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Mathilde Planck
Mathilde Planck (29 November 1861 - 31 July 1955) was a teacher who became the first female member of the :de:Landtag des freien Volksstaates Württemberg, regional parliament (''"Landtag"'') of Free People's State of Württemberg, Württemberg. She championed education for girls and is considered to be one of the most important women in the feminist and peace movements in southwest Germany. Life Family provenance and early years Johanna Friederike Mathilde Planck was born in Ulm, the fourth of her parents' seven children. It was in Ulm that she spent her early childhood, after which the family moved, as her father changed jobs, to nearby Blaubeuren, and then to Maulbronn. Karl Christian Planck (1819–1880), her father, worked as a teacher. As Mathilde grew up he also engaged in a parallel (and apparently unpaid) career as a contrarian philosopher. The children grew up in a milieu of intellectual liberalism. The ideals of German revolutions of 1848–49, 1848 were celebrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg (german: Königreich Württemberg ) was a German state that existed from 1805 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which existed from 1495 to 1805. Prior to 1495, Württemberg was a county in the former Duchy of Swabia, which had dissolved after the death of Duke Conradin in 1268. The borders of the Kingdom of Württemberg, as defined in 1813, lay between 47°34' and 49°35' north and 8°15' and 10°30' east. The greatest distance north to south comprised and the greatest east to west was . The border had a total length of and the total area of the state was . The kingdom had borders with Bavaria on the east and south, with Baden in the north, west, and south. The southern part surrounded the Prussian province of Hohenzollern on most of its sides and touched on Lake Constance. History Frederick I Frederick II, the Duke of Württemberg (1754–1816; elev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Building Society
A building society is a financial institution owned by its members as a mutual organization. Building societies offer banking and related financial services, especially savings and mortgage lending. Building societies exist in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, and used to exist in Ireland and several Commonwealth countries. They are similar to credit unions in organisation, though few enforce a common bond. However, rather than promoting thrift and offering unsecured and business loans, the purpose of a building society is to provide home mortgages to members. Borrowers and depositors are society members, setting policy and appointing directors on a one-member, one-vote basis. Building societies often provide other retail banking services, such as current accounts, credit cards and personal loans. The term "building society" first arose in the 19th century in Great Britain from cooperative savings groups. In the United Kingdom, building societies actively compete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Kropp
Georg Kropp (1 December 1865 – 21 January 1943) was a German journalist and polymath. In 1921, with Mathilde Planck, he co-founded the Gemeinschaft der Freunde (GdF) (''literally: "Society of friends"'') which a few years later became recognised as Germany's first mutual building society, the Wüstenrot Bausparkasse. Life Provenance and early years Georg Kropp was born in Swinemünde on the Pomeranian north coast. Karl Kropp, his father, was a ship's captain, and as a boy Georg was keen to follow his father into that profession, but in 1880 his father, in charge of the sailing barque, "Lessing", was caught in a violent storm and became stranded in the Kattegat. Karl Kropp was blamed for the accident. He never captained another ship, instead embarking on a land-based career, opening a drug store. There is speculation that the rapid switch from sailing ships to steamboats was one reason that Kropp senior, like many ships' captains of his generation, did not wish to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folk High School
Folk high schools (also ''Adult Education Center'', Danish: ''Folkehøjskole;'' Dutch: ''Volkshogeschool;'' Finnish: ''kansanopisto'' and ''työväenopisto'' or ''kansalaisopisto;'' German: ''Volkshochschule'' and (a few) ''Heimvolkshochschule;'' Norwegian: ''Folkehøgskole( NB)/Folkehøgskule( NN);'' Swedish: ''Folkhögskola;'' Hungarian: ''népfőiskola'') are institutions for adult education that generally do not grant academic degrees, though certain courses might exist leading to that goal. They are most commonly found in Nordic countries and in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. The concept originally came from the Danish writer, poet, philosopher, and pastor N. F. S. Grundtvig (1783–1872). Grundtvig was inspired by the Marquis de Condorcet's ''Report on the General Organization of Public Instruction'' which was written in 1792 during the French Revolution. The revolution had a direct influence on popular education in France. In the United States, a Danish folk scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Naumann
Friedrich Naumann (25 March 1860 – 24 August 1919) was a German liberal politician and Protestant parish pastor. In 1896, he founded the National-Social Association that sought to combine liberalism, nationalism and (non- Marxist) socialism with Protestant Christian values, proposing social reform to prevent class struggle. He led the party until its merger into the Free-minded Union in 1903. From 1907 to 1912 and again from 1913 to 1918, he was a member of the Reichstag of the German Empire. Naumann advocated an imperialist foreign policy, laying out Germany's claim to dominate Central Europe in his 1915 ''Mitteleuropa'' plan. After the First World War, he co-founded the German Democratic Party and was elected to the Weimar National Assembly. Naumann is also somewhat controversial for his anti-Armenian statements. The Friedrich Naumann Foundation of the Free Democratic Party is named after him. Life Naumann was born in the parsonage of Großpösna near Leipzig in Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weimar Republic
The German Reich, commonly referred to as the Weimar Republic,, was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic. The period's informal name is derived from the city of Weimar, which hosted the constituent assembly that established its government. In English, the republic was usually simply called "Germany", with "Weimar Republic" (a term introduced by Adolf Hitler in 1929) not commonly used until the 1930s. After the end of the First World War (1914–1918), Germany was exhausted and sued for peace in desperate circumstances. Awareness of imminent defeat sparked a revolution, the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II, formal surrender to the Allies, and the proclamation of the Weimar Republic on 9 November 1918. In its initial years, grave problems beset the Republic, such as h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, Anti-colonial nationalism, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti-colonial nationalist politics in the twentieth-century in ways that neither indigenous nor westernized Indian nationalists could." and Political ethics, political ethicist Quote: "Gandhi staked his reputation as an original political thinker on this specific issue. Hitherto, violence had been used in the name of political rights, such as in street riots, regicide, or armed revolutions. Gandhi believes there is a better way of securing political rights, that of nonviolence, and that this new way marks an advance in political ethics." who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful Indian independence movement, campaign for India's independence from British Raj, British rule, and to later inspire movements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
The Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) is an international Temperance movement, temperance organization, originating among women in the United States Prohibition movement. It was among the first organizations of women devoted to social reform with a program that "linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity." It plays an influential role in the Temperance movement in the United States, temperance movement. The organization supported the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, 18th Amendment and was also influential in social reform issues that came to prominence in the progressive era. The WCTU was originally organized on December 23, 1873, in Hillsboro, Ohio, and officially declared at a national convention in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1874. It operated at an international level and in the context of religion and reform, including missionary work and women's suffrage. Two years after its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Blue Cross
The International Blue Cross (french: Fédération Internationale de la Croix-Bleue) is a politically and denominationally independent Christian organization consisting of about 40 member organizations engaged in the prevention, treatment and after care of problems related to alcohol and other drugs. It was founded in 1877 in Geneva , neighboring_municipalities= Carouge, Chêne-Bougeries, Cologny, Lancy, Grand-Saconnex, Pregny-Chambésy, Vernier, Veyrier , website = https://www.geneve.ch/ Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevr ... by L-L. Rochat. See also * Modrý kríž (Blue cross in Slovak) References External links * Temperance organizations Organizations established in 1877 Organisations based in Geneva Alcohol in Switzerland 1877 establishments in Switzerland {{Switzerland-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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