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Maulets (politics)
Maulets () was a youth political organization that belongs to the Catalan Left-wing politics, left-wing Catalan independence movement, independence movement. History Maulets was founded in 1988 as the youth wing of Catalunya Lliure (Free Catalonia). The term "maulets (history), maulet" comes from the popular name given to Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, Austriacist supporters in the Kingdom of Valencia during the War of the Spanish Succession. By 1998 it had fused with Joventuts Independentistes Revolucionàries (Pro-independence Revolutionary Youth). In 2012 Maulets and CAJEI (Coordinadora d'Assemblees de Joves de l'Esquerra Independentista) were joined after a long process that began in 2008 having as a result the creation of Arran (organization), ARRAN, a pro-independence and revolutionary youth organization in the Catalan Countries. See also * Assassination of Guillem Agulló {{Catalan nationalism Catalan independence movement Politics of Catalonia Left-wing national ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Independentism
The Catalan independence movement (; ; ) is a social and political movement with roots in Catalan nationalism that seeks the independence of Catalonia from Spain. While proposals, organizations and individuals advocating for Catalan independence or the restitution of statehood for the Principality of Catalonia existed through the 18th and 19th centuries, the beginnings of the independence movement in Catalonia can be traced back to regionalism and Catalan nationalism from the mid–19th century, influenced by romantic ideas widespread in Europe at the time. The first relevant organised Catalan independence party was Estat Català ("Catalan State"), founded in 1922 by Francesc Macià. In 1931, Estat Català and other parties formed Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya ("Republican Left of Catalonia", ERC). Macià proclaimed a Catalan Republic within an Iberian Federation in 1931, subsequently accepting autonomy within the Spanish Republic after negotiations with the leaders of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes the Economic ideology, economic, Political philosophy, political, and Social theory, social theories and Political movement, movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can take various forms, including State ownership, public, Community ownership, community, Collective ownership, collective, cooperative, or Employee stock ownership, employee.: "Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mural Països Catalans
A mural is any piece of graphic artwork that is painted or applied directly to a wall, ceiling or other permanent substrate. Mural techniques include fresco, mosaic, graffiti and marouflage. Word mural in art The word ''mural'' is a Spanish adjective that is used to refer to what is attached to a wall. The term ''mural'' later became a noun. In art, the word began to be used at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1906, Dr. Atl issued a manifesto calling for the development of a monumental public art movement in Mexico; he named it in Spanish ''pintura mural'' (English: ''wall painting''). In ancient Roman times, a mural crown was given to the fighter who was first to scale the wall of a besieged town. "Mural" comes from the Latin ''muralis'', meaning "wall painting". This word is related to ''murus'', meaning "wall". History Antique art Murals of sorts date to Upper Paleolithic times such as the cave paintings in the Lubang Jeriji Saléh cave in Borneo (40,000–52,000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left-wing Politics
Left-wing politics describes the range of Ideology#Political ideologies, political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy either as a whole or of certain social hierarchies. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished, through radical means that change the nature of the society they are implemented in. According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, supporters of left-wing politics "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated." Within the left–right political spectrum, ''Left'' and ''right-wing politics, Right'' were coined during the French Revolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Independence Movement
The Catalan independence movement (; ; ) is a Social movement, social and political movement with roots in Catalan nationalism that seeks the independence of Catalonia from Spain. While proposals, organizations and individuals advocating for Catalan independence or the restitution of statehood for the Principality of Catalonia existed through the 18th and 19th centuries, the beginnings of the independence movement in Catalonia can be traced back to Regionalism (politics), regionalism and Catalan nationalism, nationalism from the mid–19th century, influenced by romanticism, romantic ideas widespread in Europe at the time. The first relevant organised Catalan independence party was Estat Català ("Catalan State"), founded in 1922 by Francesc Macià. In 1931, Estat Català and other parties formed Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya ("Republican Left of Catalonia", ERC). Macià proclaimed a Catalan Republic (1931), Catalan Republic within an Iberian Federation in 1931, subsequently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalunya Lliure
