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Mephisto (novel)
''Mephisto – Novel of a Career'' is the sixth novel by German author Klaus Mann. The novel adapts themes from the Faust legend to follow the life of actor Hendrik Höfgen, a thinly disguised portrait of German actor Gustaf Gründgens. The actor abandons his conscience to ingratiate himself with the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazis), keep his job and improve his social positions. ''Mephisto'' was first published in 1936 by an ''Exilliteratur'' firm based in Amsterdam, while the author was in self-imposed exile from the Hitler regime. It was published for the first time in Germany in the East Berlin Aufbau-Verlag in 1956. An English translation, by Robin Smyth, was published in 1977. The novel was adapted into an award-winning film of the same title, released in 1981. Background Klaus Mann fled to exile in March 1933 to avoid political persecution by Hitler's regime. In Amsterdam he worked for the exile magazine ''Die Sammlung'', which attacked National Socia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klaus Mann
Klaus Heinrich Thomas Mann (18 November 1906 – 21 May 1949) was a German writer and dissident. He was the son of Thomas Mann, a nephew of Heinrich Mann and brother of Erika Mann (with whom he maintained a lifelong close relationship) and Golo Mann. Klaus moved to the United States to escape Nazism, and after training in counterintelligence as one of the Ritchie Boys, he served in Europe during World War II, becoming one of the first outsiders to witness the horrors of the concentration camps. His books '' Escape to Life'' (co-written with his sister Erika Mann), and ''The Turning Point'' have attained a historical importance as frequently cited primary documents of the experience of exile undergone by members of the German intelligentsia and arts community who fled the Third Reich. This genre is referred to as Exilliteratur. He is best known for his 1936 novel, ''Mephisto'', about an actor who sells his soul to the devil, by attaching his career to the rise of the Nazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faust Part One
''Faust: A Tragedy'' (, , or aust. The tragedy's first part is the first part of the tragic play ''Faust'' by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and is considered by many as the greatest work of German literature. It was first published in 1808. Synopsis The first part of ''Faust'' is not divided into acts, but is structured as a sequence of scenes in a variety of settings. After a dedicatory poem and a prelude in the theatre, the actual plot begins with a prologue in Heaven, where the Lord bets Mephistopheles, an agent of the Devil, that Mephistopheles cannot lead astray the Lord's favourite striving scholar, Dr. Faust. We then see Faust in his study, who, disappointed by the knowledge and results obtainable by science's natural means, attempts and fails to gain knowledge of nature and the universe by magical means. Dejected in this failure, Faust contemplates suicide, but is held back by the sounds of the beginning Easter celebrations. He joins his assistant Wagner for an Easter w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rowohlt Verlag
Rowohlt Verlag is a German publishing house based in Hamburg, with offices in Reinbek and Berlin. It has been part of the Georg von Holtzbrinck Group since 1982. The company has been dissolved and restarted twice since its creation in 1908. History Rowohlt Verlag was founded in 1908 in Leipzig by Ernst Rowohlt and was renamed to Kurt Wolff Verlag in February 1913. After Ernst Rowohlt was banned from the publishing industry in 1938, the company became a subsidiary of Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, until it was closed in 1943. On 9 November 1945, Rowohlt's oldest son, Heinrich Maria Ledig, relaunched the publishing house in Stuttgart. Notable authors * Paul Auster * Simone de Beauvoir * Wolfgang Borchert * Albert Camus * C. W. Ceram * A. J. Cronin * Buddy Elias * Jeffrey Eugenides * Hans Fallada * Jon Fosse * Jonathan Franzen * Max Goldt * Ernest Hemingway * Felicitas Hoppe * Siri Hustvedt * Heinrich Eduard Jacob * Elfriede Jelinek * Daniel Kehlmann * Imre Kertész * Georg Klein (Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aufbau-Verlag
Aufbau Verlag is a German publisher. It was founded in Berlin in 1945 and became the biggest publisher in East Germany (GDR). During that time it specialised in Socialist literature, socialist and Russian literature. Aufbau Verlag (officially styled as aufbau verlag or Aufbau Verlag) is a German publishing house. Established in 1945 in Berlin on behalf of the Cultural Association for the Democratic Renewal of Germany (Kulturbund zur demokratischen Erneuerung Deutschlands e.V.), it quickly became the largest literary publisher in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). In its early years, the publisher focused on the humanistic traditions of German culture, specializing in exile and anti-fascist literature, along with works on literary and philosophical topics. Over time, its catalog expanded to include classical world literature and contemporary German works. History Early years On August 16, 1945, Kurt Wilhelm, Heinz Willmann, Klaus Gysi, and Otto Schiele founded the “Aufbau-V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Germany
East Germany, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from Foundation of East Germany, its formation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with West Germany (FRG) on 3 October 1990. Until 1989, it was generally viewed as a communist state and described itself as a Socialist state, socialist "workers' and peasants' state". The Economy of East Germany, economy of the country was Central planning, centrally planned and government-owned corporation, state-owned. Although the GDR had to pay substantial war reparations to the Soviets, its economy became the most successful in the Eastern Bloc. Before its establishment, the country's territory was administered and occupied by Soviet forces following the Berlin Declaration (1945), Berlin Declaration abolishing German sovereignty in World War II. The Potsdam Agreement established the Soviet occupation zone in Germany, Soviet-occupied zone, bounded on the east b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissenting Opinion
