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Meerfelder Maar
The Meerfelder Maar is a maar by the village of Meerfeld not far from the town of Manderscheid in the Eifel in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Formation The maar is at least 30,000 years old and, according to the more recent information, is probably even 40,000 years old. In 1978 the lake deposits were investigated in order to determine its exact age. Numerous borings have been carried out in the Meerfelder Maar right up to the present day. It was formed by a huge underground phreatomagmatic explosion that happened when hot magma rose and struck a water-laden layer of rock. The explosive evaporation of the water crushed the surrounding rock and threw some of it upwards. The resulting hollow filled up again with rock and a funnel-shaped sink-hole formed at the surface. The magma chamber, from which the magma rose, lies about 2,000 to 6,000 metres below the Meerfelder Maar. Structure The whole crater has a diameter of 1,400 metres from east to west and 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark (1871)
The German mark (german: Goldmark ; sign: ℳ) was the currency of the German Empire, which spanned from 1871 to 1918. The mark was paired with the minor unit of the pfennig (₰); 100 pfennigs were equivalent to 1 mark. The mark was on the gold standard from 1871–1914, but like most nations during World War I, the German Empire removed the gold backing in August 1914, and gold and silver coins ceased to circulate. After the fall of the Empire due to the November Revolution of 1918, the mark was succeeded by the Weimar Republic's mark, derisively referred to as the Papiermark ("Paper mark") due to hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic from 1918–1923. History The introduction of the German mark in 1873 was the culmination of decades-long efforts to unify the various currencies used by the German Confederation.pp 205-218 https://books.google.com/books?id=GrJCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA205#v=onepage&q&f=false The Zollverein unified in 1838 the Prussian and South German curren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maars Of The Eifel
A maar is a broad, low- relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma). A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake which may also be called a maar. The name comes from a Moselle Franconian dialect word used for the circular lakes of the Daun area of Germany. Notes: * According to German Wikipedia's ''"Maar"'' article, in 1544 in his book ''Cosmographia'', Sebastian Münster (1488–1552) first applied the word "maar" (as ''Marh'') to the Ulmener Maar and the Laacher See. See: Sebastian Münster, ''Cosmographia'' (Basel, Switzerland: Heinrich Petri, 1544)p. 341. From p. 341: ''"Item zwen namhafftiger seen seind in der Eyfel / einer bey de schloß Ulmen / und ein ander bey dem Closter züm Laich / die seind sere tieff / habe kein ynflüß aber vil außflüß / die nennet man Marh unnd seind fischreich."'' (Also two noteworthy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lakes In Germany
The largest lake on German territory is Lake Constance, while Lake Müritz is the largest lake located entirely within German territory. List (incomplete) * Aartalsee * Binnenalster (Inner Alster Lake) * Brahmsee * Breitlingsee * Brombachsee * Bullensee * Chiemsee * Lake Constance (''Bodensee'') * Dümmersee * Edersee * Eibsee * Ellbogensee * Eschbach Reservoir * Fleesensee * Gelterswoogsee * Gothensee * Gottleuba Reservoir * Großer Labussee * Großer Müllroser See * Großer Priepertsee * Grunewaldsee * Halbendorfer See * Halterner See * Hengsteysee * Hohnsensee * Kellersee * Königssee (Bavaria) * Krumme Lanke * Kuhgrabensee * Mahndorfer See * Maschsee * Mechower See * Möhne Reservoir (''Möhnesee'') * Möserscher See * Müggelsee * Müritz * Norderteich * Oder Reservoir * Oker Reservoir * Orankesee * Parsteiner See * Pfaffenteich * Plauer See (Brandenburg) * Plauer See (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) * Plöner See * Plötzensee * Quenzsee * Röblinsee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturschutzgebiet
A ''Naturschutzgebiet'' (abbreviated NSG) is a category of protected area (nature reserve) within Germany's Federal Nature Conservation Act (the ''Bundesnaturschutzgesetz'' or ''BNatSchG''). Although often translated as 'Nature Reserve' in English, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) refers to them as 'Nature Conservation Areas'. It meets the criteria of an IUCN Category IV Habitat and Species Management Area.https://www.bfn.de/fileadmin/MDB/documents/themen/gebietsschutz/IUCN_Kat_Schutzgeb_Richtl_web.pdf Document of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation of Germany Points of law The use of the term ''Naturschutzgebiet'' or terms that could be confused with it for anything other than the legally protected areas is forbidden under this law. Signage Because legal restrictions are placed on activity within German nature reserves they have to be signed on the ground. Only by this means can e.g. walkers know that they are entering a nature reserve and may not e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fishing Licence
A fishing license (American English, US), fishing licence (British English, UK), or fishing permit is an administrative or legal mechanism employed by local governments to regulate fishing. Licensing is one mechanism of fisheries management commonly used in Western countries, and may be required for either commercial fishing, commercial or recreational fishing. Historical licensing In 1765, the Chinese Qing dynasty government required all fishing boat operators to obtain a fishing license under the ''aojia'' system that regulated coastal populations. The Tanka people, Dan boat people of Guangdong had to acquire a fishing license as early as 1729. The wooden license issued by the government was to be displayed on the bow or stern of a boat. The information on the license consisted of the name and age of the boat's owner, the ship's status as either a fishing or commercial vessel, the home port of the boat, crew and family members on board, the date the license was issued, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris (plant)
