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Michael Gilbert (goldsmith)
Michael Gilbert (died 1590) was an Edinburgh goldsmith and financier. Career His brothers John Gilbert senior and Alexander Gilbert, and nephew David Gilbert (a son of John Gilbert) were also goldsmiths. An earlier "Michael Gilbert" was a goldsmith, so he is often listed as "Michael II Gilbert". At the Scottish Reformation in 1559, Gilbert was given two small silver chandeliers from the treasury of St Giles' Kirk for safekeeping. In 1560 he bought silver from the church and the diamond from a ring on the finger of the arm relic of St Giles. George Seton, 7th Lord Seton is thought to have commissioned dies from Gilbert to strike gold and silver medals with the motto "UN DIEU, UN FOY, UN ROY, UN LOY", and a monogram with his initials and those of his wife, Isobel Hamilton, daughter of William Hamilton of Sanquhar, "GS-IH," with another motto "Nemo Potest Duobus Dominus Servire," from Matthew 6:24, "No one can serve two masters". In 1570 Lord Seton owed Gilbert for a dozen silver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish Reformation
The Scottish Reformation was the process by which Scotland broke with the Papacy and developed a predominantly Calvinist national Kirk (church), which was strongly Presbyterian in its outlook. It was part of the wider European Protestant Reformation that took place from the sixteenth century. From the late fifteenth century the ideas of Renaissance humanism, critical of aspects of the established Catholic Church, began to reach Scotland, particularly through contacts between Scottish and continental scholars. In the earlier part of the sixteenth century, the teachings of Martin Luther began to influence Scotland. Particularly important was the work of the Lutheran Scot Patrick Hamilton, who was executed in 1528. Unlike his uncle Henry VIII in England, James V avoided major structural and theological changes to the church and used it as a source of income and for appointments for his illegitimate children and favourites. His death in 1542 left the infant Mary, Queen of Scots as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edinburgh Castle
Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock (Edinburgh), Castle Rock, which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age, although the nature of the early settlement is unclear. There has been a royal castle on the rock since at least the reign of David I of Scotland, David I in the 12th century, and the site continued to be a royal residence until 1633. From the 15th century, the castle's residential role declined, and by the 17th century it was principally used as military barracks with a large garrison. Its importance as a part of Scotland's national heritage was recognised increasingly from the early 19th century onwards, and various restoration programmes have been carried out over the past century and a half. As one of the most important strongholds in the Kingdom of Scotland, Edinburgh Castle was involved in many historical conflicts from the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century to the Jacobite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Stewart, Earl Of Arran
Captain James Stewart, Earl of Arran (died 1595) was created Earl of Arran by the young King James VI, who wrested the title from James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran. He rose to become Lord Chancellor of Scotland and was eventually murdered in 1595. Career He was the second son of Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree, by his wife Agnes, the daughter of John Cunningham, 5th of Capringtoun, Ayrshire. Stewart's sister, Margaret, was married to the reformer John Knox. In April 1573, James was sent as a "pledge" or hostage to England for the security of the English army and artillery sent to the "Lang Siege" of Edinburgh Castle, which was held by supporters of Mary Queen of Scots. Regent Morton gave him £55 for his expenses in England. He was Captain of the Royal Guard of James VI, served with the Dutch forces in the Netherlands against the Spanish, and returned to Scotland in 1579. James quickly became a favourite of the young king, and in 1580 was made Gentleman of the Bedchamb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Annand
