|
Meskwaki
The Meskwaki (sometimes spelled Mesquaki), also known by the European exonyms Fox Indians or the Fox, are a Native American people. They have been closely linked to the Sauk people of the same language family. In the Meskwaki language, the Meskwaki call themselves ', which means "the Red-Earths", related to their creation story. The Meskwaki suffered damaging wars with the French and their Native American allies in the early 18th century, with one in 1730 decimating the tribe. Euro-American colonization and settlement proceeded in the United States during the 19th century and forced the Meskwaki south and west into the tallgrass prairie in the American Midwest. In 1851 the Iowa state legislature passed an unusual act to allow the Fox to buy land and stay in the state. Other Sac and Fox were removed to Indian territory in what became Kansas, Oklahoma and Nebraska. In the 21st century, two federally recognized tribes of "Sac and Fox" have reservations, and one has a settl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meskwaki Settlement, Iowa
Meskwakiinaki, also called the Meskwaki Settlement, is an unincorporated community in Tama County, Iowa, United States, west of Tama.Elias Ellefson, "What it Means to be a Meskwaki": Ray Young Bear interview ''Des Moines Register,'' 4 September 1994 It encompasses the lands of the Meskwaki Nation (federally recognized as the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa), one of three Sac and Fox tribes in the United States. The others are located in Oklahoma and Kansas. The settlement is located in the historic territory of the |
Meskwaki Language
Fox (known by a variety of different names, including Mesquakie (Meskwaki), Mesquakie-Sauk, Mesquakie-Sauk-Kickapoo, Sauk-Fox, and Sac and Fox) is an Algonquian language, spoken by a thousand Meskwaki, Sauk, and Kickapoo in various locations in the Midwestern United States and in northern Mexico. Dialects The three distinct dialects are: * Fox or (Meskwaki language) (also called Mesquakie, Meskwaki) * Sauk or (Thâkîwaki language) (also rendered Sac), and * Kickapoo or ''Kiikaapoa'' (also rendered ; considered by some to be a closely related but distinct language). If Kickapoo is counted as a separate language rather than a dialect of Fox, then only between 200 and 300 speakers of Fox remain. Extinct Mascouten was most likely another dialect, though it is scarcely attested. Revitalization Most speakers are elderly or middle-aged, making it highly endangered. The tribal school at the Meskwaki Settlement in Iowa incorporates bilingual education for children. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fox Language
Fox (known by a variety of different names, including Mesquakie (Meskwaki), Mesquakie-Sauk, Mesquakie-Sauk-Kickapoo, Sauk-Fox, and Sac and Fox) is an Algonquian languages, Algonquian language, spoken by a thousand Meskwaki, Sauk people, Sauk, and Kickapoo people, Kickapoo in various locations in the Midwestern United States and in northern Mexico. Dialects The three distinct dialects are: * Meskwaki, Fox or (Meskwaki language) (also called Mesquakie, Meskwaki) * Sauk language, Sauk or (Thâkîwaki language) (also rendered Sac), and * Kickapoo language, Kickapoo or ''Kiikaapoa'' (also rendered ; considered by some to be a closely related but distinct language). If Kickapoo is counted as a separate language rather than a dialect of Fox, then only between 200 and 300 speakers of Fox remain. Extinct Mascouten was most likely another dialect, though it is scarcely attested. Revitalization Most speakers are elderly or middle-aged, making it highly Endangered languages, end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauk People
The Sauk or Sac (Sauk language, Sauk: ''Thâkîwaki'') are Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans and Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands. Their historical territory was near Green Bay, Wisconsin. Today they have three tribes based in Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. Their federally recognized tribes are: * Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska * Sac and Fox Nation, Oklahoma * Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa. They are closely allied with the Meskwaki people. Their Sauk language is part of the Algonquian language family. Name The Sauk or Sac called themselves Thâkîwaki, translating as "people coming forth [from the outlet]" or "[from the water]". Their endonym, autonym is written oθaakiiwaki in the current orthography. Ojibwe people called them Ozaagii(-wag). The latter name was transliterated into French language, French and English language, English by European colonists. The neighboring Anishinaabe, Anishan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algonquian Peoples
The Algonquians are one of the most populous and widespread North American indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous American groups, consisting of the peoples who speak Algonquian languages. They historically were prominent along the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast and in the interior regions along St. Lawrence River and around the Great Lakes. Before contact with Europeans, most Algonquian settlements lived by hunting and fishing, with many of them supplementing their diet by cultivating maize, corn, beans and Cucurbita, squash (the "Three Sisters (agriculture), Three Sisters"). The Ojibwe cultivated wild rice. Colonial period At the time of European arrival in North America, Algonquian peoples resided in present-day Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, New England, New Jersey, southeastern New York (state), New York, Delaware, and down the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast to the Upper South, and around the Great Lakes in present-day Illino ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symphyotrichum Novae-angliae
(formerly ''Aster novae-angliae'') is a species of flowering plant in the aster Family (botany), family (Asteraceae) Native plant, native to central and eastern North America. Common name, Commonly known as , , or , it is a Perennial plant, perennial, Herbaceous plant, herbaceous plant usually between tall and wide. The usually deep purple flowers have up to 100 ray florets which are rarely pink or white. These surround the flower centers which are composed of just as many tiny yellow disk florets. The plant grows naturally in clumps, with several erect Plant stem, stems emerging from a single point. The stems are stout, Pilose, hairy, and mostly unbranched. The untoothed, lance-shaped leaves clasp the stem with earlobe-like appendages, and the lower stem leaves often wither by the time of flowering. New England aster generally grows in wet environments but also has been found in dry soil or sand. The seeds and nectar of this mostly NatureServe conservation status, conser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fox River (Green Bay Tributary)
