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Minolta Rokkor
Rokkor was a brand name used for all Chiyoda Kōgaku Seikō and later Minolta lenses between 1940 and 1980, including a few which were marketed and sold by other companies like Leica. The name was derived from the name of Rokkō (六甲山), a high mountain, which could be seen from the company's glass-making and optics factory at Mukogawa near Osaka, Japan. The company's founder wanted the name to symbolize the high quality in optics. Overview The first lens to carry the Rokkor designation was a 200mm 4.5 lens that came with the hand-holdable aerial camera Chiyoda SK-100 in 1940. After the Rokkor name was dropped and no longer engraved in new lenses after 1980/1981, the Rokkor name resurfaced two times. As was revealed not before 2006, the Rokkor name was still used internally for prototypes of a never released SR-mount '' Minolta MD Apo Tele Rokkor 300mm 2.8'' manual-focus lens in the early 1980s, a lens design, which later saw life as the A-mount '' Minolta AF Apo Tele ...
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Minolta Rokkor Teleobjektive
was a Japanese manufacturer of cameras, lenses, camera accessories, photocopiers, fax machines, and laser printers. Minolta Co., Ltd., which is also known simply as Minolta, was founded in Osaka, Japan, in 1928 as . It made the first integrated autofocus 35 mm SLR camera system. In 1931, the company adopted its final name, an acronym for "Mechanism, Instruments, Optics, and Lenses by Tashima". In 2003, Minolta merged with Konica to form Konica Minolta. On 19 January 2006, Konica Minolta announced that it was leaving the camera and photo business, and that it would sell a portion of its Single-lens reflex camera, SLR camera business to Sony as part of its move to pull completely out of the business of selling cameras and photographic film. History Milestones *1928: establishes Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shōten ("Japanese-German photo company," the precursor of Minolta Co., Ltd.). *1929: Marketed the company's first camera, the "Nifcarette" (ニフカレッテ). *1937: The Mi ...
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Sony
is a Japanese multinational conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at Sony City in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. The Sony Group encompasses various businesses, including Sony Corporation (electronics), Sony Semiconductor Solutions (imaging and sensing), Sony Entertainment (including Sony Pictures and Sony Music Group), Sony Interactive Entertainment (video games), Sony Financial Group, and others. Sony was founded in 1946 as by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita. In 1958, the company adopted the name Initially an electronics firm, it gained early recognition for products such as the TR-55 transistor radio and the CV-2000 home video tape recorder, contributing significantly to Japan's Japanese economic miracle, post-war economic recovery. After Ibuka's retirement in the 1970s, Morita served as chairman until 1994, overseeing Sony's rise as a global brand recognized for innovation in consumer electronics. Landmark products included the Trinitron color television, the Walkma ...
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Color Enlarger
An enlarger is a specialized transparency projector used to produce photographic prints from film or glass negatives, or from transparencies. Construction All enlargers consist of a light source, normally an incandescent light bulb shining though a condenser or translucent screen to provide even illumination, a holder for the negative or transparency, and a specialized lens for projection, though some, such as the Rapid Rectilinear or Aplanat could be used in both camera and enlarger. Enlarger lenses, like the dialyte construction, are generally symmetrical in design or nearly so, optimised for sharp focus at 2x to 10x magnification. The light passes through a film holder, which holds the exposed and developed photographic negative or transparency. Prints made with an enlarger are called ''enlargements''. Typically, enlargers are used in a darkroom, an enclosed space from which extraneous light may be excluded; some commercial enlargers have an integral dark box so that they ...
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Enlarger
An enlarger is a specialized transparency Image projector, projector used to produce Photography, photographic prints from film or glass Negative (photography), negatives, or from reversal film, transparencies. Construction All enlargers consist of a light source, normally an incandescent light bulb shining though a condenser (optics), condenser or translucent screen to provide even illumination, a holder for the negative or transparency, and a specialized lens for projection, though some, such as the Rapid Rectilinear or Aplanat could be used in both camera and enlarger. Enlarger lenses, like the Dialyte lens, dialyte construction, are generally symmetrical in design or nearly so, optimised for sharp focus at 2x to 10x magnification. The light passes through a Photographic film, film holder, which holds the exposed and Film developing, developed photographic negative or transparency. Prints made with an enlarger are called ''enlargements''. Typically, enlargers are used in a dar ...
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Minolta α
The Minolta A-mount camera system was a line of photographic equipment from Minolta introduced in 1985 with the world's first integrated autofocus system in the camera body with interchangeable lenses. The system used a lens mount called A-mount, with a flange focal distance 44.50 mm, one millimeter longer, 43.5 mm, than the previous SR mount from 1958. The new mount was wider, 49.7 mm vs. 44.97 mm, than the older SR-mount and due to the longer flange focal distance, old manual lenses were incompatible with the new system. Minolta bought the autofocus technology of Leica Correfot camera which was partly used on the a-mount autofocus technology. The mount is now used by Sony, who bought the SLR camera division from Konica Minolta, Konica and Minolta having merged a few years before. The Minolta A-mount system was at first marketed as Maxxum in North America and α (Alpha) in Japan and the rest of Asia. In Europe, early Minolta A-mount cameras were initially ...