Thomas Annand (died 1591) was a Scottish goldsmith based in Edinburgh. One of his earliest recorded works was a contribution to a gift for James VI from the burgh of Edinburgh. James VI had been living at Stirling Castle, and towards the end of 1579 he was proclaimed an adult ruler and made a formal Entry to Edinburgh. As a gift to him, the town council commissioned a cupboard of silver plate from the goldsmiths Edward Hart, Thomas Annand, George Heriot, Adam Craig, and William Cokky. In 1589 he worked with another goldsmith, Hew Lindsay, to supply silver gilt platters worth £1500 Scots for John Maitland of Thirlestane. He died in Dundee on 6 August 1591. The goldsmith and financier Thomas Foulis owed him £1374-13s-4d. Scots. He married Grissell Finlayson, their children were James and Katherine. In December 1591 Edinburgh burgh council allowed "Grissell Fynlawsoun" to continue to rent her husband's goldsmith's booth or shop located under the Old Tolbooth on Edinburgh's R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silver Gilt
Silver-gilt or gilded/gilt silver, sometimes known in American English by the French term vermeil, is silver (either pure or sterling) which has been gilded with gold. Most large objects made in goldsmithing that appear to be gold are actually silver-gilt; for example most sporting trophies (including medals such as the gold medals awarded in all Olympic Games after 1912) and many crown jewels are silver-gilt objects. Apart from the raw materials being much less expensive to acquire than solid gold of any karat, large silver-gilt objects are also noticeably lighter if lifted, as well as more durable (gold is much heavier than even lead and is easily scratched and bent). For objects that have intricate detail like monstrances, gilding greatly reduces the need for cleaning and polishing, and so reduces the risk of damage. Ungilded silver would suffer oxidation and need frequent polishing; gold does not oxidize at all. The "gold" threads used in embroidered goldwork are normally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entry Of James VI Into Edinburgh
The Entry of James VI into Edinburgh was a ceremony marking the coming of age of James VI of Scotland as an adult ruler on Friday 19 October 1579. James VI had spent his childhood at Stirling Castle. Now he came to Edinburgh to begin his adult rule. Events According to David Moysie, James VI left Stirling on 29 September 1579 despite a storm. He had lunch at Dunipace and dinner at Linlithgow Palace where he stayed the night, and came to Holyroodhouse the next evening. The town lined the road with men in armour and a salute was fired from Edinburgh Castle. His entry to the town was marked by a ceremonial Royal entry. James arrived from Dalkeith Palace. The processional route went from the West Port, to the Overbow, to the Tolbooth, to St Giles Kirk, the Mercat Cross, the Salt Tron, the Nether Bow, Canongate Cross, and Holyrood Palace. The gates of the town, the tolbooths of Edinburgh and the Canongate, and other buildings were painted white with limewash, called "calk". Hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Hill Burton
John Hill Burton FRSE (22 August 1809 – 10 August 1881) was a Scottish advocate, historian and economist. The author of ''Life and Correspondence of David Hume'', he was secretary of the Scottish Prison Board (1854–77), and Historiographer Royal (1867–1881). Life Burton was born in Aberdeen on 22 August 1809, the son of William Kinninmont Burton (''d''. 1819), a lieutenant in the army, and Elizabeth (''d''. 1848), daughter of John Paton of Grandholm, Aberdeenshire, He was educated at Aberdeen Grammar School and Marischal College. After graduating, he moved to Edinburgh with his widowed mother and his sister, the educational reformer Mary Burton. He studied for the Bar, being admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1831. In 1832/3 the address of "J.H. Burton advocate" was given as 12 Fettes Row, in Edinburgh's New Town. However, he had little practice, and in 1854 was appointed Secretary to the Prison Board of Scotland, and in 1877 a Commissioner of Prisons. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Hart (goldsmith)
Edward Hart or Hairt was a Scottish goldsmith based in Edinburgh. In 1575 the goldsmiths Michael Gilbert and George Heriot petitioned the ruler of Scotland Regent Morton in opposition Edward Hart, who claimed he should be a master goldsmith despite not meeting the criteria of the craft. Morton was persuaded to support the "liberty" of the craft incorporation, and soon after Hart accepted that he should make a "masterpiece", as was required of other aspiring master goldsmiths, in the workshop of Heriot or William Cok. Hart was made a master of the goldsmith craft on 22 December 1575. Hart contributed to a gift for James VI from the burgh of Edinburgh. James VI had been living at Stirling Castle, and towards the end of 1579 he was proclaimed an adult ruler and made a formal Entry to Edinburgh. As a gift to him, the town council commissioned a cupboard of silver plate from the goldsmiths Edward Hart, Thomas Annand, George Heriot George Heriot (15 June 1563 – 12 February 162 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Heriot (died 1610)
