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Mark Marshall (diplomat)
Mark Anthony Marshall (born 5 May 1987) is a Jamaican professional Association football, footballer who plays as a Midfielder#Winger, winger for club Dulwich Hamlet F.C., Dulwich Hamlet. Marshall began his career with Non-League football, non-League sides Carshalton Athletic F.C., Carshalton Athletic, Grays Athletic F.C., Grays Athletic and Eastleigh F.C., Eastleigh, before winning a move into the English Football League with Swindon Town F.C., Swindon Town in August 2008. He was Loan (sports), loaned out to Hereford United F.C., Hereford United in September 2009, before he joined Barnet F.C., Barnet in July 2010. He was a first-team regular for the club before he received a two-year ban from football after he was found to have the stimulant Methylhexanamine in his system following a routine drug test on Boxing Day 2011. He returned to the game with Coventry City F.C., Coventry City in February 2014 and signed with Port Vale F.C., Port Vale in July 2014. A year later, he switch ...
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Manchester Parish
The Parish of Manchester () is a Parishes of Jamaica, parish located in west-central Jamaica, in the county of Middlesex. Its Capital (political), capital, Mandeville, Jamaica, Mandeville, is a major business centre. Its St. Paul of the Cross Pro-Cathedral is the episcopal see of the Latin Catholic Roman Catholic Diocese of Mandeville, Diocese of Mandeville. History Taíno people, Taino/Arawak peoples, Arawak settlement in the parish was substantiated when in 1792, a Surveyor (surveying), surveyor Zemi Figures from Vere, Jamaica, found three carvings, believed to be Amerindian Zemis, Zemi, in a cave in the Carpenter's Mountains. They are now at the British Museum. Manchester was formed in 1814, by an Act of the House of Assembly, making it one of the newest parishes of Jamaica. It was formed as a result of the amalgamation of portions of the parishes Saint Elizabeth, Jamaica, St. Elizabeth, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica, Clarendon and the entirety of Vere. The amalgamation was ...
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Association Football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular field called a Football pitch, pitch. The objective of the game is to Scoring in association football, score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed Goal (sport), goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. Association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the International Football Association Board, IFAB since 1886. The game is pla ...
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Reading F
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch. For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation. Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol and an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (as in the case of braille). Overview Reading is generally an individual activity, done silently, although on occasion a person reads out loud for other listeners; or reads aloud for one's own use, for better comprehension. Before the reintroduction of separated text (spaces between words) in the late Middle Ages, the ability to read silently was con ...
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Premier League
The Premier League is a professional association football league in England and the highest level of the English football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL). Seasons usually run from August to May, with each team playing 38 matches: two against each other team, one home and one away. Most games are played on weekend afternoons, with occasional weekday evening fixtures. The competition was founded as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992, following the decision of clubs from the Football League First Division, First Division (the top tier since 1888) to break away from the English Football League. Teams are still promoted and relegated to and from the EFL Championship each season. The Premier League is a corporation managed by a Richard Masters (football), chief executive, with member clubs as shareholders. The Premier League takes advantage of a £5 billion domestic televi ...
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2007–08 Football Conference
The 2007–08 season was the 29th season of the Football Conference. Conference Premier A total of 24 teams contested the division, including 19 sides from 2006–07 Football Conference, last season, one relegated from the Football League Two, two promoted from the Conference North and two promoted from the Conference South. Promotion and relegation Teams promoted from 2006–07 Conference North *Droylsden F.C., Droylsden *Farsley Celtic A.F.C., Farsley Celtic Teams promoted from 2006–07 Conference South *Histon F.C., Histon *Salisbury City F.C., Salisbury City Teams relegated from 2006–07 Football League Two, 2006–07 League Two *Torquay United F.C., Torquay United Boston United F.C., Boston United were also relegated from the Football League, but were placed in the Conference North due to financial problems. Altrincham F.C., Altrincham, who had finished in the relegation zone in the 2006–07 Football Conference, 2006–07 season, were reprieved in order for the divisio ...
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National League (division)
The National League, officially known as Vanarama National League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in England. The National League is the first division of the National Leagues and step 1 of the National League System and fifth-highest tier overall in the English football league system, after the Premier League and the EFL leagues and is contested by 24 clubs. Through the National League, clubs get promoted to the EFL League Two, one of the divisions of the English Football League. Formerly the Conference National, the league was renamed the National League from the 2015–16 season.Football Conference to be renamed as National League
, BBC Sport, 6 April 2015
Notable former English Football League clubs that compete in the National League include:
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Isthmian League
The Isthmian League () is a regional Association football, football league covering Greater London, East of England, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions. Together with the Southern Football League, Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South. History Before the Isthmian League was formed, there were no leagues in which amateur football clubs could compete, only knock-out cup competitions. Therefore, a meeting took place between representatives of Casuals F.C., Casuals, Civil Service F.C., Civil Service, Clapton F.C., Clapton, Ealing A ...
