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Meir, Egypt
The necropolis of Meir () is an archaeological site in Middle Egypt in the Asyut Governorate located on the west bank of the Nile. Here are the graves of the nomarchs, mayors and priests of Cusae from the ancient Egyptian Old and Middle Kingdom. The cemetery is named after the village of Meir at situated some 5 kilometers to the northeast of the cemetery and some 7 kilometers southwest of el-Qusiya (ancient Cusae). Overview Meir was the functioning cemetery for Cusae, located in Egypt, approximately thirty to forty miles north of the city of Asyut. Meir functioned as an Old Kingdom– Middle Kingdom (6th–12th Dynasty) cemetery for the nomarchs of the fourteenth Nome of Upper Egypt. Below the hillside of the rock-cut tombs lies a cemetery that is specifically for the more common folk. The rock-cut tombs only functioned for nomarchs of the city of Cusae, which was a cult center for the Egyptian deity Hathor. Proof of Hathor worshiping was found on inscriptions on the walls of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governorates Of Egypt
Egypt is administratively organized under a dual system that may consist of either two or three tiers, with further subdivisions occasionally resulting in an additional layer. It follows a centralized system of local government, officially termed local administration, as it functions as a part of the executive branch of the government. Overview Egyptian law delineates the units of local governance as governorates, centers, cities, districts, and villages, each possessing legal personality. The legal framework establishes a dual system of local administration that alternates between a two-tier and a three-tier structure, depending on the characteristics of the governorate. At the top of the hierarchy are 27 governorates (singular: ', plural: '). Each governorate has a capital, typically its largest city, and is headed by a governor, appointed by the President of Egypt, serving at the president’s discretion. Governors hold the civilian rank of minister and report directl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Legrain
Georges Albert Legrain (4 October 1865, in Paris – 22 August 1917, in Luxor) was a French Egyptologist. Life and work From 1883 to 1890 Legrain was a student at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, but he also studied Egyptology at that time, attending lectures at the Sorbonne by famous scholars like Gaston Maspero. His first academic article, on the analysis of a Demotic papyrus, appeared in 1887. In 1898, he married Jeanne-Hélène Ducros, with whom he had 2 children. In 1892, he was offered the opportunity to go to Cairo as a member of the local Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale (IFAO) under Urbain Bouriant to work as archaeological draftsman and illustrator. Jacques de Morgan, the new head of the Service of Antiquities, was then preparing his ''Catalogue des Monuments et Inscriptions de l’Egypte''. Legrain worked on the first volume, dealing with the graffiti in the area of Aswan, where he also took part in the excavations. He spent many years with his rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niankh-Pepy-kem
Niankh-Pepy-kem (Ancient Egyptian: Niankh-Pepy the Black; {{fl., {{circa 2200 BC) was an important ancient Egyptian official who is known from his monumental and decorated rock-cut tomb at Meir in Middle Egypt. He lived around the end of the 6th Dynasty. Niankh-Pepy-kem is known to have had several important titles. He was royal sealer, ''sole friend'', and ''count'' (haty-a), as well as overseer of Upper Egypt. Niankh-Pepy-kem had several names. He was also called Niankh-Meryre-kem, Hepi-kem (Hepi the black) and Sobekhotep. Niankh-Pepy-kem was born into an influential local family. His father was Pepyankh-heri-ib (Pepyankh, the middle), in whose tomb Niankh-Pepy-kem is also depicted. The addition of ''kem'' (the black) to his name was most likely to distinguish Niankh-Pepy-kem from his father, who was also called Niankh-Pepy, and from his brother, also called Niankh-Pepy, but with the second name Hepi-djeser (hepi, the red). Niankh-Pepy-kem is mainly known from his tomb (A1) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Priestess Of Hathor
Priestess of Hathor or Prophetess of Hathor was the title of the Ordination of women#Ancient Egypt, Priestess of the goddess Hathor in the Temple of Dendera in Ancient Egypt. Title The title is known to be given during the Old Kingdom of Egypt, and was at that point very powerful and prestigious. The mummies of the priestesses testify that they were decorated with a religious tattoo, covering the stomach around the area of the uterus. After the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, the title was often irregularly awarded the women of the royal family, typically princesses. History The rise, fall and extinction of the priestesses of Hathor are seen in ancient Egyptian culture. The women who wanted to become socially powerful usually took refuge in religion and took the charge of priesthood. Ancient Egyptian society took women's empowerment much more loosely than ancient Greece and ancient Rome. There women were given the right to their own property. However, after becoming a priestess, a woma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iry-pat
Iry-pat ( "member of the elite") was an ancient Egyptian ranking title, that is a title announcing a high position in the hierarchy of the country. Iry-pat was indeed the highest ranking title at the royal court, and only the most important officials could bear this title. The title is already attested in the First Dynasty of Egypt, First Dynasty: one of the first holders was Merka (official), Merka,Toby Wilkinson: ''Early Dynastic Egypt'', London, New York , p. 148 official under king Qa'a. In the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom, the title was often the crown prince and the title announced that the holder was the second ruler in the country. It is therefore sometimes translated as ''Hereditary'' or ''Crown Prince''. Under Tutankhamun, Horemheb was officially designated the iry-pat or successor to this pharaoh but did not succeed the boy king since Ay (pharaoh), Ay intervened to seize the throne instead for about 4 years before Horemheb assumed power as pharaoh. References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overseer Of Upper Egypt
