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Mineyama Domain (Tango)
250px, Kyōgoku clan cemetery at Joritsu-ji in Kyōtango was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tango Province in what is now the northern portion of modern-day Kyoto Prefecture. It was centered around the Mineyama ''jin'ya'' which was located in what is now the city of Kyōtango and was controlled by a cadet branch ''tozama daimyō'' Kyōgoku clan throughout all of its history. History Following the Battle of Sekigahara, Kyōgoku Takatomo was awarded the entire province of Tango and established Miyazu Domain. His grandson, Kyōgoku Takamichi received a 3000 '' koku'' ''hatamoto'' holding from Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada in 1616 and inherited the Mineyama region with a ''kokudaka'' of 10,000 ''koku'' from his grandfather in 1623. Miyazu Domain was abolished by attainder in 1666 and its cadet house at Tango-Tanabe Domain was transferred to Toyooka Domain in 1668, leaving only the minor Mineyama Domain in Kyōgoku hands in the province ...
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Han System
( ja, 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Han"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 283. or (daimyo domain) served as a system of ''de facto'' administrative divisions of Japan alongside the ''de jure'' provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s. History Pre-Edo period The concept of originated as the personal estates of prominent warriors after the rise of the Kamakura Shogunate in 1185, which also saw the rise of feudalism and the samurai noble warrior class in Japan. This situation existed for 400 years during the Kamakura Shogunate (1185–1333), the brief Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336), and the Ashikaga Shogunate (1336–1573). became increasingly important as ''de facto'' administrative divisions as subsequent Shoguns stripped the Imperial provinces () and their officials of their legal powers. Edo period Toyotomi Hideyoshi ...
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Hatamoto
A was a high ranking samurai in the direct service of the Tokugawa shogunate of feudal Japan. While all three of the shogunates in Japanese history had official retainers, in the two preceding ones, they were referred to as ''gokenin.'' However, in the Edo period, ''hatamoto'' were the upper vassals of the Tokugawa house, and the ''gokenin'' were the lower vassals. There was no precise difference between the two in terms of income level, but a hatamoto had the right to an audience with the ''shōgun'', whereas gokenin did not.Ogawa, p. 43. The word ''hatamoto'' literally means "origin of the flag", with the sense of 'around the flag', it is described in Japanese as 'those who guard the flag' (on the battlefield) and is often translated into English as "bannerman". Another term for the Edo-era ''hatamoto'' was , sometimes rendered as "direct shogunal ''hatamoto''", which serves to illustrate the difference between them and the preceding generation of ''hatamoto'' who served var ...
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Onihei Hankachō
is a series of historical novels written by Japanese author Shōtarō Ikenami. Following the character Heizo Hasegawa in the Edo period of Japan, Ikegami wrote the first story for the December 1967 issue of the light novel magazine ' published by Bungeishunjū. It was well-received and began serialization in January 1968. Ikenami wrote 19 books in the main series before he died in 1990. As of 2021, the series had 30 million copies in circulation. ''Onihei Hankachō'' was also adapted into TV programs, a manga series, live-action films and theater productions. An anime television adaption aired in 2017. Story The title character is Heizo Hasegawa, a historical person who was a Hitsuke Tōzoku Aratamekata Chōkan ( Superintendent General of the investigation agency specialized in theft and armed robbery and arson). He started as a chartered libertine before succeeding his father as his heir and being appointed the head of the special police who had jurisdiction over arson-robberie ...
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Wakadoshiyori
The ', or "Junior Elders", were high government officials in the Edo period Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate (1603-1867). The position was established around 1633, but appointments were irregular until 1662. The four to six ''wakadoshiyori'' were subordinates to the ''rōjū'' in status, but they ranked above the ''jisha-bugyō''. The served for a month at a time on a rotating basis and were selected from the ranks of the ''fudai daimyō''. There were periods when the number of ''wakadoshiyori'' rose to 6 or 7 at one time.Beasley, William G. (1955). ''Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868'', p. 330. The ''wakadoshiyori'' were tasked with supervising the direct vassals of the ''shōgun'', namely the ''hatamoto'' and ''gokenin'' using reports provided by the '' metsuke''. They also oversaw the activities of artisans and physicians, organised and supervised public works projects and were in change of the ''shōgun's'' personal guards. In the event of war, the ...
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Kyoto
Kyoto (; Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. Located in the Kansai region on the island of Honshu, Kyoto forms a part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kobe. , the city had a population of 1.46 million. The city is the cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater Kyoto, a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) home to a census-estimated 3.8 million people. Kyoto is one of the oldest municipalities in Japan, having been chosen in 794 as the new seat of Japan's imperial court by Emperor Kanmu. The original city, named Heian-kyō, was arranged in accordance with traditional Chinese feng shui following the model of the ancient Chinese capital of Chang'an/ Luoyang. The emperors of Japan ruled from Kyoto in the following eleven centuries until 1869. It was the scene of several key events of the Muromachi period, Sengoku period, and the Boshin War, such as the Ōnin War, ...