A dissenting opinion (or dissent) is an Legal opinion, opinion in a legal case in certain legal systems written by one or more judges expressing disagreement with the majority opinion of the court which gives rise to its judgment. Dissenting opinions are normally written at the same time as the majority opinion and any concurring opinions, and are also delivered and published at the same time. A dissenting opinion does not create binding precedent nor does it become a part of case law, though they can sometimes be cited as a form of persuasive authority in subsequent cases when arguing that the court's Holding (law), holding should be limited or overturned. In some cases, a previous dissent is used to spur a change in the law, and a later case may result in a majority opinion adopting a particular understanding of the law formerly advocated in dissent. As with concurring opinions, the difference in opinion between dissents and majority opinions can often illuminate the precise hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dignity
Dignity is a human's contentment attained by satisfying physiological needs and a need in development. The content of contemporary dignity is derived in the new natural law theory as a distinct human good. As an extension of the Enlightenment-era concept of human rights, dignity is considered the right of a person to be valued and respected for their own sake, and to be treated ethically. In this context, it is of significance in morality, ethics, law and politics, and the term is often used to describe personal conduct as "behaving with dignity". Dignity is also recognized in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. In Article 1, it is stipulated that 'All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood'. Etymology The English word "dignity", attested from the early 13th century, comes from Latin concept of ', variously translated as "worthiness ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basic Law For The Federal Republic Of Germany
The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany () is the constitution of the Germany, Federal Republic of Germany. The West German Constitution was approved in Bonn on 8 May 1949 and came into effect on 23 May after having been approved by the occupying western Allies of World War II on 12 May. It was termed "Basic Law" (, ) to indicate that it was a provisional piece of legislation pending the reunification of Germany. However, when reunification took place in 1990, the Basic Law was retained as the definitive constitution of reunified Germany. Its original field of application ()—that is, the states that were initially included in the West Germany, Federal Republic of Germany—consisted of the three Western Allies' zones of occupation, but at the insistence of the Western Allies, formally excluded West Berlin. In 1990, the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, Two Plus Four Agreement between the two parts of Germany and all four Allies stipulated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Constitutional Court Of Germany
The Federal Constitutional Court ( ; abbreviated: ) is the supreme court, supreme constitutional court for the Germany, Federal Republic of Germany, established by the constitution or Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, Basic Law () of Germany. Since its inception with the beginning of the post-World War II republic, the court has been located in the city of Karlsruhe, which is also the seat of the Federal Court of Justice. The main task of the Federal Constitutional Court is judicial review, and it may declare legislation constitutionality, unconstitutional, thus rendering them ineffective. In this respect, it is similar to other supreme courts with judicial review powers, yet the court possesses a number of additional powers and is regarded as among the most interventionist and powerful national courts in the world. Unlike other supreme courts, the constitutional court is not an integral stage of the judicial or appeals process (aside from cases concerning const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Court Of Justice Of Germany
The Federal Court of Justice ( , ) is the highest court of civil and criminal jurisdiction in Germany. Its primary responsibility is the final appellate review of decisions by lower courts for errors of law. While, legally, a decision by the Federal Court of Justice is only binding with respect to the individual case in which it enters, '' de facto'' the court's interpretation of the law is followed by lower courts with almost no exception. Decisions handed down by the Federal Court of Justice can only be vacated by the Federal Constitutional Court for violating a provision of the German constitution, the Basic Law. In addition to the court's appellate duties, a few judges of the Federal Court of Justice act as investigating judges in criminal investigations led by the Public Prosecutor General for a small number of exceptional offenses (such as crimes against humanity and the formation of terrorist organisations). As such, they are responsible for issuing search and arres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Germany
West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republic after its capital city of Bonn, or as the Second German Republic. During the Cold War, the western portion of Germany and the associated territory of West Berlin were parts of the Western Bloc. West Germany was formed as a political entity during the Allied occupation of Germany after World War II, established from 12 States of Germany, states formed in the three Allied zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. At the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided between the Western and Eastern Bloc, Eastern blocs. Germany was divided into the two countries. Initially, West Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, representing itself as the sole democratically reorganised continuation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Gorski
Peter Gorski, (7 September 1921 – 3 March 2007) was a German film director. Early life Peter Gorski was born in Berlin, and was adopted in 1949 by the famous German actor Gustaf Gründgens. Career Gorski started his career in 1955 as the assistant director for the film '' Ripening Youth''. In 1960 Gorski directed the film ''Faust'', based on Goethe's ''Faust'' and adapted from the theater production at the Deutsches Schauspielhaus in Hamburg. The film starred his adoptive father Gustaf Gründgens as Mephistopheles, and was chosen as West Germany's official submission to the 33rd Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, but did not manage to receive a nomination. The film also won Gorski a Deutscher Filmpreis for an ''Outstanding Documentary or Cultural Film'' in 1961. Lawsuit In 1968, Peter Gorski, as Gustaf Gründgens’ sole heir, sued the ''Nymphenburger Verlagsbuchhandlung'' which had published the novel '' Mephisto'', which was loosely based on the life of his ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
