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Mazaruni River
The Mazaruni River is a tributary of the Essequibo River in northern Guyana. Its source is in the remote western forests of the Pakaraima Mountains and its confluence with the Cuyuni River is near Bartica. As it descends from the Guiana Highlands the river runs south-east, past Issano, then northward to Bartica. The river is a source of alluvial gold. Sources The river takes source in the Roraima Plateau, three levels of sandstones and conglomerates, crowned by Monte Roraima, Mt. Roraima (). In Guyana, the two highest levels of the Roraima Plateau are known as Pakaraima, Pakaraima Mountains and Merume Mountains. The source of the Mazarunu River is in the Merume Mountains. The area is one of the very few places in the world still inaccessible. In 1992, a joint expedition of the Guyana Defence Force and Welsh Guards members was unable to reach the source of Mazaruni River, even with training, finances and equipment. Course The river drops down from each Roraima plateau throu ...
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Guyana
Guyana, officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic British West Indies. entry "Guyana" Georgetown, Guyana, Georgetown is the capital of Guyana and is also the country's largest city. Guyana is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Brazil to the south and southwest, Venezuela to the west, and Suriname to the east. With a land area of , Guyana is the third-smallest sovereign state by area in mainland South America after Uruguay and Suriname, and is the List of South American countries by population, second-least populous sovereign state in South America after Suriname; it is also List of countries and dependencies by population density, one of the least densely populated countries on Earth. The official language of the country is English language, English, although a large part of the population is bilingual in English and the indigenous languages. It has a wide variety of natural habitats and ...
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Guyana Defence Force
The Guyana Defence Force (GDF) is the military of Guyana, established in 1965. It has military bases across the nation. The Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Force is always the incumbent President of Guyana. The branches include the Army, Air Force, and Coast Guard. Although a small nation, recent petro wealth has destabilized the region, re-igniting border disputes inherited from the colonial period. History The nation of Guyana became independent in the 1960s, before that defense was the responsibility of the United Kingdom. A modest defense force for small country, is back-dropped by alliances with major regional players including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Brazil. Guyanese forces participated in the multinational 1994 mission to Hati. Twentieth century The GDF was formed on 1 November 1965. Members of the new Defence Force were drawn from the British Guiana Volunteer Force (BGVF), Special Service Unit (SSU), British Guiana Police Force (BGPF) and civilians ...
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Brachyplatystoma
''Brachyplatystoma'' is a genus of catfish from the family Pimelodidae sometimes collectively termed the goliath catfishes. As this common name indicates, this genus includes some of the largest species of catfish, including the piraíba, ''B. filamentosum'', which reaches up to in length; though the other species (and indeed most individuals of ''B. filamentosum'') don't reach this length. ''Brachyplatystoma'' are found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and other tropical freshwater and brackish habitats in South America. All species are migratory, which makes them important as food fish across their wide range. Some are also kept as aquarium fish. Classification ''Brachyplatystoma'' is derived from the Greek words '' brachy'', '' platy'', and ''stoma'', which mean "short", "flat", and "mouth", respectively. This genus was described in 1862 by Pieter Bleeker. ''Brachyplatystoma'' and its monotypic sister species '' Platynematichthys'' are the only genera in the tribe B ...
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Fish
A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can be grouped into the more basal (phylogenetics), basal jawless fish and the more common jawed fish, the latter including all extant taxon, living cartilaginous fish, cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as the extinct placoderms and acanthodians. In a break to the long tradition of grouping all fish into a single Class (biology), class (Pisces), modern phylogenetics views fish as a paraphyletic group. Most fish are ectotherm, cold-blooded, their body temperature varying with the surrounding water, though some large nekton, active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher core temperature. Many fish can communication in aquatic animals#Acoustic, communicate acoustically with each other, such as during courtship displays. The stud ...
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Iron Hydroxide
An iron oxide is a chemical compound composed of iron and oxygen. Several iron oxides are recognized. Often they are non-stoichiometric. Ferric oxyhydroxides are a related class of compounds, perhaps the best known of which is rust. Iron oxides and oxyhydroxides are widespread in nature and play an important role in many geological and biological processes. They are used as iron ores, pigments, catalysts, and in thermite, and occur in hemoglobin. Iron oxides are inexpensive and durable pigments in paints, coatings and colored concretes. Colors commonly available are in the " earthy" end of the yellow/orange/red/brown/black range. When used as a food coloring, it has E number E172. Stoichiometries Iron oxides feature as ferrous ( Fe(II)) or ferric ( Fe(III)) or both. They adopt octahedral or tetrahedral coordination geometry. Only a few oxides are significant at the earth's surface, particularly wüstite, magnetite, and hematite. * Oxides of FeII ** FeO: iron(II) oxid ...
