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Martha Finnemore
Martha Finnemore (born 1959) is an American constructivist scholar of international relations, and professor at the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University. She is considered among the most influential international relations scholars. Her scholarship has highlighted the role of norms and culture in international politics, as well as shown that international organizations are consequential and purposive social agents in world politics that can shape state interests. Biography Finnemore completed her B.A. at Harvard, followed by an M.A. from the University of Sydney and a Ph.D. in 1991 from Stanford. She is best known for her books ''National Interests in International Society,'' ''The Purpose of Intervention,'' and ''Rules for the World'' (with Michael Barnett) which helped to pioneer constructivism. According to a review of her 1996 book ''National Interests in International Society'', Finnemore became "the first scholar of international ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructivism In International Relations
In international relations (IR), constructivism is a social theory that asserts that significant aspects of international relations are shaped by ideational factors - i.e. the mental process of forming ideas. The most important ideational factors are those that are collectively held; these collectively held beliefs construct the interests and identities of actors. Constructivist scholarship in IR is rooted in approaches and theories from the field of sociology. In contrast to other prominent IR approaches and theories (such as Realism (international relations), realism and Rationalism (international relations), rational choice), constructivists see identities and interests of actors as socially constructed and changeable; identities are not static and cannot be exogenously assumed- i.e. interpreted by reference to outside influences alone. Similar to rational choice, constructivism does not make broad and specific predictions about international relations; it is an approach to stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Organization (journal)
''International Organization'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the entire field of international relations, international affairs. It was established in 1947 and is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International Organization Foundation. The editor-in-chief, editors-in-chief are Brett Ashley Leeds and Layna Mosley. ''International Organization'' is considered the leading journal in the field of international relations, and one of the top journals in political science. In a 2005 survey of international relations scholars on "which journals publish articles that have the greatest impact" in their field, about 70% included ''International Organization'' among the 4 "top journals", ranking it first among 28 journals. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 7.8, ranking it 3rd out of 187 journals in the category "Political Science" and 1st out of 96 journals in the category "International Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanford University Alumni
Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a private research university in Stanford, California, United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford (the eighth governor of and then-incumbent United States senator representing California) and his wife, Jane, in memory of their only child, Leland Jr. The university admitted its first students in 1891, opening as a coeducational and non-denominational institution. It struggled financially after Leland died in 1893 and again after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Following World War II, university provost Frederick Terman inspired an entrepreneurial culture to build a self-sufficient local industry (later Silicon Valley). In 1951, Stanford Research Park was established in Palo Alto as the world's first university research park. By 2021, the university had 2,288 tenure-line faculty, senior fellows, center fellows, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Sydney Alumni
A university () is an educational institution, institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several Discipline (academia), academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Universities typically offer both undergraduate education, undergraduate and postgraduate education, postgraduate programs. The first universities in Europe were established by Catholic Church, Catholic monks. The University of Bologna (), Italy, which was founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: *being a high degree-awarding institute. *using the word (which was coined at its foundation). *having independence from the ecclesiastic schools and issuing secular as well as non-secular degrees (with teaching conducted by both clergy and non-clergy): grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law and notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university in medieval life, 1179–1499", McFarland, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Alumni
The list of Harvard University alumni includes notable graduates, professors, and administrators affiliated with Harvard University. For a list of notable non-graduates of Harvard, see the list of Harvard University non-graduate alumni. For a list of Harvard's presidents, see President of Harvard University. Eight Presidents of the United States have graduated from Harvard University: John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, John F. Kennedy, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama. Bush graduated from Harvard Business School, Hayes and Obama from Harvard Law School, and the others from Harvard College. Over 150 Nobel Prize winners have been associated with the university as alumni, researchers or faculty. Nobel laureates Pulitzer Prize winners ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American International Relations Scholars