The Fox River is a river in eastern Wisconsin in the Great Lakes region of the United States. It is the principal tributary of the Green Bay (Lake Michigan), Green Bay, and via the bay, the largest tributary of Lake Michigan. The city of Green Bay, Wisconsin, Green Bay, one of the first European settlements in the interior of North America, is on the river at its mouth on the Green Bay. Hydrographers divide the Fox into two distinct sections, the Upper Fox River, flowing from its headwaters in south-central Wisconsin northeasterly into Lake Winnebago, and the Lower Fox River, flowing from Lake Winnebago northeasterly to the Green Bay. Together, the two sections give the Fox River a length of . Counting the distance through Lake Winnebago gives a total of . The river's name is the English translation of the French name for the Meskwaki, Meskwaki people in the 17th century. The river was part of the famous 1673–74 expedition of Louis Jolliet, Jolliet and Jacques Marquett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triodanis Perfoliata
''Triodanis perfoliata'', the clasping Venus' looking-glass or clasping bellflower, is an annual flowering plant belonging to the family Campanulaceae (bellflower family). It is an annual herb native to North and South America, the natural range extending from Canada to Argentina. It is also naturalized in China, Korea and Australia. Description ''T. perfoliata'' is an annual plant that grows to a height of , occasionally taller, with a central, unbranched, lightly hairy stem featuring alternate leaves that clasp the stem. The leaves are light green, rounded, up to long, and are scallop-edged and shell-shaped. Both the stem and the leaves contain a milky sap. On the upper part of the stem, 1-3 flowers emerge from the leaf axils, although only 1 of these flowers will be blooming at any one time. These flowers are wheel-shaped or bell-shaped, violet blue (rarely white), and approximately across. They have 5-lobed corollas and are radially symmetrical. There are flowers on the lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solidago Rigida
''Solidago rigida'', known by the common names stiff goldenrod and stiff-leaved goldenrod, is a North American plant species in the family Asteraceae. It has a widespread distribution in Canada and the United States, where it is found primarily east of the Rocky Mountains. It is typically found in open, dry areas associated with calcareous or sandy soil. Habitats include prairies, savannas, and glades. Description ''Soliadgo rigida'' is a tall, leafy perennial. Its leathery leaves are large for a goldenrod, reaching wide and long. It produces heads of yellow flowers in the late summer and fall. Its fruit is a wind-dispersed achene. Galls This species is host to the following insect induced galls: *'' Asphondylia s-rigida-bud-rosette-gall'' *'' Asteromyia carbonifera'' (Osten Sacken, 1862) *'' Gnorimoschema gibsoniella'' Busck, 1915 *'' Calycomyza solidaginis'' Kaltenbach, 1869 external link to gallformers Subspecies ;Subspecies *''Solidago rigida'' subsp. ''glabrata'' (E.L.Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viburnum Prunifolium
''Viburnum prunifolium'' (known as blackhaw or black haw, blackhaw viburnum, sweet haw, and stag bush) is a species of ''Viburnum'' native to eastern North America, from Connecticut west to eastern Kansas, and south to Alabama and Texas. Growth It is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing to tall with a short crooked trunk and stout spreading branches; in the northern parts of its range, it is a shrub, becoming a small tree in the southern parts of its range. The bark is reddish-brown, very rough on old stems. The branchlets are red at first, then green, finally dark brown tinged with red. The winter buds are coated with rusty tomentum. The flower buds ovate, 1 cm long, much larger than the axillary buds. The leaves are simple, arranged oppositely, up to 9 cm long and 6 cm broad, oval, ovate or orbicular, wedge-shaped or rounded at base, serrate, acute, with serrated edges with a grooved and slightly winged red petiole 1.5 cm long; they turn red in fall. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agastache Scrophulariifolia
''Agastache scrophulariifolia'', also known as the purple giant hyssop, is a perennial plant that grows throughout the United States and northern Ontario, Canada. Its name comes from the similarity of its leaves to plants of the genus ''Scrophularia''. It is a beneficial plant to pollinators and is noted for its medicinal properties, as many plants in the mint family are. It tends to grow in disturbed or open areas where it does not have to interact with non-native competitive plants. Description Individuals of this species are perennial herbs that can grow up to six feet tall. They are late-flowering species in the mint family. ''Agastache scrophulariifolia'' tends to have several spiked inflorescence. Flowers of ''Agastache scrophulariifolia'' do not all bloom simultaneously and range from lavender to pink in color. The dark brown fruit they produce is a nutlet. Similar species In many cases, herbal and landscape plants identified as ''A. scrophulariifolia'' are actually '' A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native Americans In The United States
Native Americans (also called American Indians, First Americans, or Indigenous Americans) are the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous peoples of the United States, particularly of the Contiguous United States, lower 48 states and Alaska. They may also include any Americans whose origins lie in any of the indigenous peoples of North or South America. The United States Census Bureau publishes data about "American Indians and Alaska Natives", whom it defines as anyone "having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America ... and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment". The census does not, however, enumerate "Native Americans" as such, noting that the latter term can encompass a broader set of groups, e.g. Native Hawaiians, which it tabulates separately. The European colonization of the Americas from 1492 resulted in a Population history of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, precipitous decline in the size of the Native American ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
