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Mecistocephalus Punctifrons
''Mecistocephalus'' is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, with about 140 species. This genus is among the most diverse and widespread of all the genera in the order Geophilomorpha. The British entomologist George Newport first proposed this genus in 1843 to contain a group of centipedes marked by an unusual elongation of the head. Description Centipedes in this genus range from 2 cm to 10 cm in length. The head, forcipular segment, and their appendages are often elongated, with a head that is obviously longer than wide. A pair of sclerotized teeth (spicula) project from the pleurites on the sides of the head. The coxosternite of the first maxillae is divided down the middle by a longitudinal suture, but the coxosternite of the second maxillae is undivided. The second maxillae reach beyond the first maxillae and are well developed with a simple claw. The forcipular tergum is slightly wider than long and divided down the middle by a longit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Newport
George Newport FRS (4 February 1803, Canterbury – 7 April 1854, London) was an English entomologist. He is especially noted for his studies utilizing the microscope and his skills in dissection. Biography He was the first of four children of William Newport (1777-1843), a local wheelwright, and Sarah Gillham. He was educated at London University and at the College of Surgeons. He was President of the Entomological Society of London (1843–1844) and also a member of the Ray Society. Newport was awarded with the Royal Medal 1836 and with the Royal Society Bakerian Medal 1841. He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery, London. Works He was one of the most skilled anatomists of his time, and his researches on the structure of insects and other arthropods are notable. His publications include: * ''On the Respiration of Insects'' (1836) * “Insecta,” in Todd's ''Cyclopædia of Anatomy and Physiology'' (1839) (128 pages) * ''On the Use of Antennæ of Insects'' (1840) * ''List of Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Punctifrons
''Mecistocephalus'' is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, with about 140 species. This genus is among the most diverse and widespread of all the genera in the order Geophilomorpha. The British entomologist George Newport first proposed this genus in 1843 to contain a group of centipedes marked by an unusual elongation of the head. Description Centipedes in this genus range from 2 cm to 10 cm in length. The head, forcipular segment, and their appendages are often elongated, with a head that is obviously longer than wide. A pair of sclerotized teeth (spicula) project from the pleurites on the sides of the head. The coxosternite of the first maxillae is divided down the middle by a longitudinal suture, but the coxosternite of the second maxillae is undivided. The second maxillae reach beyond the first maxillae and are well developed with a simple claw. The forcipular tergum is slightly wider than long and divided down the middle by a longit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tygarrup
''Tygarrup'' is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae. These centipedes are found mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia and southeast Asia and from Seychelles to Hawaii. The species in this genus have adapted to a broad range of habitats, from sea level to high mountains and from tropical rainforests to cold montane forests. The species '' Tygarrup javanicus'' has become an invasive in greenhouses in Europe. Taxonomy This genus was first described by the American biologist Ralph V. Chamberlin in 1914 to contain the newly discovered type species '' T. intermedius''. In 1942, the German zoologist Karl W. Verhoeff described ''Brahmaputrus'' as a new genus to contain the newly discovered type species ''B. poriger''. In 1968, however, the American myriapodologist Ralph E. Crabill deemed ''Brahmaputrus'' to be a junior synonym of ''Tygarrup''. Authorities now consider ''Tygarrup'' to be the valid name for ''Brahmaputrus''. Description Centi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology (from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ) "form", and λόγος (lógos) "word, study, research") is the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, color, pattern, size), as well as the form and structure of internal parts like bones and organs, i.e., anatomy. This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of the overall structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Fried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Microporus
''Mecistocephalus'' is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, with about 140 species. This genus is among the most diverse and widespread of all the genera in the order Geophilomorpha. The British entomologist George Newport first proposed this genus in 1843 to contain a group of centipedes marked by an unusual elongation of the head. Description Centipedes in this genus range from 2 cm to 10 cm in length. The head, forcipular segment, and their appendages are often elongated, with a head that is obviously longer than wide. A pair of sclerotized teeth (spicula) project from the pleurites on the sides of the head. The coxosternite of the first maxillae is divided down the middle by a longitudinal suture, but the coxosternite of the second maxillae is undivided. The second maxillae reach beyond the first maxillae and are well developed with a simple claw. The forcipular tergum is slightly wider than long and divided down the middle by a longit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Japonicus