American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, people who self-identify their ancestry as "American" ** American English, the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States ** Native Americans in the United States, indigenous peoples of the United States * American, something of, from, or related to the Americas, also known as "America" ** Indigenous peoples of the Americas * American (word), for analysis and history of the meanings in various contexts Organizations * American Airlines, U.S.-based airline headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas * American Athletic Conference, an American college athletic conference * American Recordings (record label), a record label that was previously known as Def American * American University, in Washington, D.C. Sports teams S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academic Council Of The United Nations System
The Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS) is a professional association of scholars, practitioners, institutions, and individuals active in the work and study of the UN. ACUNS stimulates and supports dialogue and research about issues of global concern and international cooperation. Purpose ACUNS unites people engaged in research, writing, teaching, and policy practice related to the United Nations system, in order to better understand and address the most pressing global issues of our time. The United Nations was founded in 1945 to “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war.” Today, in addition to war, climate change, pandemic disease, new weapons, displacement, inequality, bigotry and extremism that threaten global well-being. Because these challenges cross borders, no sovereign nation will succeed in countering them alone. Members of ACUNS contend that solutions to improve the human condition will be advanced through evidence-based analysis, inte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Studies Association
The International Studies Association (ISA) is a US-based professional association for scholars and practitioners in the field of International relations, international studies. Founded in 1959, ISA has been headquartered at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut, Storrs since 2015. Its executive director is Mark A. Boyer. It has been a member of the International Science Council since 1984. ISA has more than 7,000 members in over 100 countries and describes itself as "one of the oldest interdisciplinary associations dedicated to understanding international, transnational and global affairs." ISA encompasses six geographic subdivisions (regions), 29 thematic groups (sections), and four caucuses, providing opportunities to exchange ideas and research with local colleagues and within specific subject areas. ISA's annual convention routinely draws over 6,000 attendees. ISA publishes seven academic journals (''International Studies Quarterly'', ''International Studies R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pepper D
Pepper(s) may refer to: Food and spice * Piperaceae or the pepper family, a large family of flowering plants ** Black pepper ** Long pepper ** Kampot pepper * ''Capsicum'' or pepper, a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae ** Bell pepper ** Chili pepper * Schinus, pepper trees * Sichuan pepper, a strong spice *"Alder pepper", the flower of ''Alnus alnobetula'' Music * Pepper (band), a rock-reggae band originally from Hawaii * The Peppers, a French male instrumental group * "Pepper" (song), a 1996 song by Butthole Surfers * "Pepper", an instrumental song by Linkin Park from ''LP Underground 11'' * "Pepper", a song by Death Cab for Cutie from the 2022 album ''Asphalt Meadows'' * "Peppers", a song by Lana Del Rey from the 2023 album ''Did You Know That There's a Tunnel Under Ocean Blvd'' People and fictional characters * Pepper (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name, nickname or surname * Peppers (surname), a list of people w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodrow Wilson Foundation
The Woodrow Wilson Foundation was an educational non-profit created in 1921, organized under the laws of New York, for the "perpetuation of Wilson's ideals" via periodic grants to worthy groups and individuals. Franklin D. Roosevelt was the chair of the group's governing National Committee, coordinating fundraising activity of parallel groups in each of the 48 states. The group sought to gather a $1 million endowment fund, the interest on which was to pay for the group's cash awards. A national fundraising drive to raise the endowment was launched on January 16, 1922, but despite extensive organization and relentless publicity only half the financial target was raised by February 15. With its medal and endowment to allow for annual financial prizes, the Woodrow Wilson Foundation in its initial iteration resembled the Nobel Foundation and its Nobel Prizes, albeit on a smaller financial scale. Beginning in 1963 the Woodrow Wilson Foundation financed publication of Wilson's collect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Political Science Association
The American Political Science Association (APSA) is a professional association of political scientists in the United States. Founded in 1903 in the Tilton Memorial Library (now Tilton Hall) of Tulane University in New Orleans, it publishes four academic journals: ''American Political Science Review'', '' Perspectives on Politics'', ''Journal of Political Science Education,'' and '' PS – Political Science & Politics''. APSA Organized Sections publish or are associated with 15 additional journals. APSA presidents serve one-year terms. The current president is Taeku Lee of the University of British Columbia. Woodrow Wilson, who later became President of the United States, was APSA president in 1909. APSA's headquarters are at 1527 New Hampshire Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., in a historic building that was owned by Admiral George Remy, labor leader Samuel Gompers, the American War Mothers, and Harry Garfield, son of President James A. Garfield and president of the associatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