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AF (Minolta Lens Designation)
Minolta and its successor Konica Minolta released the following lenses for Minolta A-mount cameras between 1985 and 2006. History While most auto-focus lens designs were new developments, some optical constructions were derived from Minolta SR-mount List of Minolta SR-mount lenses, lenses. In the United States, the Maxxum system launched in 1985 with twelve lenses: * 24mm  * 28mm  * 50mm  * 50mm  * 50mm  Macro * 135mm  * 300mm  APO * 28–85mm  * 28–135mm  * 35–70mm  * 35–105mm  * 70–210mm  When the second camera, the 9000, was launched later in 1985, two more lenses were added: the 75–300 mm and 600 mm APO. By 1986, Minolta had expanded the lineup by releasing 16 mm fisheye, 20 mm , 28 mm , 100 mm Macro, 200 mm , and 100–200 mm lenses. Restyled ("i" series) Initially, the lenses were equipped with narrow ribbed manual focus rings in hard plastic near the front ...
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Minolta Maxxum
The Minolta A-mount camera system was a line of photographic equipment from Minolta introduced in 1985 with the world's first integrated autofocus system in the camera body with interchangeable lenses. The system used a lens mount called A-mount, with a flange focal distance 44.50 mm, one millimeter longer, 43.5 mm, than the previous SR mount from 1958. The new mount was wider, 49.7 mm vs. 44.97 mm, than the older SR-mount and due to the longer flange focal distance, old manual lenses were incompatible with the new system. Minolta bought the autofocus technology of Leica Correfot camera which was partly used on the a-mount autofocus technology. The mount is now used by Sony, who bought the SLR camera division from Konica Minolta, Konica and Minolta having merged a few years before. The Minolta A-mount system was at first marketed as Maxxum in North America and α (Alpha) in Japan and the rest of Asia. In Europe, early Minolta A-mount cameras were initially ...
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Maxxum AF (Minolta Lens Designation)
Minolta and its successor Konica Minolta released the following lenses for Minolta A-mount cameras between 1985 and 2006. History While most auto-focus lens designs were new developments, some optical constructions were derived from Minolta SR-mount lenses. In the United States, the Maxxum system launched in 1985 with twelve lenses: * 24mm  * 28mm  * 50mm  * 50mm  * 50mm  Macro * 135mm  * 300mm  APO * 28–85mm  * 28–135mm  * 35–70mm  * 35–105mm  * 70–210mm  When the second camera, the 9000, was launched later in 1985, two more lenses were added: the 75–300 mm and 600 mm APO. By 1986, Minolta had expanded the lineup by releasing 16 mm fisheye, 20 mm , 28 mm , 100 mm Macro, 200 mm , and 100–200 mm lenses. Restyled ("i" series) Initially, the lenses were equipped with narrow ribbed manual focus rings in hard plastic near the front; most lenses had a diagonally-ri ...
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IUPAC Numerical Multiplier
The numerical multiplier (or multiplying affix) in IUPAC nomenclature indicates how many particular atoms or functional groups are attached at a particular point in a molecule. The affixes are derived from both Latin and Greek. Compound affixes The prefixes are given from the least significant decimal digit up: units, then tens, then hundreds, then thousands. For example: :548 → octa- (8) + tetraconta- (40) + pentacta- (500) = ''octatetracontapentacta-'' :9267 → hepta- (7) + hexaconta- (60) + dicta- (200) + nonalia- (9000) = ''heptahexacontadictanonalia-'' The numeral one While the use of the affix ''mono-'' is rarely necessary in organic chemistry, it is often essential in inorganic chemistry to avoid ambiguity: carbon oxide could refer to either ''carbon monoxide'' or ''carbon dioxide''. In forming compound affixes, the numeral one is represented by the term ''hen-'' except when it forms part of the number eleven (''undeca-''): hence :241 → hen- (1) + tetraconta- (40 ...
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Latin Numerals
The Latin numerals are the words used to denote numbers within the Latin language. They are essentially based on their Proto-Indo-European ancestors, and the Latin cardinal numbers are largely sustained in the Romance languages. In Antiquity and during the Middle Ages they were usually represented by Roman numerals in writing. Latin numeral roots are used frequently in modern English, particularly in the names of large numbers. Overview The Latin language had several sets of number words used for various purposes. Some of those sets are shown in the tables below. Cardinal numerals The cardinal numerals are the ordinary numbers used for counting ordinary nouns ('one', 'two', 'three' and so on): The conjunction between numerals can be omitted: . is not used when there are more than two words in a compound numeral: . The word order in the numerals from 21 to 99 may be inverted: . Numbers ending in 8 or 9 are usually named in subtractive manner: . Numbers may either precede ...
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Rokinon
Samyang Optics is a South Korean manufacturer of camera lenses for several major brands of third-party Lens mount, mounts for still photography and video cameras. The company was founded in 1972 and has about 150 employees. Samyang exports to 58 countries through 39 overseas agents and distributors. In July 2023, Samyang joined the L-Mount Alliance. On March 28, 2024, "Samyang Optics" officially changed its name to "LK Samyang Co., Ltd". "LK" stands for "Leading Korea". Samyang products are also sold under a wide variety of different brand names. Some examples are Rokinon, Bower, Opteka, Vivitar, Phoenix and Quantaray. Products Autofocus lenses Autofocus lenses: For Canon EF Mount: * AF 14 mm 2.8 EF * AF 85 mm 1.4 EF For Canon RF Mount: * AF 12 mm /2 RF-S * AF 14 mm 2.8 RF * AF 85 mm 1.4 RF For Sony E-Mount: * Samyang Optics / Rokinon AF 14 mm f/2.8 FE, AF 14 mm 2.8 FE * AF 18 mm 2.8 FE * AF 24 mm 2.8 FE * AF 35 mm 1.4 ...
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