''Iris'' is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, ''iris'' is also widely used as a common name for all ''Iris'' species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is 'flags', while the plants of the subgenus '' Scorpiris'' are widely known as ' junos', particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower. The often-segregated, monotypic genera ''Belamcanda'' (blackberry lily, ''I. domestica''), ''Hermodactylus'' (snake's head iris, ''I. tuberosa''), and ''Pardanthopsis'' (vesper iris, '' I. dichotoma'') are currently included in ''Iris''. Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper ''The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems'' as an example of linear discriminant analysis. Description Irises are perennial plants, growing from creeping rhizomes (rhizomatous irises) or, in dri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Hemlock
''Cicuta'', commonly known as water hemlock, is a genus of four species of highly poisonous plants in the family Apiaceae. They are perennial herbaceous plants which grow up to tall, having distinctive small green or white flowers arranged in an umbrella shape (umbel). Plants in this genus may also be referred to as cowbane or poison parsnip. ''Cicuta'' is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, mainly North America and Europe, typically growing in wet meadows, along streambanks and other wet and marshy areas. These plants bear a close resemblance to other members in the family Apiaceae and may be confused with a number of edible or poisonous plants. The common name hemlock may also be confused with poison hemlock (''Conium maculatum''), or with the Hemlock tree. Water hemlock is considered one of North America's most toxic plants, being highly poisonous to humans. Three members of the genus contain a toxin named cicutoxin which causes central nervous system stim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nymphaea
''Nymphaea'' () is a genus of hardy and tender aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution. Many species are cultivated as ornamental plants, and many cultivars have been bred. Some taxa occur as introduced species where they are not native,''Nymphaea''. Flora of North America. and some are s.''Nymphaea''. The Jepson eFlora 2013. Plants of the genus are known commonly as water lilies, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schoenoplectus
''Schoenoplectus'' (club-rush ld World species bulrush or tule ew World species is a genus of plants in the sedges with a cosmopolitan distribution. Note that the name bulrush is also applied to species in the unrelated genus ''Typha'' as well as to other sedges. The genus ''Schoenoplectus'' was formerly considered part of '' Scirpus'', but recent phylogenetic data shows that they are not closely related. Species Species accepted: *'' Schoenoplectus acutus'' ( Muhl. ex J.M.Bigelow) Á.Löve & D.Löve – Tule – Canada, much of the United States; northern and central Mexico as far south as Michoacán; Clipperton Island. *'' Schoenoplectus americanus'' (Pers.) Volkart ex Schinz & R. Keller – Chairmaker's bulrush, Olney's bulrush – Much of Western Hemisphere from Alaska to Argentina including West Indies; also New Zealand *'' Schoenoplectus annamicus'' (Raymond) T.Koyama – Vietnam *''Schoenoplectus californicus'' ( C.A.Mey.) Steud. – California bulrush, giant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phragmites
''Phragmites'' () is a genus of four species of large perennial reed grasses found in wetlands throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world. Taxonomy The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, maintained by Kew Garden in London, accepts the following four species: * '' Phragmites australis'' ( Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. – cosmopolitan * '' Phragmites japonicus'' Steud. – Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Russian Far East * '' Phragmites karka'' ( Retz.) Trin. ex Steud. – tropical Africa, southern Asia, Australia, some Pacific Islands, invasive in New Zealand * '' Phragmites mauritianus'' Kunth – central + southern Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius The cosmopolitan common reed has the generally accepted botanical name ''Phragmites australis''. (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. About 130 other synonyms have been proposed. Examples include ''Phragmites communis'' Trin., ''Arundo phragmites'' L., and ''Phragmites vulgaris'' (Lam.) Crép. (illegitimate name). Wildlife in reed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typha
''Typha'' is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English British English (BrE, en-GB, or BE) is, according to Lexico, Oxford Dictionaries, "English language, English as used in Great Britain, as distinct from that used elsewhere". More narrowly, it can refer specifically to the English language in ... as bulrush or reedmace, in American English as reed, cattail, or punks, in Australia as cumbungi or bulrush, in Canada as bulrush or cattail, and in New Zealand as raupo. Other taxa of plants may be known as bulrush, including some Cyperaceae, sedges in ''Scirpus'' and related genera. The genus is largely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, where it is found in a variety of wetland habitats. The rhizomes are edible. Evidence of preserved starch grains on grinding stones suggests they were already eaten in Europe 30,000 years ago. Description ''Typha'' are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
