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Maserati Nettuno
The Maserati Nettuno is a twin-turbo port and direct injected V6 petrol engine with prechamber ignition, designed and produced by Maserati in its Modena plant since 2020. Development The engine, an integral part of the renewal of the Modena brand, was born from the need to equip Maserati with a new generation engine, replacing the Ferrari-Maserati F136 V8 that previously equipped the cars of the trident. Starting with the MC20, the engine replaced the V8 F136 in Maserati's engine range. The new engine family is characterized by a displacement of 3.0liters, with a maximum power output ranging between in the versions approved for road use, and can reach in the configurations intended for track use. Description The engine represents a profound evolution of the Alfa Romeo 690T, in turn partly derived from the V8 Ferrari F154. The engine maintains the 6 cylinders with a 90-degree angle between the banks, firing order of 1-6-3-4-2-5, and a stroke of 82 mm from the 690T. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maserati MC20
The Maserati MC20 (MC being the acronym for ''Maserati Corse 2020'', internal code M240) is a two-seater, rear-mid-engine sports car produced by Italian car manufacturer Maserati. The debut of the MC20 was initially scheduled for May 2020, but was rescheduled along with brand redesign for September 2020 in Modena. A racing variant was also announced at the same time. The open top variant of the MC20 called the ''Cielo'' (Italian for sky) made its debut in May 2022. The car was developed by the Maserati Innovation Lab with an all-electric option slated to reach production in the future. The new sports car is produced at the Maserati Modena plant that is undergoing necessary modernization. The new car's logo appeared on a Maserati-sponsored Multi 70 trimaran's mainsail that was due to race in the RORC Caribbean 600. Development Test mules In late 2019, a series of spy shots were published online showing a highly modified Alfa Romeo 4C-based test mule of an upcoming new Masera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Cooling
file:KKP Auslauf.jpg, Cooling tower and water discharge of a nuclear power plant Water cooling is a method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment. Evaporative cooling using water is often more efficient than air cooling. Water is inexpensive and non-toxic; however, it can contain impurities and cause corrosion. Water cooling is commonly used for cooling automobile internal combustion engines and power stations. Water coolers utilising Convection (heat transfer), convective heat transfer are used inside high-end personal computers to lower the temperature of CPUs and other components. Other uses include the cooling of lubricant oil in pumps; for cooling purposes in heat exchangers; for cooling buildings in Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, HVAC and in chillers. Mechanism Advantages Water is inexpensive, non-toxic, and available over most of the earth's surface. Liquid cooling offers higher thermal conductivity than air cooling. Water has unusually hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compression Ratio
The compression ratio is the ratio between the maximum and minimum volume during the compression stage of the power cycle in a piston or Wankel engine. A fundamental specification for such engines, it can be measured in two different ways. The simpler way is the static compression ratio: in a reciprocating engine, this is the ratio of the volume of the cylinder when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke to that volume when the piston is at the top of its stroke. The dynamic compression ratio is a more advanced calculation which also takes into account gases entering and exiting the cylinder during the compression phase. Effect and typical ratios A high compression ratio is desirable because it allows an engine to extract more mechanical energy from a given mass of air–fuel mixture due to its higher thermal efficiency. This occurs because internal combustion engines are heat engines, and higher compression ratios permit the same combustion temperature to be reached wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hot Vee Turbocharged Engine
A hot vee turbocharged engine (or hot V) is a V engine with one or more turbochargers in the "V" between the cylinder banks. This reverses the gas flow in the traditional layout for V engines where there is a single intake manifold in the center of the V (the "cold side"). The hot vee offers a shorter air path from the turbocharger, through an intercooler, and back into the engine intake, which can reduce turbo lag. Applications Ferrari 126C F1 car used a hot vee in 1981. BMW N63 was the first production motor using the hot vee, used in the US-made BMW X6 since 2008. Since then others have been introduced including the Mercedes-AMG GT The Mercedes-AMG GT is a series of 2-door sports cars produced by German automobile manufacturer Mercedes-AMG. The car was introduced on 9 September 2014 and was officially unveiled to the public in October 2014 at the Paris Motor Show. While n ... (2014), the Porsche Cayenne Turbo (2018) and Cadillac's twin-turbocharged 4.2 liter V8 in the 2019 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bore (engine)
In a piston engine, the bore (or cylinder bore) is the diameter of each cylinder. Engine displacement is calculated based on bore, stroke length and the number of cylinders: displacement = The stroke ratio, determined by dividing the bore by the stroke, traditionally indicated whether an engine was designed for power at high engine speeds ( rpm) or torque at lower engine speeds. The term "bore" can also be applied to the bore of a locomotive cylinder or steam engine pistons. In steam locomotives The term bore also applies to the cylinder of a steam locomotive or steam engine. Bore pitch Bore pitch is the distance between the centerline of a cylinder bore to the centerline of the next cylinder bore adjacent to it in an internal combustion engine. It's also referred to as the "mean cylinder width", "bore spacing", "bore center distance" and "cylinder spacing". The bore pitch is always larger than the inside diameter of the cylinder (the bore and piston diameter) sinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke (engine)
