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Military Inc.
''Military Inc.: Inside Pakistan's Military Economy'' ( ur, ) is a book about the Pakistan military's economic activities and its consequences, written by Ayesha Siddiqa. Content The book, divided into ten chapters, discusses the Pakistan military's economic empire and its political, economic, and social effect on the country. The author uses the term “Milbus” to refer to “''military capital that is used for the personal benefit of the military fraternity, especially the officer cadre, but is neither recorded nor part of the defense budget''.” She puts the cost of this Milbus to at least $20 billion. The following is a brief description of the content chapter wise: *''Chapter 1:'' Defines six distinct categories of military-civilian relationship in the world and explaining each with a brief case study of different countries. *''Chapter 2:'' Explains the political growth of the Pakistan Army. its mandate, organizational structure and ethnic composition. *''Chapter 3:'' H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayesha Siddiqa
Ayesha Siddiqa ( ur, ), (born April 7, 1966), is a Pakistani political scientist, a political commentator and an author who serves as a research associate at the SOAS South Asia Institute. She previously served as the inaugural Pakistan Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center between 2004 and 2005. Biography Born in Lahore, Siddiqa studied at Kinnaird College and went on to join the Civil Service of Pakistan. As a civil servant, Siddiqa served as the director of naval research with the Pakistan Navy, making her the first civilian and the first woman to work at that position in Pakistan's defence establishment. She also worked in military accounts and as deputy director Defense Services Audit. Siddiqa moved to London, where she received her PhD from King's College London in war studies. After leaving the civil service, she served as the senior research fellow at the Sandia National Laboratories and went on to teach at the University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political History Of Pakistan
The political history of Pakistan ( ur, ) is the narrative and analysis of political events, ideas, movements, and leaders of Pakistan. Pakistan gained independence from the United Kingdom on 14 August 1947, when the Presidencies and provinces of British India were divided by the United Kingdom, in a region which is commonly referred to as the Indian subcontinent. Since its independence, Pakistan has had a colorful yet turbulent political history at times, often characterized by martial law and inefficient leadership. Pre-independence era The Pakistan Movement, as it came to be known, was based on the principle of two-nation theory, and aimed to establish a separate homeland for Muslims in South Asia. This was a movement against the oppression, that Muslims felt in the face of an increasingly politicized Hindu majority. The Pakistan Movement was spearheaded by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and staunchly opposed by some of Muslim religious scholars. Parliamentary democracy After the ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |