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Maurice Spata
Muriki or Maurice Shpata ({{langx, sq, Muriq Shpata; {{floruit, 1399–1414) was the ruler of Arta from late 1399/early 1400 until his death in 1414 or 1415. Muriq’s reign was dominated by his wars with Carlo I Tocco. Muriq was able to defend his capital of Arta, but despite some victories failed to prevent the fall of Ioannina to Tocco. As a result, his brother Yaqub Shpata who succeeded him was defeated in October 1416, ending the Despotate of Arta. Life Muriq was a scion of the Albanian Shpata family. He was a grandson of Gjin Bua Shpata, the first Albanian ruler of Arta. He was born in the 14th century in Arta during its time under the Despotate of Arta. He had one brother, Yaqub Shpata, and two half-siblings from his mother's second marriage, Charles Marchesano and Maddalena.{{sfn, PLP, loc=26524. Σπάτας Μουρίκης{{sfn, PLP, loc=5969. Εἰρήνη{{sfn, Nicol, 1984, p=255 Shortly before Gjin died on 29 October 1399, he appointed his brother, Skurra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Despotate Of Arta
The Despotate of Arta (; ) was a despotate established by Albanians, Albanian rulers during the 14th century, after the defeat of the local Despot of Epirus, Nikephoros II Orsini, by Albanian tribesmen in the Battle of Achelous (1359), Battle of Achelous in 1359. The Despotate ceased to exist in 1416, when it passed to Carlo I Tocco.''Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium'', p. 191''Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium'', p. 53 History Creation In the late spring of 1359, Nikephoros II Orsini, the last Despotate of Epirus#Rulers of Epirus, despot of Epirus of the Orsini dynasty, fought against the Albanians near river Achelous River, Acheloos, Aetolia. The Albanians won the Battle of Achelous (1359), battle and managed to create two new states in the southern territories of the Despotate of Epirus. Because a number of Albanian lords actively supported the successful Serbian campaign in Thessaly and Epirus, the Serbian Tsar granted them specific regions and offered them the Byzantine title of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Map Of The Southern Balkans, 1410
A map is a symbolic depiction of interrelationships, commonly spatial, between things within a space. A map may be annotated with text and graphics. Like any graphic, a map may be fixed to paper or other durable media, or may be displayed on a transitory medium such as a computer screen. Some maps change interactively. Although maps are commonly used to depict geographic elements, they may represent any space, real or fictional. The subject being mapped may be two-dimensional such as Earth's surface, three-dimensional such as Earth's interior, or from an abstract space of any dimension. Maps of geographic territory have a very long tradition and have existed from ancient times. The word "map" comes from the , wherein ''mappa'' meant 'napkin' or 'cloth' and ''mundi'' 'of the world'. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a flat representation of Earth's surface. History Maps have been one of the most important human inventions for millennia, allowing humans t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Interregnum
The Ottoman Interregnum, or Ottoman Civil War, (, ) was a civil war in the Ottoman realm between the sons of the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I following their father's defeat and capture by Timur in the Battle of Ankara on 28 July 1402. Although Timur confirmed Mehmed Çelebi as sultan, Mehmed's brothers ( İsa Çelebi, Musa Çelebi, Süleyman Çelebi, and later Mustafa Çelebi) refused to recognize his authority, each claiming the throne for himself, which resulted in civil war. The Interregnum would last a little under 11 years and culminate in the Battle of Çamurlu on 5 July 1413, when Mehmed Çelebi emerged as victor, crowned himself Sultan Mehmed I, and restored the empire. Civil war İsa and Mehmed Civil war broke out among the sons of Sultan Bayezid I upon his death in 1403. His oldest son, Süleyman, with his capital at Edirne, ruled the recently conquered Second Bulgarian Empire, all of Thrace, Macedonia, and northern Greece. The second son, İsa Çelebi, established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Çelebi
