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Mazarinettes
The Mazarinettes were the seven nieces of Cardinal Jules Mazarin, (1639–1661), chief minister to the Kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV of France from 1642 until his death. They were the daughters of the cardinal's two sisters, Laura Margherita (died 1685), the wife of Girolamo Martinozzi, and Girolama, (1614–1656), the wife of Michele Lorenzo Mancini. In 1647, Mazarin brought Laura Margherita and her two daughters, ten-year-old Anne Marie and eight-year-old Laura from Italy to Paris, then, in 1650, when Girolama was widowed, she moved to France, too, with her five daughters and three sons: thirteen-year-old Laura and Paul Jules, eleven-year-old Olympia, ten-year-old Marie, nine-year-old Philippe, six-year-old Alfonso, four-year-old Hortense, and one-year-old Marie Anne. Mazarin wished to establish a dynasty in France and secure his legacy through advantageous marriages, but could have no children of his own as a member of the Catholic clergy. He also wanted to surround him ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Marie Martinozzi
Anne Marie Martinozzi, Princess of Conti (1637 – 4 February 1672) was a French aristocrat and court official. She was a niece of King Louis XIV of France's chief minister Cardinal Mazarin, and the wife of Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti. She became the mother of the libertine François Louis, Prince of Conti, ''le Grand Conti''. Her marriage to the Prince of Conti made her a '' princesse du Sang''. She served as '' Surintendante de la Maison de la Reine'' for the queen dowager, Anne of Austria, between 1657 and 1666. Biography Anne Marie Martinozzi was born in Rome to Girolamo Martinozzi of Fano and Laura Margherita Mazzarini, the daughter of Pietro Mazzarini who served as a constable of Constable Colonna and Ortensia Bufalini. She was the elder sister of Jules Mazarin, who was Cardinal and Prime Minister during the minority of Louis XIV of France. Her paternal grandparents were Vinzenco Martinozzi, who had served as Majordomo at the Court of Cardinal Francesco Bar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinal Mazarin
Jules Mazarin (born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino or Mazarini; 14 July 1602 – 9 March 1661), from 1641 known as Cardinal Mazarin, was an Italian Catholic prelate, diplomat and politician who served as the chief minister to the Kings of France Louis XIII and Louis XIV from 1642 to his death. He was made a cardinal in 1641. After serving as a papal diplomat for Pope Urban VIII, Mazarin offered his diplomatic services to Cardinal Richelieu and moved to Paris in 1640. After the death of Richelieu in 1642, Mazarin took his place as first minister of Louis XIII, and then of Louis XIV, when he succeeded to the throne in 1643. Mazarin acted as the head of the government for Anne of Austria, the regent for the young Louis XIV, and was also responsible for the king's education until he came of age. The first years of Mazarin in office were marked by military victories in the Thirty Years' War, which he used to make France the main European power and establish the Peace of Westphalia (1646� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olympia Mancini
Olympia Mancini, Countess of Soissons (French: ''Olympe Mancini''; 11 July 1638 – 9 October 1708) was the second-eldest of the five celebrated Mancini sisters, who along with two of their female Martinozzi cousins, were known at the court of King Louis XIV of France as the Mazarinettes because their uncle was Louis XIV's chief minister, Cardinal Mazarin. Olympia was later to become the mother of the famous Austrian general Prince Eugene of Savoy. She also involved herself in various court intrigues including the notorious Affair of the Poisons, which led to her expulsion from France. Family and early years Olympia Mancini was born on 11 July 1638 and grew up in Rome. Her father was Baron Lorenzo Mancini, an Italian aristocrat who was also a necromancer and astrologer. After his death in 1650, her mother, Geronima Mazzarini, brought her daughters from Rome to Paris in the hope of using the influence of her brother, Cardinal Mazarin, to gain them advantageous marriages. The ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girolama Mazzarini
Girolama or Geronima Mazarini (1608 or 1614 – 29 December 1656) was the sister of Cardinal Mazarin, the chief minister of France at the start of the reign of King Louis XIV of France. She was the mother of the five famous Mancini sisters, who with two of their female Martinozzi cousins, became famous at the French court as the Mazarinettes. Early life Born in Rome, Geronima was the daughter of Pietro Mazzarini and Ortensia Bufalini. Her father struggled to provide for his six children until joining the staff of the great Constable of Naples and prince of Paliano, Filippo I Colonna. Thanks to his skill, he won over Colonna, and benefited from the prince's protection of each of his children. Family and issue Geronima married an Italian aristocrat, Baron Lorenzo Mancini, (1602–1650), son of Paolo Lucio Mancini and Vittoria Capoccii, on 6 August 1634. Her husband was known as a necromancer and astrologer. They had ten children: * Laura Mancini (1636–1657); married Louis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand De Bourbon, Prince Of Conti
Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (11 October 162926 February 1666), was a French nobleman, the younger son of Henri II, Prince of Condé and Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency, daughter of Henri I, Duke of Montmorency. He was the brother of '' le Grand Condé'' and Anne Geneviève, Duchess of Longueville. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a '' Prince du Sang''. Life Early life Armand de Bourbon was born October 11, 1629 in Paris. The title of Prince of Conti was revived in his favor at the time of his birth. With the title Armand also inherited the Château de L'Isle-Adam and its estate, which had been passed down to his mother Charlotte Marguerite after the death of her brother, Henri II de Montmorency whom had been executed due to Cardinal Richelieu´s intrigues. Conti's god-father was the Cardinal Richelieu whom he was also named Armand after. His godmother was his aunt by marriage Marie-Félicie des Ursins, Duchess of Montmorency. Conti´s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laura Mancini