The Overseer of Upper Egypt was an important Ancient Egyptian title during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. The title appears first in the early Fifth Dynasty. The first title holder is the vizier Kay, who possibly lived during the reigns of Neferirkare Kakai and Nyuserre Ini. The office is well attested in the following years. Most titles holders had other high titles, many of them were viziers. In the Fifth Dynasty, the Egyptian provinces became more important. The central government A central government is the government that is a controlling power over a unitary state. Another distinct but sovereign political entity is a federal government, which may have distinct powers at various levels of government, authorized or deleg ... installed an office in charge of the provinces. The first title holders were all officials at the royal residence. In later times also local officials were bearing the title.Juan Carlos Moreno García: ''The territorial Administration of the Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naguib Kanawati
Naguib Kanawati (born 1941) is an Egyptian Australian Egyptologist and Professor of Egyptology at Macquarie University in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Early life Kanawati was born in Alexandria, Egypt to a Melkite Greek Catholic Church, Melkite Greek Catholic family of Syro-Lebanese in Egypt, Syro-Lebanese descent. Career A native of Alexandria, Egypt, he obtained a master's degree in business administration and later emigrated to Sydney, Australia, where he obtained his second Master's degree and Doctorate, both in Egyptology. He subsequently joined the academic staff of the university, as lecturer in History (1980–1983), and Associate Professor in Egyptology (1984–1990). From 1990, Kanawati became Macquarie University's first Professor in Egyptology and holds a Personal Chair in that subject. He was instrumental in the formation of the Rundle Foundation for Egyptian Archaeology in the late 1970s and was the founder, in 1989, of the Australian Centre for Egyptolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pepi II
Pepi II Neferkare ( 2284 BC – 2214 BC) was a pharaoh, king of the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt, Sixth Dynasty in Egypt's Old Kingdom. His second name, Neferkare (''Nefer-ka-Re''), means "Beautiful is the Ka (Egyptian soul), Ka of Re (Egyptian religion), Re". He succeeded to the throne at age six, after the death of Merenre Nemtyemsaf I, Nemtyemsaf I. Pepi II's reign marked a sharp decline of the Old Kingdom. As the power of the nomarchs grew, the power of the king declined. With no dominant central power, local nobles began raiding each other's territories and the Old Kingdom came to an end within a couple of years after the end of Pepi II's reign. This led to the First Intermediate Period of Egypt which lasted from the Seventh Dynasty of Egypt to the Tenth Dynasty of Egypt. He is thought to have been the world's longest-reigning monarch. According to the ancient historian Manetho (4th century BCE), he reigned for 94 years, and according to the Turin King List (13th century BCE), fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pepyankh The Middle
Pepyankh the Middle (Ancient Egyptian: Niankh-Pepy hry-ib; {{fl., {{circa 2200 BC) was an important ancient Egyptian vizier who is known from his monumental and decorated rock-cut tomb at Meir in Middle Egypt. He lived around the end of the 6th Dynasty. Pepyankh the Middle was a member of an important family that held important positions over several generations in the fourteenth Nome of Upper Egypt. Four different names are attested for himː Pepyankh the Middle, Meryre-ankh the Middle, Neferka, and Heny the Middle. As father is attested Hepi who was also called Sobekhotep. His mother was a woman called Bebi also called Pekhernefret. Several sons are depicted in his tombs. Niankh-Pepy-kem is also known from an important tomb and held many important positions in the province too. Other sons are Wekh-henen, Pepyankh/Neferkai, Pepyankh/Hepi-djeser, and Khuienwekh. The wife of Pepyankh the Middle was a woman called Hutiah with the second name Huti. 44 administrative religious and rank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th Dynasty
The Twelfth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty XII) is a series of rulers reigning from 1991–1802 BC (190 years), at what is often considered to be the apex of the Middle Kingdom (Dynasties XI–XIV). The dynasty periodically expanded its territory from the Nile delta and valley South beyond the second cataract and East into Canaan. The Twelfth Dynasty was marked by relative stability and development. It has a notably well recorded history for the period. Its first pharaoh was Amenemhat I and its final was Sobekneferu. History The chronology of the Twelfth Dynasty is the most stable of any period before the New Kingdom. The Turin Royal Canon gives 213 years (1991–1778 BC). Manetho stated that it was based in Thebes, but from contemporary records it is clear that the first king of this dynasty, Amenemhat I, moved its capital to a new city named "Amenemhat-itj-tawy" ("Amenemhat the Seizer of the Two Lands"), more simply called, Itjtawy. The location of Itjtawy has not bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Dynasty
The Sixth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty VI), along with the Third, Fourth and Fifth Dynasty, constitutes the Old Kingdom of Dynastic Egypt. History The Sixth Dynasty is considered by many authorities as the last dynasty of the Old Kingdom, although ''The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt'' includes Dynasties VII and VIII as part of the Old Kingdom. Manetho writes that these kings ruled from Memphis, since their pyramids were built at Saqqara, very close one to another. By the Fifth Dynasty, the religious institution had established itself as the dominant force in society; a trend of growth in the bureaucracy and the priesthood, and a decline in the pharaoh's power had been established during Neferirkare Kakai's reign. During Djedkare Isesi's rule, officials were endowed with greater authority—evidenced by the opulent private tombs they constructed—eventually leading to the creation of a feudal system in effect. These established trends—decentralization of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