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2020 EFL League Two Play-off Final
The 2020 EFL League Two play-off final was an association football match played on 29 June 2020 at Wembley Stadium, London, between Exeter City F.C., Exeter City and Northampton Town F.C., Northampton Town to determine the fourth and final team to gain Promotion and relegation, promotion from EFL League Two to EFL League One. The top three teams of the 2019–20 EFL League Two season gained automatic promotion to League One, while those placed from fourth to seventh place in the table took part in play-off semi-finals; the winners of these semi-finals competed for the final place for the 2020–21 EFL League One, 2020–21 season in League One. The match was played Behind closed doors (sport), behind closed doors to comply with restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, coronavirus pandemic. It was thought to be the first ever competitive game behind closed doors at Wembley and was Northampton Town's first appearance at the stadium since the 2013 Football ...
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English Football League Play-offs
The English Football League (EFL) play-offs are a series of play-off matches contested by four association football teams finishing immediately below the automatic promotion places in the second, third and fourth tiers of the English football league system, namely the EFL Championship, EFL League One and EFL League Two. , the play-offs comprise two semi-finals, each conducted as a two-legged tie with games played at each side's home ground. The aggregate winners of the semi-finals progress to the final, which is contested at Wembley Stadium; the victorious side is promoted to the league above, and the runners-up remain in the same division. In the event of drawn ties or finals, extra time followed by a penalty shoot-out are employed as necessary. The play-offs were introduced to the English Football League in 1987 and have been staged at the conclusion of every season since. The first three play-off seasons saw the finals also being conducted over two legs, on a home-and-away basi ...
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EFL League Two
The English Football League Two, simply known as League Two and for sponsorship purposes as Sky Betting & Gaming, Sky Bet League Two, is a professional association football league in England. EFL League Two is the fourth division of the English Football League (EFL) and fourth-highest tier overall in the English football league system, after the Premier League, EFL Championship and the EFL League One and is contested by 24 clubs. Introduced for the 2004-05 in English football, 2004–05 English football season as Football League Two, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Third Division. As of 2025–26 EFL League Two, the 2025-26 season, Newport County A.F.C, Newport County hold the longest tenure in this division following their promotion in the 2012–13 season. There are currently two former Premier League clubs competing in this division: Oldham Athletic A.F.C., Oldham Athletic (1992-94) and Swindon Town F.C., Swindon Town (1993–94). The current holders are Donca ...
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Promotion And Relegation
Promotion and relegation is used by sports leagues as a process where teams can move up and down among divisions in a league system, based on their performance over a season. Leagues that use promotion and relegation systems are sometimes called open leagues. In a system of promotion and relegation, the best-ranked team(s) in a lower division are ''promoted'' to a higher division for the next season, and the worst-ranked team(s) in the higher division are ''relegated'' to the lower division for the next season. During the season, teams that are high enough in the league table that they would qualify for promotion are sometimes said to be in the ''promotion zone'', and those at the bottom are in the ''relegation zone'' (colloquially the ''drop zone'' or ''facing the drop''). These can also involve being in zones where promotion and relegation is not automatic but subject to a playoff, such as in the EFL Championship where teams 3rd to 6th enter a playoff for promotion to the ...
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Methylhexanamine
Methylhexanamine (also known as methylhexamine, 1,3-dimethylamylamine, 1,3-DMAA, dimethylamylamine, and DMAA; trade names Forthane and Geranamine) is an indirect sympathomimetic drug invented and developed by Eli Lilly and Company and marketed as an inhaled nasal decongestant from 1948 until it was voluntarily withdrawn from the market in the 1980s. Since 2006 methylhexanamine has been sold extensively under many names as a stimulant or energy-boosting dietary supplement under the claim that it is similar to certain compounds found in geraniums, but its safety has been questioned as a number of adverse events and at least five deaths have been associated with methylhexanamine-containing supplements. It is banned by many sports authorities and governmental agencies. Despite multiple warning letters from the FDA, as of 2019, the stimulant remains available in sports and weight loss supplements in the US. History In April 1944, Eli Lilly and Company introduced methylhexanamine ...
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