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Maria Madlen Madsen
Maria Madlen Madsen (23 March 1905 – 23 March 1990), temporarily also under the stage name Gerda Hansi, was a German operatic soprano, theatre, film and television actress. Life Training period Born in Krefeld, Madsen grew up in Hamburg, went to school there and studied classical singing with Robert Dähmke for four years. Under the stage name Gerda Hansi she first worked between 1926 and 1929 as a ''program employee'' (singer) for the Süddeutscher Rundfunk and became known there as the "Schwäbische Nachtigall" (Swabian Nightingale). She also took part in a new form of broadcasting which was popular among the listeners at the time, the Stadt-Portraits presented as a radio play. Parallel to this she was taught in Stuttgart by the pedagogue Daimler. Career From 1929 to 1934, she was engaged by the Opernhaus Zürich in Switzerland, where she took part in the premiere of Zemlinsky's ''Der Kreidekreis (opera), Der Kreidekreis'' in 1933. From 1934, she was engaged by the Op ...
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Stage Name
A stage name or professional name is a pseudonym used by performers, authors, and entertainers—such as actors, comedians, singers, and musicians. The equivalent concept among writers is called a ''nom de plume'' (pen name). Some performers eventually choose to adopt their stage name as a legal name. Such professional aliases are adopted for a wide variety of reasons and may be similar or nearly identical to an individual's birth name or be inspired by Nickname, nicknames or Maiden Name, maiden names. Some people take a stage name because their birth name is difficult to pronounce or spell; is considered unattractive, dull, or unintentionally amusing; or projects an undesired image. Sometimes a performer adopts a name that is unusual or outlandish to attract attention. Some individuals use a stage name because their birth name is already being used by another notable individual, including names that are not exactly the same but still too similar; many guilds and associations ...
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Hamburg State Opera
The Hamburg State Opera (in German: ) is a German opera company based in Hamburg. Its theatre is near the square of Gänsemarkt. Since 2015, the current ''Intendant'' of the company is Georges Delnon, and the current ''Generalmusikdirektor'' of the company is Kent Nagano. History Opera in Hamburg dates to 2 January 1678 when the Oper am Gänsemarkt was inaugurated with a performance of a biblical Singspiel by Johann Theile. It was not a court theatre but the first public opera house in Germany established by the art-loving citizens of Hamburg, a prosperous member of the Hanseatic League. The Hamburg ''Bürgeroper'' resisted the dominance of the Italianate style and rapidly became the leading musical center of the German Baroque. In 1703, George Friedrich Handel was engaged as violinist and harpsichordist and performances of his operas were not long in appearing. In 1705, Hamburg gave the world première of his opera ''Nero''. In 1721, Georg Philipp Telemann, a central ...
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Helge Rosvaenge
Helge Rosvaenge (born Helge Anton Rosenvinge Hansen, 29 August 189717 June 1972) was a Danish-born operatic tenor whose career was centred on Germany and Austria, before, during and after World War II. His last name is sometimes spelled Roswaenge or Rosvænge. Rosvaenge was born in Copenhagen. However, his life was spent in Germany, and he made his debut at Neustrelitz as Don Jose in '' Carmen'' in 1921. Engagements followed at Altenburg, Basel, Cologne (1927–30) and the Berlin State Opera, where he was leading tenor from 1930 to 1944, being especially distinguished in the Italian repertory. He also sang regularly at the Vienna State Opera from 1936, and in Munich. Rosvaenge also appeared at the Salzburg Festival, making his debut there in '' Der Rosenkavalier''. Other roles which he performed at Salzburg between 1933 and 1939 were Tamino in '' The Magic Flute'', Huon in '' Oberon'' and Florestan in '' Fidelio''. His London debut at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, oc ...
