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Milenko Trifunovic
This is a comprehensive list of prosecutions brought against individuals for the crime of genocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and international cases brought against states for the same crime. Additionally, civil law cases brought against individuals and states seeking damages, in relation to the crime of genocide, are also listed. Bosnian Genocide Case The Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), case 91, International Court of Justice (ICJ) Judgement returned on 26 February 2007. The case before the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations's highest judicial body, which exclusively hears disputes between states, related to Serbia's alleged attempts to wipe out the Bosnian Muslim population of Bosnia. It was filed by Dr. Francis Boyle, an adviser to Alija Izetbegović during the Bosnian War. The case was heard in the ICJ court in The Hague, Netherlands, and en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genocide
Genocide is violence that targets individuals because of their membership of a group and aims at the destruction of a people. Raphael Lemkin, who first coined the term, defined genocide as "the destruction of a nation or of an ethnic group" by means such as "the disintegration of [its] political and social institutions, of [its] cultural genocide, culture, linguicide, language, national feelings, religious persecution, religion, and [its] economic existence". During the struggle to ratify the Genocide Convention, powerful countries restricted Lemkin's definition to exclude their own actions from being classified as genocide, ultimately limiting it to any of five "acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group". While there are many scholarly Genocide definitions, definitions of genocide, almost all international bodies of law officially adjudicate the crime of genocide pursuant to the Genocide Convention. Genocide has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laws Or Customs Of War
The law of war is a component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (''jus ad bellum'') and the conduct of hostilities (''jus in bello''). Laws of war define sovereignty and nationhood, states and territories, occupation, and other critical terms of law. Among other issues, modern laws of war address the declarations of war, acceptance of surrender and the treatment of prisoners of war, military necessity, along with ''distinction'' and ''proportionality''; and the prohibition of certain weapons that may cause unnecessary suffering. The ''law of war'' is considered distinct from other bodies of law—such as the domestic law of a particular belligerent to a conflict—which may provide additional legal limits to the conduct or justification of war. Early sources and history The first traces of a law of war come from the Babylonians. It is the Code of Hammurabi, king of Babylon, which in 1750 B.C., explains its laws imposing a code o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosanski Šamac
Bosnian may refer to: *Anything related to the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina or its inhabitants *Anything related to Bosnia (region) or its inhabitants * Bosniaks, an ethnic group mainly inhabiting Bosnia and Herzegovina and one of three constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina * Bosnians, people who live in, or come from, Bosnia and Herzegovina * Bosnian Croats, an ethnic group and one of three constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina * Bosnian Serbs, an ethnic group and one of the three constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina * '' Bošnjani'', the name of inhabitants of Bosnia during the Middle Ages * Bosnian language See also * Bosniak (other) * List of Bosnians and Herzegovinians * Languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina Demography, Demographic features of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina include population density, Ethnic group, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina, re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bratunac
Bratunac ( sr-cyrl, Братунац) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the municipality has a population of 20,340 inhabitants, while the town of Bratunac has a population of 8,359 inhabitants. History Early history In 1381, the name Bratunac was mentioned for the first time because of the direct road from Bosnia and Herzegovina to Serbia that passed through Bratunac. At the time, Bratunac was composed of five houses and had a population of roughly 30 people. In 1461, the region was conquered by the Ottomans under Mehmed II. Under Ottoman rule, it was transformed into a kasbah that included mosques, a madrasa, several mekteps, shadirvans, caravanserais, and other types of Islamic architecture. In 1878, as the Ottoman Empire fell into decline, Austro-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina and ruled over Bratunac until its dissolution at the end of the WW1. In 1927, Bratunac became a municipality for the first time. Sett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radovan Karadžić
Radovan Karadžić ( sr-Cyrl, Радован Караџић, ; born 19 June 1945) is a Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnian Serb politician who was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). He was the president of Republika Srpska, president of Republika Srpska (1992–1995), Republika Srpska during the Bosnian War. Trained as a psychiatrist, he co-founded the Serb Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Serb Democratic Party in Bosnia and Herzegovina and served as the first president of Republika Srpska from 1992 to 1996. He was a fugitive from 1996 until July 2008, after having been indicted for war crimes by the ICTY. The indictment concluded there were reasonable grounds for believing he committed war crimes, including genocide against Bosniak and Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croat civilians during the Bosnian War (1992–1995). While a fugitive, he worked at a private c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superior Responsibility
