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Meandropsinidae
Meandropsinidae is an extinct family of miliolid forams Foraminifera (; Latin for "hole bearers"; informally called "forams") are single-celled organisms, members of a phylum or class of amoeboid protists characterized by streaming granular ectoplasm for catching food and other uses; and commonly an ... found in Upper Cretaceous ( Cenomanian) to middle Paleocene marine sediments. Tests, or shells, are multi-chambered with complex interiors, composed of porcelaineous calcite and variable in form, including discoidal, conical, and cylindrical. Apertures are multiple, in one or more rows. Genera Genera included in Meandropsinidae: * †'' Alexina'' Hottinger & Caus, 2009 * †'' Ayalaina'' Seiglie, 1961 * †'' Eofallotia'' Hottinger & Caus, 2009 * †'' Fallotia'' Douvillé, 1902 * †'' Fascispira'' A. Silvestri, 1940 * †'' Hottingerina'' Drobne, 1975 * †'' Larrazetia'' Ciry, 1964 * †'' Meandropsina'' Munier-Chalmas, 1898 * †'' Nummofallotia'' Barri ...
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Soritoidea
The Soritoidea are a group of miliolid benthic foraminifera with porcellaneous tests. They take on a variety of growth forms but typically have many chambers. Some soritids can grow over a centimeter across, huge for protists. All Soritoidea keep algal endosymbionts, which may be what allows them to achieve such large sizes. Some species have red algal symbionts, some have green algal symbionts, and others dinoflagellate symbionts. These larger symbiont-bearing foraminifera are typically found in the oligotroph An oligotroph is an organism that can live in an environment that offers very low levels of nutrients. They may be contrasted with copiotrophs, which prefer nutritionally rich environments. Oligotrophs are characterized by slow growth, low rates o ...ic waters of the tropics. The species '' Marginopora vertebralis'' occupies similar habitats to reef-building corals, and may have an ecological relationship with the corals, serving as an alternate host to the zooxanth ...
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Cenomanian
The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in the stratigraphic column deposited during the corresponding age. Both age and stage bear the same name. As a unit of geologic time measure, the Cenomanian Age spans the time between 100.5 and 93.9 million years ago (Mya). In the geologic timescale, it is preceded by the Albian and is followed by the Turonian. The Upper Cenomanian starts around at 95 Mya. The Cenomanian is coeval with the Woodbinian of the regional timescale of the Gulf of Mexico and the early part of the Eaglefordian of the regional timescale of the East Coast of the United States. At the end of the Cenomanian, an anoxic event took place, called the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli event", that is associated with a minor extinction event for ...
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