In the context of an internal combustion engine, the term stroke has the following related meanings: * A phase of the engine's cycle (e.g. compression stroke, exhaust stroke), during which the piston travels from top to bottom or vice versa. * The type of power cycle used by a piston engine (e.g. two-stroke engine, four-stroke engine). * "Stroke length", the distance travelled by the piston during each cycle. The stroke length, along with bore diameter, determines the engine's displacement. Phases in the power cycle Commonly used engine phases or strokes (i.e. those used in a four-stroke engine) are described below. Other types of engines can have very different phases. Induction-intake stroke The induction stroke is the first phase in a four-stroke (e.g. Otto cycle or Diesel cycle) engine. It involves the downward movement of the piston, creating a partial vacuum that draws an air-fuel mixture (or air alone, in the case of a direct injection engine) into the combustion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firing Order
The firing order of an internal combustion engine is the sequence of ignition for the cylinders. In a spark ignition (e.g. gasoline/petrol) engine, the firing order corresponds to the order in which the spark plugs are operated. In a diesel engine, the firing order corresponds to the order in which fuel is injected into each cylinder. Four-stroke engines must also time the valve openings relative to the firing order, as the valves do not open and close on every stroke. Firing order affects the vibration, sound and evenness of power output from the engine and heavily influences crankshaft design. Cylinder numbering Numbering systems for car engines The numbering system for cylinders is generally based on the cylinder numbers increasing from the front to the rear of an engine (See engine orientation below). However, there are differences between manufacturers in how this is applied; some commonly used systems are as listed below. Straight engine In a straight engine the cylin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferrari F154 Engine
The Ferrari F154 is a family of modular twin-turbocharged, direct injected V8 petrol engines designed and produced by Ferrari since 2013. It is a replacement for the naturally aspirated ''Ferrari-Maserati'' F136 V8 family on both Maserati and Ferrari cars. They are the first turbocharged Ferrari road engines since the 1987 2.9-litre ''F120A'' V8 of the Ferrari F40. Description The F154 V8 engines have a 90° angle between the cylinder banks, aluminium block and heads. The forced induction system uses two parallel twin-scroll water-cooled turbochargers supplied by IHI and two air-to-air intercoolers. The valvetrain consists of 4 valves per cylinder actuated through roller finger followers by two overhead camshafts per bank; the timing chain is located on the flywheel side. All Ferrari versions feature gasoline direct injection and continuously variable valve timing on both intake and exhaust side. The Ferrari version of the engine has a flatplane crankshaft and dry sump lu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfa Romeo 690T Engine
The Alfa Romeo 690T is a twin-turbocharged, direct injected, 90° V6 petrol engine designed and produced by Alfa Romeo since 2015. It is used in the high-performance Giulia Quadrifoglio and Stelvio Quadrifoglio models and is manufactured at the Alfa Romeo Termoli engine plant. Description The 690T is often considered to be the Ferrari F154 engine with two less cylinders, but in fact it is a completely new engine developed by the same engineer, Gianluca Pivetti. Specification similarities that Alfa knew worked well reduced the development time. This 2.9-litre V6 uses single-scroll rather than twin-scroll turbos, which produce of boost pressure. Alfa also added mechanical cylinder deactivation to the right bank for increased highway fuel efficiency. The 90-degree V6 engine's crankshaft has three crankpins 120 degrees apart, each with two connecting rods mounted side by side. This configuration results in uneven firing at 90 and 150 degrees of each rotation, but for each cy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Road & Track
''Road & Track'' (stylized as ''R&T'') is an American automotive enthusiast magazine first published 1947. It is owned by Hearst Magazines and is published six times per year. The editorial offices are located in New York City. History ''Road & Track'' (often abbreviated ''R&T'') was founded by two friends, Wilfred H. Brehaut, Jr. and Joseph S. Fennessy, in 1947, in Hempstead, New York. Published only six times from 1947 to 1949, it struggled in its early years. By 1952, regular contributor and editor John R. Bond and his wife Elaine had become the owners of the magazine, which then grew until its sale to CBS Publications in 1972. The ampersand (&) in the title was introduced in 1955 by then Editor Terry Galanoy, who replaced the word "and" in the magazine's name because the words Road and Track were graphically too long for newsstand-effective recognition. In 1988, Hachette Filipacchi Media took ownership of the magazine. In October 2008, Matt DeLorenzo became editor-in-chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trident
A trident (), () is a three- pronged spear. It is used for spear fishing and historically as a polearm. As compared to an ordinary spear, the three tines increase the chance that a fish will be struck and decrease the chance that a fish will be able to dislodge itself if struck badly. On the other hand, they are not so many as to overly reduce the spear's concentration of force for piercing. The trident is the tool of Poseidon ( Greek) or Neptune ( Roman) used for the protection of the sea realms, the god of the sea in classical mythology. Other sea deities such as Amphitrite or Triton were also often depicted with a trident in classical art. Later, tridents were used in medieval heraldry, sometimes held by a merman or triton. In Hinduism, it is the weapon of Shiva and is known as a ''trishula'' (Sanskrit for "triple-spear"). It is also associated with the superhero Aquaman. The trident is an important military (especially naval) symbol as an element for forces such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferrari F136 Engine
The F136, commonly known as Ferrari-Maserati engineblock, is a family of 90° V8 petrol engines jointly developed by Ferrari and Maserati and produced by Ferrari; these engines displace between 4.2 L and 4.7 L, and produce between and . All engines are naturally aspirated, incorporate dual overhead camshafts, variable valve timing, and four valves per cylinder. The architecture was produced in various configurations for Ferrari and Maserati automobiles, and the Alfa Romeo 8C. Production started in 2001. Ferrari was spun-off from their common parent company in January 2016 and has stated they will not renew the contract to supply engines to Maserati by 2022. Starting with the 2013 Maserati Quattroporte GTS, and following with the 2014 Ferrari California T, the F136 was replaced by the twin turbocharged Ferrari F154 V8 engine. __TOC__ Applications Maserati and Alfa Romeo versions have crossplane crankshafts, while Ferrari versions are flat plane. Maserati Road ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