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Nishijin
is a district in Kyoto spanning from Kamigyō ward to Kita ward. Though it is well-known as a district, there is no administractive area called "Nishijin".(jaWhat is Nishijin?/ref> Nishijin is notable for its textile production, and is the birthplace of , a high-quality, well-known silk brocade fabric, woven with colourful silk yarn and gilt or silver paper strips. History In Kyoto, the textile production industry has existed since the 5th century, and it is said that weaving craftsmen gathered in Kuromon Kamichōja-machi (located around the southernmost portion of the modern Nishijin district) in the Heian period. (jaOrigin of NishijinNishijin Website In the latter half of the Heian period, the textiles called and were produced, and unique, thick and heavy textiles were used for the decoratios of temples and shrines. The name ''Nishijin'' derives from Yamana Sōzen, a who fought in the Ōnin War The , also known as the Upheaval of Ōnin and Ōnin-Bunmei war, was a ci ...
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Crêpe (textile)
Crêpe, also spelled crepe or crape (from the French ) is a silk, wool, or synthetic fiber fabric with a distinctively crisp and crimped appearance. The term "crape" typically refers to a form of the fabric associated specifically with mourning Mourning is the expression of an experience that is the consequence of an event in life involving loss, causing grief, occurring as a result of someone's death, specifically someone who was loved although loss from death is not exclusively .... Crêpe was also historically called "crespe" or "crisp".Taylor, pp. 246-253 It is woven of hard-spun yarn, originally silk "in the gum" (silk from which the sericin had not been removed). There traditionally have been two distinct varieties of the crêpe: soft, Canton or Oriental crêpe, and hard or crisped crêpe. Types A B C ...
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Daimyō
were powerful Japanese magnates, feudal lords who, from the 10th century to the early Meiji period in the middle 19th century, ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. They were subordinate to the shogun and nominally to the emperor and the '' kuge''. In the term, means 'large', and stands for , meaning 'private land'. From the '' shugo'' of the Muromachi period through the Sengoku to the ''daimyo'' of the Edo period, the rank had a long and varied history. The backgrounds of ''daimyo'' also varied considerably; while some ''daimyo'' clans, notably the Mōri, Shimazu and Hosokawa, were cadet branches of the Imperial family or were descended from the ''kuge'', other ''daimyo'' were promoted from the ranks of the samurai, notably during the Edo period. ''Daimyo'' often hired samurai to guard their land, and they paid the samurai in land or food as relatively few could afford to pay samurai in money. The ''daimyo'' era ended soon after the Meiji R ...
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Toyooka Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tajima Province in what is now the northern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture. It was centered initially around Toyooka Castle, and later at Toyooka ''jin'ya'', which were located in what is now the city of Toyooka, Hyōgo. History From the Muromachi period, Tajima Province had been under the control of the Yamana clan. However, in the Sengoku period, the area was conquered by Oda Nobunaga. Following the Battle of Sekigahara, Tokugawa Ieyasu created Toyooka Domain as a fief for Sugihara Nagafusa. Sugihara had fought on the Western (losing) side, but he was married to a daughter of Asano Nagamasa, so he escaped any punishment, but was instead rewarded with a 20,000 '' koku'' holding. In 1611, he even managed to expand his holdings to 25,000 ''koku'' with additional estates in Hitachi Province. However, in 1644 his son Sugihara Shigenaga died without an heir. A nephew, Sugihara Shigeharu ...
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Tango-Tanabe Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tango Province in what is now the northern portion of modern-day Kyoto Prefecture. It was centered around Tanabe Castle, also known as Maizuru Castle which was located in what is now the city of Maizuru, Kyoto. The area of Tango-Tanabe Domain covered the entire area of Kasa County, and corresponds to the current area of the city of Maizuru, and parts of Yura, Miyazu, and Fukuchiyama. History From the Muromachi period, Tango Province had been under the control of the Isshiki clan. However, in the Sengoku period, Toyotomi Hideyoshi placed the province under the control of Hosokawa Tadaoki. Following the Following the Battle of Sekigahara, Tokugawa Ieyasu awarded the entire province of Tango to Kyōgoku Takatomo, who established Miyazu Domain. To ensure the succession of his line, Kyōgoku Takatomo gave 35,000 ''koku'' of his holdings to his third son, Kyōgoku Takamitsu, and established a cadet ...
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Attainder
In English criminal law, attainder or attinctura was the metaphorical "stain" or "corruption of blood" which arose from being condemned for a serious capital crime (felony or treason). It entailed losing not only one's life, property and hereditary titles, but typically also the right to pass them on to one's heirs. Both men and women condemned of capital crimes could be attainted. Attainder by confession resulted from a guilty plea at the bar before judges or before the coroner in sanctuary. Attainder by verdict resulted from conviction by jury. Attainder by process resulted from a legislative act outlawing a fugitive. The last form is obsolete in England (and prohibited in the United States), and the other forms have been abolished. Middle Ages and Renaissance Medieval and Renaissance English monarchs used acts of attainder to deprive nobles of their lands and often their lives. Once attainted, the descendants of the noble could no longer inherit his lands or income. Atta ...
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