Musa Çelebi ( 1402 – 5 July 1413) was an Ottoman dynasty, Ottoman prince and a co-ruler of the Ottoman Empire, empire for three years during the Ottoman Interregnum. Background Musa was one of the sons of Bayezid I, the fourth Ottoman sultan.Kastritsis, Dimitris (2007), ''The Sons of Bayezid: Empire Building and Representation in the Ottoman. Civil War of 1402–1413'', Brill, His mother was Devletşah Hatun. After the Battle of Ankara, in which Bayezid I was defeated by Tamerlane, he returned to the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Interregnum, which was now in turmoil, and tried to access the throne in Bursa, the Anatolian capital of the empire in 1403. However, three of his brothers were also claimants to the Ottoman throne: İsa Çelebi in Balıkesir and Mehmed I, Mehmed Çelebi in Amasya (both in the Anatolian portion of the empire), Süleyman Çelebi in Edirne, the Rumeli (European) capital. (the Ottoman Empire at the time had two capitals, since the declining Byzantine Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesopotamon
Mesopotam ( sq-definite, Mesopotami; - ''Mesopotamos'') is a village and a former commune in Vlorë County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Finiq. The population at the 2011 census was 2,786,2011 census results Besides the village Mesopotam from which it takes its name and which functions as well as an administrative center, the administrative unit consists of 14 other villages: Ardhasovë, Bistricë, Brajlat, Dhrov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gjon Zenebishi
John Zenevisi or Gjon Zenebishi ( or ''Gjin Zenebishi''; died 1418) was an Albanian magnate that held the estates in Epirus, such as Gjirokastër and Vagenetia. Name Zenevisi can be found with different spellings in historical documents. His name in modern English is usually ''John Zenevisi'' Elsie 2003, p. 53: "Lord John Sarbissa (Zenevisi) was lord of the town of Gjirokastra and the region of Vagenetia and Paracalo (Parakalamo)." or ''John Sarbissa''. In Italian, his name was spelled as ''Giovanni Sarbissa''. In Albanian, his name is mostly spelled as ''Gjin Zenebishi'' (less commonly as ''Zenebishti''), his given name scarcely spelled ''Gjon'', as well. Life John was born into the Zenebishi family which was a wealthy and noble Albanian family from the Zagoria region, between Përmet and Gjirokastër. He was one of the most notable members of this family. After the Ottomans captured the region of Epirus, some members of the family fled to Morea, while other members held h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gjirokastër
Gjirokastër (, sq-definite, Gjirokastra) is a List of cities and towns in Albania, city in Southern Albania, southern Albania and the seat of Gjirokastër County and Gjirokastër Municipality. It is located in a valley between the Gjerë mountains and the Drino, at 300 metres above sea level. Its old town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city is overlooked by Gjirokastër Fortress, where the Gjirokastër National Folk Festival is held every five years. It is the birthplace of former Albanians, Albanian Communism, communist leader Enver Hoxha, and author Ismail Kadare. The city appears in the historical record dating back in 1336 by its medieval Greek name, , as part of the Byzantine Empire. It first developed in the hill where the Gjirokastër Fortress is located. In this period, Gjirokastër was contested between the Despotate of Epirus and the Albanian clan of Zenevisi family, Zenebishi under John Zenevisi, Gjon Zenebishi who made it his capital in 1417. It was taken by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rogoi
Rogoi () is a Byzantine castle in Nea Kerasounta near Preveza, in western Greece. It is located on the site of the ancient city of Bouchetion (Βουχέτιον), which was abandoned in the late 1st century BC. Re-occupied in the 9th century, it became a bishopric and was refortified, playing an important role in the region's history in the 14th and early 15th centuries. It was abandoned again after the Ottoman conquest in 1449. Location The castle is located west of the village of Nea Kerasounta, on a 29 m tall hill on the northern bank of the Louros river, which surrounds the base of the hill on the eastern, southern and western sides. The castle was built on the location of the acropolis of the ancient city of Bouchetion. Despite its inland location today, in Antiquity the hill seems to have been an island, and literary references confirm that Rogoi remained a coastal location in the Middle Ages as well, with the Ambracian Gulf extending further to the northwest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgio De' Buondelmonti