''Mecistocephalus japonicus'' is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is notable for featuring 63 or 65 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus '' Mecistocephalus''. This centipede is one of only a few species in the genus ''Mecistocephalus'' or in the family Mecistocephalidae with more than 55 leg pairs. This centipede is also one of only a few species in this family to exhibit any variation in leg number among specimens. This species is found from the island of Honshu in Japan to Taiwan. Discovery and taxonomy This species was first described in 1886 by the Danish zoologist Frederik V.A. Meinert. He based the original description of this species on a female holotype with 63 pairs of legs found on the island of Kyushu in Japan. The type material is deposited in the Zoological Museum of University of Copenhagen in Denmark. In 1895, the British zoologist Reginald I. Pocock described ''M. mirandus'' as a n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Diversisternus
''Mecistocephalus diversisternus'' is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is notable for featuring 57 or 59 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus '' Mecistocephalus''. This centipede is one of only a few species in the genus ''Mecistocephalus'' or in the family Mecistocephalidae with more than 55 leg pairs. This centipede is also one of only a few species in this family to exhibit any variation in leg number among specimens. This species is found from the island of Honshu in Japan to Taiwan. Discovery and taxonomy This species was first described under the name ''Lamnonyx diversisternus'' in 1919 by the Italian zoologist Filippo Silvestri based on a male holotype with 57 pairs of legs, which he collected on the island of Honshu in Japan. The type material is deposited in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria in Genoa, Italy. In 1920, the American biologist Ralph V. Chamberlain placed this sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Spissus
''Mecistocephalus spissus'' is a species of soil centipede in the Mecistocephalidae family. The American biologist Horatio Curtis Wood first described this species in 1862 based on type material found in Kauai or Oahu in Hawaii. This centipede has only 45 pairs of legs, the minimum number recorded in the genus '' Mecistocephalus''. This species was the first in this genus to be discovered with such a modest number of legs. Distribution The species is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. This centipede is found on most of the major islands, mainly in mountainous areas. Published records report finds on Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, Molokai, Necker, and Oahu. Phylogeny A phylogenetic analysis of the family Mecistocephalidae based on morphology places this species in a clade with '' M. nannocornis'', which was the second species in the genus Mecistocephalus to be discovered with only 45 leg pairs. This analysis also places this clade on the most basal branch of a phylogenetic tree of this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Nannocornis
''Mecistocephalus nannocornis'' is a species of soil centipede in the Mecistocephalidae family. This centipede has only 45 pairs of legs, the minimum number recorded in the genus '' Mecistocephalus''. This centipede was the second species in this genus to be discovered with such a modest number of legs. Discovery and taxonomy This species was first described in 1920 by the American biologist Ralph V. Chamberlin. He based the original description of this species on a female holotype found by the American biologist Charles F. Baker on Mount Makiling on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. This holotype is deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In 1961, the Japanese myriapodologist Keizaburo Shinohara described ''M. manazurensis'' as a new species in the same genus. Shinohara based this description on specimens collected from the town of Manazuru in the Kanagawa prefecture on the island of Honshu in Japan. In 2007, the Italian biologists Marc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Tahitiensis
''Mecistocephalus tahitiensis'' is a species of centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is found in Australia and on islands in the Pacific. This species features only 47 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus '' Mecistocephalus''. Discovery and taxonomy This species was first described in 1862 by the American myriapodologist Horatio Wood. He based the original description of this centipede on type material found among the specimens in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution. The American biologist William Stimpson collected this material on the island of Tahiti in French Polynesia. In 1887, the German zoologist Erich Haase described a variety of this species found on the island of Viti Levu in Fiji and named this subspecies ''M. tahitiensis porosus''. In 1920, the American biologist Ralph V. Chamberlin deemed ''M. tahitiensis porosus'' to be a junior synonym of ''M. tahitiensis''. Since then, other authorities have ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecistocephalus Angusticeps
''Mecistocephalus angusticeps'' is species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is found in Kenya, Seychelles, and the Chagos Archipelago. This species features only 47 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus '' Mecistocephalus''. Taxonomy and distribution The French zoologist Henri Ribaut first described this species in 1914 based on a single adult female specimen found in 1911 in one of the Shimoni caves at sea level on the coast of Kenya. Ribaut originally described this species under the name ''Lamnonyx angusticeps''. In 1920, the American biologist Ralph V. Chamberlain moved this species to the genus ''Mecistocephalus''. Since then, this species has been found on several islands in the Indian Ocean. Finds have been recorded on islands in Seychelles (on Curieuse island, on Praslin island, and on Picard island and elsewhere on the Aldabra atoll) and on the Egmont Atoll in the Chagos Archipelago. Phylogeny A p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