George Heriot (1539/40 – 1610) was a Scottish goldsmith and member of the Parliament of Scotland. He is perhaps best known as the father of the philanthropist George Heriot, his eldest son. Career He was the son of the goldsmith George Heriot, who had moved to Edinburgh around the start of the sixteenth century, and Christian Kyle, an Edinburgh native. Heriot was a member of an established Haddingtonshire family; his grandfather, John Heriot, had been given four hundred acres of land at Trabourn by the Earl of Douglas in return for military service, which belonged to his uncle James Heriot. His father worked for James V, in October 1533 he mended a silver jug for the king. He had become a freeman of the Edinburgh Incorporation of Goldsmiths by 26 June 1561 when he was elected to be a quarter-master of the Incorporation. He became a burgess of the City of Edinburgh on 4 August 1562. He was elected Deacon of the Incorporation for the years 1565–67, 1575–76, 1579, 1583–85, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bewcastle Castle
Bewcastle Castle is a ruined castle in the parish of Bewcastle in the English county of Cumbria, a few miles from the Scottish border. History The first castle was built on the site of Bewcastle Roman Fort, around 1092. The castle is surrounded by a dry moat, the north and east sections of which re-use the Roman ditch. The castle was destroyed in 1173, but was rebuilt towards the end of the 14th century. It was decayed by the early 15th century when Edward IV granted it to his brother, the Duke of Gloucester, later to become King Richard III. The buildings were repaired and the gatehouse was possibly added at this time. From the late 15th century, the castle was held by the Musgrave family. In 1602 Thomas Musgrave was accused by Lancelot Carleton to the Privy Council of harbouring thieves in the castle . They fought a duel at Canonbie Holm to settle the issue. Bewcastle Castle was reputedly destroyed by Cromwell in 1641. The castle was in a state of ruin by the 17th centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pound Scots
The pound ( Modern and Middle Scots: ''Pund'') was the currency of Scotland prior to the 1707 Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. It was introduced by David I, in the 12th century, on the Carolingian monetary system of a pound divided into 20 shillings, each of 12 pence. The Scottish currency was later devalued relative to sterling by debasement of its coinage. By the time of James III, one pound Scots was valued at five shillings sterling. Silver coins were issued denominated in merk, worth 13s.4d. Scots (two-thirds of a pound Scots). When James VI became King James I of England in 1603, the coinage was reformed to closely match sterling coin, with £12 Scots equal to £1 sterling. No gold coinage was issued from 1638 to 1700, but new silver coinage was issued from 1664 to 1707. With the Acts of Union 1707, the pound Scots was replaced by sterling coin at the rate of 12:1 (£1 Sco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regent Morton
James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton (c. 1516 – 2 June 1581, aged 65) was the last of the four regents of Scotland during the minority of King James VI. He was in some ways the most successful of the four, since he won the civil war that had been dragging on with the supporters of the exiled Mary, Queen of Scots. However, he came to an unfortunate end, executed by means of the Maiden, a predecessor of the guillotine. Biography Early life James Douglas was the second son of Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich, Master of Angus, and Elizabeth Douglas, daughter of David Douglas of Pittendreich. He wrote that he was over 61 years old in March 1578, so was probably born around 1516. Before 1543 he married Elizabeth, daughter of James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton, and became known as the "Master of Morton". In 1553 James Douglas succeeded to the title and estates of his father-in-law, including Dalkeith House in Midlothian and Aberdour Castle in Fife. Elizabeth Douglas suffered from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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