In the practice of international law, command responsibility (also superior responsibility) is the legal doctrine of hierarchical accountability for war crimes, whereby a commanding officer (military) and a superior officer (civil) are legally responsible for the war crimes and the crimes against humanity committed by his subordinates; thus, a commanding officer always is accountable for the acts of commission and the acts of omission of his soldiers.Guilty Associations: Joint Criminal Enterprise, Command Responsibility, and the Development of International Criminal Law by Allison Marston Danner and Jenny S. Martinez, 15 September 2004. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vujadin Popović
Vujadin Popović (14 March 1957, Popovići, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina) is a Bosnian Serb war criminal, who participated in the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina and was convicted of genocide, extermination, murder and persecution and sentenced to life in prison. He was Lieutenant Colonel and the Chief of Security of the Drina Corps of the Army of Republika Srpska. In 1995, he was present and on duty in the Drina Corps zone of responsibility, which included Srebrenica, Potocari, Bratunac and Zvornik. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia indicted Vujadin Popović for genocide, conspiracy to commit genocide, extermination, murder, persecutions, forcible transfer, and deportation. These crimes allegedly took place between July and November 1995. On 26 March 2002, the ICTY issued an indictment against him for his role in the Srebrenica Massacre. After a while he decided to surrender and he was transferred to The Hague on 14 April 2005. Four days later, he app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinko Pandurević
Vinko Pandurević (born 25 June 1959, Sokolac, Bosnia and Herzegovina) is a Serb former commanding officer of the Zvornik Brigade during the Bosnian War. He was put on trial for war crimes at International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in the Hague The Hague ( ) is the capital city of the South Holland province of the Netherlands. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands. Situated on the west coast facing the North Sea, The Hague is the c .... Pandurević's defense lawyer argued he had "no effective control" of his brigade during the time when the atrocities occurred. However, on the basis of individual criminal responsibility (Article 7(1) of the Statute of the Tribunal), he was found guilty of aiding and abetting crimes against humanity and violations of the laws or customs of war. He was sentenced to 13 years' imprisonment, and granted early release on 9 April 2015. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drago Nikolić
Drago Nikolić (Serbian Cyrillic: Драго Николић; 9 November 1957 – 11 October 2015) was a Bosnian Serb who participated in the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was the 2nd Lieutenant who served as Chief of Security for the Zvornik Brigade of the Bosnian Serb Army. On 6 September 2002, the ICTY issued an indictment against him for his role in the Srebrenica Massacre. He surrendered and was transferred to The Hague on 17 March 2005. He appeared in the chamber and pleaded "not guilty". On 10 June 2010, the Trial Chamber brought a verdict: Nikolić, working closely with Ljubiša Beara and Vujadin Popović, was involved in organising the detention and execution of prisoners at Ročević School. He demonstrated a resolve to carry out his assigned tasks in this murderous operation. His contribution to the Joint Criminal Enterprise to murder was persistent and determined. He was convicted of aiding and abetting genocide, extermination, murder and persecutions and sentence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Criminal Enterprise
Joint criminal enterprise (JCE) is a legal doctrine that has been used during war crimes tribunals to prosecute individuals in a group for the actions of said group. This doctrine considers each member of an organized group individually responsible for crimes committed by the group within its common plan or purpose. The legal doctrine specifically arose through the application of the idea of common purpose and has been applied by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to prosecute political and military leaders for mass war crimes, including genocide, committed during the Yugoslav Wars from 1991 to 1999. For example, "if three people commit a bank robbery and one fatally shoots a person in the process, the law considers all guilty of murder" via the concept of "collective liability" where more than one person can share liability and punishment for the actions of another person. The idea of "collective liability," however, has not been universall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ljubomir Borovčanin
Lubomir, Lyubomir, Lyubomyr, Lubomír, Ľubomír, or Ljubomir is a Slavic given name meaning lub (love) and mir (peace, world). Feminine forms are: Lubomira and Ljubica. Nicknames Lubor, Luboš, Luborek, Lubošek, Borek, Lubo, Ľubo, Ljubo, Ljuba, Ljuban, Ljubiša, Ljupko, Ljupče, Lubik Famous bearers * Ljubomir Fejsa - Serbian football player * Ljubomir Nenadović - Serbian writer * Ljubomir Stojanović - Serbian philologist * Ljubomir Jovanović - Serbian politician and historian * Ljubomir Kovačević - Serbian writer, historian, academic, and politician * Ljubomir Davidović - Serbian politician, prime minister of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. * Ljubomir Tadić - Serbian philosopher * Ljubomir Popović - Serbian painter * Ljubomir Travica - Serbian volleyball coach and former player * Ljubomir Davidović - Serbian/Yugoslav politician * Ljubomir "Ljupko" Petrović - former Yugoslav football player and current coach * Ljubomir Ljubojević - Yu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosnian Serb Army
The Army of Republika Srpska (; ВРС/VRS), commonly referred to in English as the Bosnian Serb Army, was the military of Republika Srpska, the self-proclaimed Serb secessionist republic, a territory within the newly independent Bosnia and Herzegovina (formerly part of Yugoslavia), which it defied and fought against. Active during the Bosnian War from 1992 to 1995, it continued to exist as the armed forces of RS, one of two entities making up Bosnia and Herzegovina, until 2006 when it was integrated into the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Forces of the VRS engaged in several campaigns, including Operation Corridor 92, Operation Vrbas '92, Operation Bura, and Operation Spider; they were also involved in the siege of Sarajevo, as well as the Srebrenica massacre. Personnel The Army of the Republika Srpska (VRS) was founded on 12 May 1992 from the remnants of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from which Bosnia an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