Laura Mancini, Duchess of Mercœur (6 May 1636 – 8 February 1657) was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin. She was the eldest of the five famous Mancini sisters, who along with two of their female Martinozzi cousins, were known at the court of Louis XIV of France as the '' Mazarinettes''. She married Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme, grandson of King Henry IV and was the mother of the great general the Duke of Vendôme. Biography Laura was the eldest daughter of Baron Lorenzo Mancini, brother-in-law of Cardinal Mazarin through his wife Girolama Mazzarini. She received the name ''Vittoria'' honour of her paternal grandmother, Vittoria Capoccii. The eldest of ten children, through the influence of her uncle, the personal advisor of Louis XIII of France, Laura and her family were invited to France, leaving Rome in 1653 following the death of her father along with their cousins Laura and Anna Maria. The family resided in the Palais Royal in Paris, home of Queen Anne and her s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinal Mazarin By Pierre Mignard (Musée Condé)
Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to * Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae ***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of eastern North America ***Pyrrhuloxia or desert cardinal, ''Cardinalis sinuatus'', found in southwest North America ***Vermilion cardinal, ''Cardinalis phoeniceus'', found in Colombia and Venezuela * Cardinal (Catholic Church), a senior official of the Catholic Church **Member of the College of Cardinals * Cardinal Health, a health care services company * Cardinal number ** Large cardinal * Cardinal direction, one of the four primary directions: north, south, east, and west * Arizona Cardinals, an American professional football team * St. Louis Cardinals, an American professional baseball team Cardinal or The Cardinal may also refer to: Animals Birds In addition to the aforementioned cardinalids: * ''Paroaria'', a South American genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poison Affair
The Affair of the Poisons (, ) was a major murder scandal in France during the reign of King Louis XIV. Between 1677 and 1682, a number of prominent members of the aristocracy were implicated and sentenced on charges of poisoning and witchcraft. The scandal reached into the inner circle of the king. It led to the execution of 36 people. Context and origin In 1672, upon the natural death of cavalry officer Godin de Sainte-Croix, an inventory of his papers revealed a box containing nine letters from his mistress, the Marquise de Brinvilliers, as well as the marquise's acknowledgment of a debt amounting to 30,000 livres. This box also contained various vials which, after being analyzed by an apothecary, were found to have contained various poisons that left little trace in the body. The case began in 1675 after the trial of Madame de Brinvilliers, who was accused of having conspired with her lover, army captain , to poison her father Antoine Dreux d'Aubray in 1666 and two o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libertine
A libertine is a person questioning and challenging most moral principles, such as responsibility or Human sexual activity, sexual restraints, and will often declare these traits as unnecessary, undesirable or evil. A libertine is especially someone who ignores or even spurns accepted morals and forms of behaviour observed by the larger society. The values and practices of libertines are known collectively as libertinism or ''libertinage'' and are described as an extreme form of hedonism or liberalism. Libertines put value on physical pleasures, meaning those experienced through the senses. As a philosophy, libertinism gained new-found adherents in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, particularly in France and Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. Notable among these were John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, Cyrano de Bergerac, and the Marquis de Sade. History of the term The word ''libertine'' was originally coined by John Calvin to negatively describe opponents of his pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Louis De Bourbon, Prince De Conti
François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * François Amoudruz (1926–2020), French resistance fighter * François-Marie Arouet (better known as Voltaire; 1694–1778), French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher * François Beauchemin (born 1980), Canadian ice hockey player for the Anaheim Ducks * François Blanc (1806–1877), French entrepreneur and operator of casinos * François Bonlieu (1937–1973), French alpine skier * François Cevert (1944–1973), French racing driver * François Chau (born 1959), Cambodian American actor * François Clemmons (born 1945), American singer and actor * François Corbier (1944–2018), French television presenter and songwriter * François Coty (1874–1934), French perfumer * François Coulomb the Elder (1654–1717), French naval architect * François Coulomb the Younger (1691–1751), French naval architect * François Couperin (1668–17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princes Of Conti
Prince of Conti (French: ''prince de Conti'') was a French noble title, assumed by a cadet branch of the princely house of Princes of Condé, Bourbon-Condé. History The title derives its name from Conty, a small town in northern France, c. 35 km southwest of Amiens, which came into the Bourbon-Condé family by the marriage of Louis I, Prince of Condé, Louis de Bourbon, first Prince of Condé, with Eléanor de Roucy de Roye, Eleanor de Roye in 1551. François, Prince of Conti, François de Bourbon (1558–1614), the third son of this marriage, was given the title of ''marquis de Conti'' and was later elevated to the rank of ''prince de Conti''. He died in 1614 and the title lapsed, since his only child had predeceased him in 1610. In 1629, the title of Prince of Conti was revived in favor of Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, Armand de Bourbon (1629–1666), second son of Henry II, Prince of Condé, and brother of Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, Louis, the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surintendante De La Maison De La Reine
''Surintendante de la Maison de la Reine'' (, ), or only ''Surintendante'', was the senior lady-in-waiting at the royal court of France from 1619 until the French revolution. The ''Surintendante'' was selected from the members of the highest French nobility. History The office was created in 1619. Nadine Akkerman & Birgit Houben, eds. ''The Politics of Female Households: Ladies-in-waiting across Early Modern Europe''. Leiden: Brill, 2013 The Surintendante and the '' Governess of the Children of France'' were the only female office holders in France to give an oath of loyalty to the King himself.Jeroen Frans Jozef Duindam: ''Vienna and Versailles: The Courts of Europe's Dynastic Rivals, 1550-1780''. The surintendante had about the same tasks as the '' Première dame d'honneur'': receiving the oath of the female personnel before they took office and supervising them and the queen's daily routine, as well as organizing the accounts and staff list, but she was placed in rank above ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
