Rassvet'' Mini-Research Module, along with an Integrated Cargo Carrier-Vertical Light Deployable (ICC-VLD). ''Atlantis'' landed at the Kennedy Space Center on May 26, 2010. STS-132 was initially scheduled to be the final flight of ''Atlantis'', provided that the STS-335/STS-135 Launch On Need rescue mission would not be needed. However, in February 2011, NASA declared that the final mission of ''Atlantis'' and of the Space Shuttle program, STS-135, would be flown regardless of the funding situation. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission payload Mini-Research Module 1 (MRM 1) STS-132 carried the Russian ''Rassvet'' Mini-Research Module 1 to the International Space Station. ''Rassvet'' means "dawn" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rassvet (ISS Module)
''Rassvet '' (), also known as the ''Mini-Research Module 1'' (MRM 2, ) and formerly known as the Docking Cargo Module, is a component of the International Space Station (ISS). The module's design is similar to the Mir Docking Module launched on STS-74 in 1995. ''Rassvet'' is primarily used for cargo storage and as a docking port for visiting spacecraft. It was flown to the ISS aboard on the STS-132 mission on 14 May 2010, and was connected to the ISS on 18 May 2010. The hatch connecting ''Rassvet'' with the ISS was first opened on 20 May 2010. On 28 June 2010, the Soyuz TMA-19 spacecraft performed the first docking with the module. Details ''Rassvet'' was berthed to the nadir port of '' Zarya'' with help from the Canadarm2. ''Rassvet'' carried externally attached ( piggybacking) outfitting equipment for the future ''Nauka'' (Multipurpose Laboratory Module-Upgrade). That equipment included a spare elbow joint for the European Robotic Arm (ERA), an ERA portable work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science Power Platform
The Science Power Platform (SPP; , ''Sci-Energy Platform'', also known by Russian initialism NEP) was a planned Russian element of the International Space Station (ISS) that was intended to be delivered to the ISS by a Russian Proton rocket or Zenit rocket (it was originally designed to be part of Mir-2) but was shifted to launch by Space Shuttle as part as a tradeoff agreement on other parts of the ISS. History It would have provided additional power for the ISS as well as roll axis control capability for the orbital facility. If the Science Power Platform had been delivered to the ISS, it would have been attached to the zenith port of ''Zvezda'', a position currently occupied by ''Poisk''. The SPP would have had eight solar arrays and a robotic arm provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) dedicated to maintaining the SPP. The SPP's robotic arm ( European Robotic Arm) was still added and is currently a part of the station, and launched together with the Russian ''Nauka'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-71
As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Shuttle delivered a relief crew of two cosmonauts Anatoly Solovyev and Nikolai Budarin to the station and recovered Increment astronaut Norman Thagard. ''Atlantis'' returned to Earth on July 7 with a crew of eight. It was the first of seven straight missions to ''Mir'' flown by ''Atlantis'', and the second Shuttle mission to land with an eight-person crew after STS-61-A in 1985. For the five days the Shuttle was docked to ''Mir'' they were the largest spacecraft in orbit at the time. STS-71 marked the first docking of a Space Shuttle to a space station, the first time a Shuttle crew switched members with the crew of a station, and the 100th crewed space launch by the United States. The mission ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kennedy Space Center
The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center), located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of the NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) ten NASA facilities#List of field centers, field centers. Since 1968, KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of American spaceflight, research, and technology. Launch operations for the Apollo Program, Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle Program, Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and operate facilities on each other's property. Though the first Apollo flights and all Project Mercury and Project Gemini flights took off from the then-Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, the launches were managed by KSC and its previous organization, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Space Station Processing Facility
The Space Systems Processing Facility (SSPF), originally the Space Station Processing Facility, is a three-story industrial building at Kennedy Space Center for the Manufacturing of the International Space Station, manufacture and Process manufacturing, processing of flight hardware, modules, structural components and solar arrays of the International Space Station, and future space stations and commercial spacecraft. It was built in 1992 at the space complex's industrial area, just east of the Operations and Checkout Building. The SSPF includes two processing bays, an airlock, operational control rooms, laboratories, logistics areas for equipment and machines, office space, a ballroom and conference halls, and a cafeteria. The processing areas, airlock, and laboratories are designed to support non-hazardous Space Station and Space Shuttle payloads in Cleanroom, 100,000 class clean work areas. The building has a total floor area of . History and construction During the re-desig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