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Eping River
The Eping River is a tributary of the Kamarang River in Region 8 of Guyana. The area is a part of the Roraima Basin, which is an area rich in gold deposits and has been extensively mined. Eping Landing is a small settlement along the river. The river runs by Mt. Raschaxe a tepui in the Merume mountain range. Plants first collected in the surrounding area include psychotria sandwithiana (a flowering plant), rhynchocladium stayermarkii, compsoneura ulei (tree). See also *List of rivers of Guyana This is a list of rivers in Guyana. By drainage basin This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name. Atlantic Ocean *''Amazon River'' (Brazil) **''Negro River'' (Brazil) ***''Branc ... * Mining in Guyana References Bibliography *Rand McNally, ''The New International Atlas'', 1993. Rivers of Guyana {{Guyana-river-stub ...
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Kurupung River
The Kurupung River is a tributary of the middle Mazaruni River in Guyana. Kumerau Falls is a feature of the river. Mineral resources The area around the river has been used for diamond mining. It was the location for Guyana's first diamond rush of the 1920s. The largest stone recorded as found weighed 29 and five-sixteenth carats and was brought to the commissioner of lands and mines in 1921. It was called 'Kurupung' and bought for USD $4000. U3O8 Corp of Canada prospected for uranium in the Kurupung batholith around 2010. Settlement Kurupung is a mining village along the river. Since the 1970s, the Kurupung River has been of interest for a possible hydroelectric dam. The project was criticized by the Akawaio, because it would flood out their communities. In 2013, Sandspring Resources signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the government of Guyana giving the company the exclusive right to develop the Kurupung River Hydroelectric Project, estimated to produce 100 megaw ...
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Meamu River
The Meamu River is a river of Guyana. See also *List of rivers of Guyana This is a list of rivers in Guyana. By drainage basin This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name. Atlantic Ocean *''Amazon River'' (Brazil) **''Negro River'' (Brazil) ***''Branc ... References *Rand McNally, ''The New International Atlas'', 1993. Rivers of Guyana {{Rivers of Guyana ...
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Guiana Shield
The Guiana Shield (; ; ; ) is one of the three cratons of the South American Plate. It is a 1.7 billion-year-old Precambrian geological formation in northeast South America that forms a portion of the northern coast. The higher elevations on the shield are called the Guiana Highlands, which is where the table-like mountains called tepuis are found. The Guiana Highlands are also the source of some of the world's most well-known waterfalls such as Angel Falls, Kaieteur Falls and Cuquenan Falls. The Guiana Shield underlies Guyana (previously ''British Guiana''), Suriname (previously ''Dutch Guiana''), and French Guiana (or ''Guyane''), much of southern Venezuela, as well as parts of Colombia and Brazil. The rocks of the Guiana Shield consist of metasediments and metavolcanics ( greenstones) overlain by sub-horizontal layers of sandstones, quartzites, shales and conglomerates intruded by sills of younger mafic intrusives such as gabbros. Geology The oldest rocks in the ...
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Isseneru
Isseneru is an Amerindian settlement in the Cuyuni-Mazaruni region of Guyana, approximately 15–20 miles west of Kurupung. It is a community of about 300 mainly Akawaio people, Akawaio Amerindians, living among the hilly, forested banks of the Mazaruni River. Gold mining is a major economic activity in the area. Isseneru received land title around 2007, and demarcation was completed 2009. Known as ‘Issululu’ in Akawaio, the name means 'mass grave'. The name came from an event in which many people died from an unknown illness. Malaria is a common affliction among residents, and the remoteness affects the availability of medicine. Jaguar attacks can occur as a result of land encroachment by humans. Public services and economy The village has a multi-purpose centre, guest house, and a benab for gatherings and a recreation area. It also has a health centre, an Alleluia church that also has services for Seven Days Adventists and Anglicans, and primary school. Students from Isse ...
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Amerindian
In the Americas, Indigenous peoples comprise the two continents' pre-Columbian inhabitants, as well as the ethnic groups that identify with them in the 15th century, as well as the ethnic groups that identify with the pre-Columbian population of the Americas as such. These populations exhibit significant diversity; some Indigenous peoples were historically hunter-gatherers, while others practiced agriculture and aquaculture. Various Indigenous societies developed complex social structures, including pre-contact monumental architecture, organized city, cities, city-states, chiefdoms, state (polity), states, monarchy, kingdoms, republics, confederation, confederacies, and empires. These societies possessed varying levels of knowledge in fields such as Pre-Columbian engineering in the Americas, engineering, Pre-Columbian architecture, architecture, mathematics, astronomy, History of writing, writing, physics, medicine, Pre-Columbian agriculture, agriculture, irrigation, geology, minin ...
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Decompression Sickness
Decompression sickness (DCS; also called divers' disease, the bends, aerobullosis, and caisson disease) is a medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from Solution (chemistry), solution as bubbles inside the body tissues during Decompression (diving), decompression. DCS most commonly occurs during or soon after a decompression ascent from underwater diving, but can also result from other causes of depressurisation, such as emerging from a Caisson (engineering), caisson, decompression from Saturation diving, saturation, flying in an Cabin pressurization, unpressurised aircraft at high altitude, and extravehicular activity from spacecraft. DCS and Air embolism, arterial gas embolism are collectively referred to as decompression illness. Since bubbles can form in or migrate to any part of the body, DCS can produce many symptoms, and its effects may vary from joint pain and rashes to paralysis and death. DCS often causes air bubbles to settle in major joints like knee ...
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