Catalunya Lliure (Catalan language, Catalan: ''Free Catalonia'') was an Catalan independence, independentist organisation active between 1995 and 2000. Catalunya Lliure was created as a coalition between the PSAN, the National Front of Catalonia (FNC), Maulets (politics), Maulets and the Movement for Defence of the Land, MDT-Patriotic Front (the other faction of the MDT, the Movement for Defence of the Land, MDT-Independentists of the Catalan Countries refused to take part in the coalition). 8 History The coalition took part in the 1989 European Parliament election in Spain, European elections of that year, getting 19,774 votes. In December of the same year the coalition became a political party. This party represented the ''Patriotic Front strategy'', with a strong social content, that the Movement for Defence of the Land, MDT-Patriotic Front defended at the time. On 14 April 1991, the National Council of Catalunya Lliure approved a draft for a future Catalan Constitution in Vinar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maulets (history)
The Maulets () were Kingdom of Valencia, Valencian supporters of Archduke Charles' claim to the Spanish throne during the War of the Spanish Succession. They were opposed by the supporters of Philip V the competing claimant and eventual winner of the war. Previous revolts To compensate the Valencian nobility for the loss of the large number of Morisco peasants after their expulsion of the Moriscos, expulsion, the nobility were given greater rights over the lands that the Moriscos had farmed. This allowed them to impose high taxes and rents on the resettled Christian population. Towards the end of the 17th century the increasingly prosperous peasant population challenged these aristocratic prerogatives in court. Using to the Furs of Valencia granted by James I of Aragon after the Conquest of Valencia (1238), conquest of Valencia, they claimed that the high taxes and tributes were reserved for Moriscos rather than old Christians such as themselves. However with the nobility contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles VI (; ; 1 October 1685 – 20 October 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of the Austrian Habsburg monarchy from 1711 until his death, succeeding his elder brother, Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph I. He unsuccessfully War of the Spanish Succession, claimed the throne of Spain following the death of his relative, Charles II of Spain, Charles II. In 1708, he married Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, by whom he had his four children: Archduke Leopold Johann of Austria, Leopold Johann (who died in infancy), Maria Theresa, Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (governor), Maria Anna (Governess of the Austrian Netherlands), and Maria Amalia (who also died in infancy). Four years before the birth of Maria Theresa, faced with his lack of male heirs, Charles provided for a male-line succession failure with the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713. The Emperor favoured his own daughters over those of his elder brother and predecessor, Joseph I, in the succession, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Valencia
The Kingdom of Valencia (; ; ), located in the eastern shore of the Iberian Peninsula, was one of the component realms of the Crown of Aragon. The Kingdom of Valencia was formally created in 1238 when the Moorish taifa of Valencia was taken in the course of the Reconquista. It was dissolved, alongside the other components of the old crown of Aragon, by Philip V of Spain in 1707, by means of the Nueva Planta decrees, as a result of the Spanish War of Succession. During its existence, the Kingdom of Valencia was ruled by the laws and institutions stated in the Furs of Valencia, ''Furs'' (charters) of Valencia; these charters granted it wide self-government under the Crown of Aragon and, later on, under the Spanish Kingdom. The boundaries and identity of the present Spanish autonomous community of the Valencian Community are essentially those of the former Kingdom of Valencia. Reconquest The conquest of what would later become the Kingdom of Valencia started in 1232 when the ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of The Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict fought between 1701 and 1714. The immediate cause was the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700, which led to a struggle for control of the Spanish Empire between supporters of the French House of Bourbon, Bourbons and the Austrian House of Habsburg, Habsburgs. Charles had named as his heir Philip V of Spain, Philip of Anjou, a grandson of Louis XIV of France, whose claim was backed by Kingdom of France, France and most of Habsburg Spain, Spain. His Habsburg rival, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke Charles, was supported by the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), Grand Alliance, whose primary members included Habsburg monarchy, Austria, the Dutch Republic, and Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. Significant related conflicts include the Great Northern War (1700–1721) and Queen Anne's War (1702–1713). Although by 1701 Spain was no longer the predominant European power, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arran (organization)
Arran (Catalan Language, Catalan for "level with") is the youth organization of the Catalan Pro-Independence Left, result of the merger between Maulets (politics), Maulets and Coordinadora d'Assemblees de Joves de l'Esquerra Independentista, CAJEI and local groups (such as the Youth Assemblies of Terrassa, Sant Sadurní d'Anoia, Sant Sadurní or Horta, Barcelona, Horta, a process which began in 2008 and concluded in 2012. The organization announced its creation on Saturday 14 July 2012 in Berga, during the ''Rebrot'' Catalan youth gathering, which celebrated its eleventh edition, culminating in events at the Pi de les Tres Branques annual gathering. Ideology Arran is defined as a marxist youth organization that "is committed to political and economic independence and reunification of the Catalan Countries, the attainment of socialism and overcoming patriarchy from a feminist perspective." The group also promotes other issues such as environmentalism, decent housing and work, anti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