Giorgio de' Buondelmonti (, 1403–after 1435) was the Despot of Epirus, ruler of Ioannina for twenty days in 1411, under the regency of his mother Jevdokija Balšić. After spending several years in exile, Giorgio reappears in the sources as the Byzantine court official George Izaoul (). Under this name, Giorgio married into the greater Byzantine imperial family and served as a companion of Demetrios Palaiologos, son of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos. Giorgio remained involved in the affairs of the imperial family, as well as those of the Republic of Ragusa, until at least the 1430s. Background Giorgio de' Boundelmonti was the eldest son of Esau de' Buondelmonti. Giorgio's mother was Jevdokija Balšić, Esau's third wife and a daughter of Đurađ I Balšić, Principality of Zeta, Lord of Zeta. Giorgio had at least one sibling, a younger brother whose name is lost to history. Giorgio was probably named after his maternal grandfather; the name ''Đurađ'' is derived from the Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jevdokija Balšić
Jevdokija Balšić ( sr-Cyr, Јевдокија Балшић; ), died after 1428), was a Zetan aristocrat and regent. She was the wife of Esau de' Buondelmonti, despot of Ioannina. She was regent of Ioannina during the minority of her son in 1411. Life Jevdokija Balšić was the daughter of Đurađ I Balšić, lord of Zeta, and Theodora Dejanović from noble house of Dejanović, daughter Dejan, despot of Kumanovo. She is a half-sister of Mrkša Žarković and cousin of Ruđina Balšić, princess of Valona. Around 1402, Esau de' Buondelmonti, despot of Ioannina, got divorce of his second wife Irene Spata and he married with Jevdokija.Höfische Kultur in Südosteuropa: Bericht der Kolloquien der Südosteuropa-Kommission 1988 bis 1990, Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. Südosteuropa-Kommission. Kolloquium, Reinhard Lauer, Hans Georg Majer, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1994, p. 98 In 1411, they had a son, Giorgio. In that year, Esau died and was succeeded by Giorgi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esau De' Buondelmonti
Esau de' Buondelmonti () was the ruler of Ioannina and its surrounding area (central Epirus) from 1385 until his death in 1411, with the Byzantine title of despot. Life Esau was the son of the Florentine nobleman Manente and Lapa Acciaiuoli, sister of Niccolò Acciaiuoli of Corinth. Esau had come to Greece to seek success like his Acciaiuoli kinsmen, but in 1379 he had been captured in battle against Thomas Preljubović of Epirus. After he spent several years of captivity, Esau succeeded his captor by marrying the latter's widow, Maria Angelina Doukaina Palaiologina in February 1385. Esau reversed the unpopular policies of the tyrannical Thomas, recalling the exiled nobles and reinstating Matthew, the bishop of Ioannina. The new ruler pursued a pacifying policy, and sought accommodation with both the Albanian clans and the Byzantine Empire. In 1386 a Byzantine embassy arrived at Ioannina and invested Esau with the court dignity of '' despotes'' (despot). Although Esau w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Despot (court Title)
Despot or ''despotes'' () was a senior Byzantine court title that was bestowed on the sons or sons-in-law of reigning emperors, and initially denoted the heir-apparent of the Byzantine emperor. From Byzantium it spread throughout the late medieval Balkans and was also granted in the states under Byzantine cultural influence, such as the Latin Empire, the Second Bulgarian Empire, the Serbian Empire and its successor states ( Bulgarian and ), and the Empire of Trebizond. With the political fragmentation of the period, the term gave rise to several principalities termed "despotates" which were ruled either as independent states or as appanages by princes bearing the title of despot; most notably the Despotate of Epirus, the Despotate of the Morea, the Despotate of Dobruja and the Serbian Despotate. In modern usage, the word has taken a different meaning: "despotism" is a form of government in which a single entity rules with absolute power. The semantic shift undergone by the te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
