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Michel Ferlus
Michel Ferlus (; 1935 – 10 March 2024) was a French linguistics, linguist who specialized in the historical phonology of languages of Southeast Asia. In addition to phonological systems, he also studied writing systems, in particular the evolution of Indic scripts in Southeast Asia. Biography Michel Ferlus was born in 1935. He followed classes in ethnology and prehistory taught by André Leroi-Gourhan; in 'primitive religions' by Roger Bastide; in linguistics by André Martinet; and in Southeast Asian languages and history by George Coedès, George Cœdès. He worked in Laos as a teacher from 1961 to 1968. This allowed him to do fieldwork on languages of Laos, including Hmong and Yao (Hmong-Mien family), Khmu language, Khmu/Khamou and Lamet language, Lamet (Austroasiatic/Mon-Khmer), as well as Phunoi people, Phu Noi/Phou-Noy (Sino-Tibetan). He became a researcher at Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in 1968. He mainly did fieldwork in Thailand and Myanmar, Burma (My ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tương Dương
''Tương'' (, vi-hantu, 醬) is the name applied to a variety of condiments, a kind of fermented bean paste made from soybean and commonly used in Cuisine of Vietnam, Vietnamese cuisine. Originally, the term refers to a Edible salt, salty paste made from fermented soybeans, which is popular in Vegetarian cuisine, vegetarian meals, particularly those prepared and eaten by Buddhism in Vietnam, Vietnamese Buddhist monks. It is also the most typical dipping sauce for summer rolls (). The paste, which is generally dark brown in color, is produced by adding the fungus ''Aspergillus oryzae'' to roasted soybeans, which are then allowed to naturally ferment in a jar with water until it develops an umami flavor. Other ingredients, such as glutinous rice or maize powder, salt, or water, may also be used. is similar to the Chinese yellow soybean paste, though the latter is generally saltier and thicker in texture. may range in consistency from a thick paste to a thin liquid. Some vari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamet Language
Lamet is a Mon–Khmer language of Laos. There are also one hundred speakers in Lampang Province, Thailand, where it is known as ''Khamet''. Lamet speakers call their language �əmɛːt or less commonly ʰəmɛːtConver, Lynn C. 1999. "A Sketch of the Phonology of a Lamet Dialect." In ''Mon-Khmer Studies'', 29: 35-56. Locations Lamet of Lampang was originally spoken in Takluh village north of Namtha in Laos. A closely related variety called Lua' is spoken in Ban Pang Chok (Ban Lua), Wiang Pa Pao District, southern Chiang Rai Province, Thailand.Narumol, Charoenma. 1982. ''The phonologies of a Lampang Lamet and Wiang Papao Lua''. ''Mon-Khmer Studies'' 11. 35-45. Phonology Lamet also has two tones; high and low. References *Narumol, Charoenma. 1980. ''The sound systems of Lampang Lamet and Wiang Papao Lua''. MA thesis, Mahidol University. *Narumol, Charoenma. 1982. ''The phonologies of a Lampang Lamet and Wiang Papao Lua''. ''Mon-Khmer Studies ''Mon-Khmer Studies'' w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Text Annotation
Text annotation is the practice and the result of adding a note or gloss to a text, which may include highlights or underlining, comments, footnotes, tags, and links. Text annotations can include notes written for a reader's private purposes, as well as shared annotations written for the purposes of collaborative writing and editing, commentary, or social reading and sharing. In some fields, text annotation is comparable to metadata insofar as it is added post hoc and provides information about a text without fundamentally altering that original text. Text annotations are sometimes referred to as marginalia, though some reserve this term specifically for hand-written notes made in the margins of books or manuscripts. Annotations have been found to be useful and help to develop knowledge of English literature. Annotations can be both private and socially shared, including hand-written and information technology-based annotation. Annotations are different than notetaking because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panchronic Phonology
Panchronic phonology is an approach to historical phonology. Its aim is to formulate generalizations about sound changes that are independent of any particular language or language group. Etymology The term 'panchronic' as applied to linguistics goes back at least to Saussure, who uses it to refer to the most general principles, independently of concrete facts. The panchronic program in phonology, however, is associated with the work of André-Georges Haudricourt, especially his seminal articles of 1940See Haudricourt (1940). and 1973, and the preliminary synthesis published with Claude Hagège in 1978. Main tenets of the panchronic program in phonology Beyond case studies, one of the goals of comparative linguistics is to assemble data that lead to an inventory of the common types of sound change and to an improved understanding of the conditions under which they occur. Panchronic Phonology aims to achieve this: it attempts to formulate generalizations about sound change tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonogenesis
Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or to inflect words. All oral languages use pitch to express emotional and other para-linguistic information and to convey emphasis, contrast and other such features in what is called intonation, but not all languages use tones to distinguish words or their inflections, analogously to consonants and vowels. Languages that have this feature are called tonal languages; the distinctive tone patterns of such a language are sometimes called tonemes, by analogy with ''phoneme''. Tonal languages are common in East and Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, and the Pacific. Tonal languages are different from pitch-accent languages in that tonal languages can have each syllable with an independent tone whilst pitch-accent languages may have one syllable in a word or morpheme that is more prominent than the others. Mechanics Most languages use pitch as intonation to convey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cahiers De Linguistique Asie Orientale
''Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal of East Asian linguistics that was established in 1978 and is published by Brill. The articles published before 2007 are in free access on the Persée website. It is indexed in Scopus. Topics The journal publishes articles in English, French, and Mandarin Chinese, and covers a wide range of topics including generative syntax, linguistic typology, phonetics, phonology, and historical linguistics on all languages of the Sino-Tibetan, Austroasiatic, Austronesian, Hmong-Mien, Kra-Dai, Tungusic, Mongolic, and Turkic families, as well as on Japanese, Korean Korean may refer to: People and culture * Koreans, people from the Korean peninsula or of Korean descent * Korean culture * Korean language **Korean alphabet, known as Hangul or Korean **Korean dialects **See also: North–South differences in t ..., and Ainu. External links Back issues(volumes 1–42, to 2012) on Persée ''Cahiers de Lingu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mon-Khmer Studies
''Mon-Khmer Studies'' was an academic journal that focused on Mon-Khmer languages. It was established in 1964 and ceased publication in 2016. From 1992 onwards, it was published by Mahidol University and SIL International SIL Global (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics International) is an evangelical Christian nonprofit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, to expan .... References External links Academic journals established in 1964 Linguistics journals Publications disestablished in 2016 English-language journals {{ling-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tai Languages
The Tai, Zhuang–Tai, or Daic languages (Ahom language, Ahom: 𑜁𑜪𑜨 𑜄𑜩 or 𑜁𑜨𑜉𑜫 𑜄𑜩 ; ; or , ; , ) are a branch of the Kra–Dai languages, Kra–Dai language family. The Tai languages include the most widely spoken of the Tai–Kadai languages, including Standard Thai language, Thai or Siamese, the national language of Thailand; Lao language, Lao or Laotian, the national language of Laos; Myanmar's Shan language; and Zhuang languages, Zhuang, a major language in the Southwestern China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, spoken by the Zhuang people (), the largest minority ethnic group in China, with a population of 15.55 million, living mainly in Guangxi, the rest scattered across Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces. Name Cognates with the name ''Tai'' (''Thai'', ''Dai'', etc.) are used by speakers of many Tai languages. The term ''Tai'' is now well-established as the generic name in English. In his book'' The Tai-Kadai Languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietic Languages
The Vietic languages are a branch of the Austroasiatic language family, spoken by the Vietic peoples in Laos and Vietnam. The branch was once referred to by the terms ''Việt–Mường'', ''Annamese–Muong'', and ''Vietnamuong''; the term ''Vietic'' was proposed by La Vaughn Hayes, who proposed to redefine ''Việt–Mường'' as referring to a sub-branch of Vietic containing only Vietnamese and Mường. Many of the Vietic languages have tonal or phonational systems intermediate between that of Viet–Muong and other branches of Austroasiatic that have not had significant Chinese or Tai influence. Origins The ancestor of the Vietic language is traditionally assumed to have been located in today's North Vietnam. However, the origin of the Vietic languages remains a controversial topic among linguists. Another theory, based on linguistic diversity, locates the most probable homeland of the Vietic languages in modern-day Bolikhamsai Province and Khammouane Province in L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifteenth-most populous country. One of two communist states in Southeast Asia, Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. Before the Han dynasty's invasion, Vietnam was marked by a vibrant mix of religion, culture, and social norms. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam, which were subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by India and Bangladesh to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest. The country's capital city is Naypyidaw, and its largest city is Yangon (formerly Rangoon). Early civilisations in the area included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Myanmar and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Myanmar. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy River, Irrawaddy valley, and following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language and Culture of Myanmar, culture and Buddhism in Myanmar, Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