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Otto Von Rohr (bass)
Otto von Rohr (24 February 1914 – 5 July 1982) was a German operatic bass. Life Von Rohr was born in Berlin. After his education at the Musikhochschule Berlin with Hermann Weißenborn, he made his debut 1938 at the Theater Duisburg as Sarastro in ''The Magic Flute''. He remained there until 1941 and was then engaged at the Staatstheater Stuttgart between 1941 and 1979. There he performed until his death in Leonberg Recordings (selection) * Wagner: ''Lohengrin'', with Otto von Rohr, Herbert Schachtschneider (Lohengrin), Leonore Kirschstein (Elsa), Heinz Imdahl (Friedrich von Telramund), Ruth Hesse (Ortrud), Hans Helm, Konzertvereinigung Wiener Staatsopernchor, Large symphony orchestra (with members of the Czech Philharmonic), conductors: Hans Swarowsky Hans Swarowsky (September 16, 1899September 10, 1975) was an Austrian conductor of Hungarian birth. Swarowsky was born in Budapest, Hungary. He studied the art of conducting under Felix Weingartner and Rich ...
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Karl Friedrich (tenor)
Karl Friedrich (15 January 1905 – 8 April 1981) was an Austrian operatic tenor. A member of the Vienna State Opera from 1938 to 1970, he is regarded as one of the leading tenors at the house during World War II and afterwards. Life Born in Vienna, Friedrich began as an apprentice metalworker. He studied voice at the Vienna Academy. He had his first engagement in 1931 in Karlsruhe, the following year in Ulm, the next year in Stralsund, from 1934 in Magdeburg, and from 1936 in Düsseldorf. In 1937, he was invited to appear as Don José in Bizet's ''Carmen'' at the Vienna State Opera. A reviewer noted: "We have heard the flower aria only from Romanesque singers with the same passion and with such flowery lips, rarely with such beautiful ''messa di voce''". He then performed at the Salzburg Festival as Adolar in Weber's ''Euryanthe'', conducted by Bruno Walter. Friedrich became a member of the Vienna State Opera on 1 September 1938 and remained at the house until 1970. He sang t ...
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Ferdinand Frantz
Ferdinand Frantz (February 8, 1906 in Kassel – May 26, 1959 in Munich), was a German operatic bass-baritone. He was well known in his time for his performances in the operas of Richard Wagner. Fond of music as a boy, he joined a choral society in Kassel and at 16 was chosen to take a small solo part.Opera. June 1954, p339 Four years of vocal training ensued. Frantz's first role was in the Kassel Staatstheater in 1927, playing Hermann Ortel in a production of Wagner's '' Die Meistersinger''. He sang at the Halle Opera House from 1930 to 1932, then in Chemnitz from 1932 to 1937, and then in Hamburg with the Hamburg State Opera from 1937 to 1943. In 1943, he began singing with the Munich State Opera, where he would sing until the year of his death. Frantz was a guest artist at the Vienna Staatsoper, Semper Oper in Dresden, at La Scala, and Covent Garden. He debuted at the Metropolitan Opera in 1949, portraying Wotan in Wagner's ''Die Walküre''. This role caused some constern ...
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Franz Fehringer
Franz Fehringer (7September 191015March 1988) was a German operatic tenor, particularly associated with light lyric roles in the German, Italian, and French repertories. Fehringer was born in Nussloch. He studied in Karlsruhe with Jan van Gorkom and Dr. Zimmermann, and made his debut there in 1934, in the tenor part of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, the following year he appeared in Handel's ''Serse'', and later in '' Rodelinda''. He remained in Karlsruhe until 1938, and during the war, he sang mostly in Wiesbaden and on German radio. After the war, he appeared in Cologne, Frankfurt, Hamburg, while continuing singing on radio. He made a few guest appearances abroad, notably in Hilversum and Paris. Notables roles included Don Ottavio, Almaviva, Tonio, Hoffmann, Hans, Narraboth, etc. Fehringer was also very popular in operetta (many recordings were made with conductor Franz Marszalek), and was an admired recitalist of lieder. Beginning in 1960, he taught at the Musikhochschul ...
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Trude Eipperle
Trude Eipperle (27 January 1908 – 18 October 1997) was a German operatic soprano. Life Born in Stuttgart, Eipperle studied at the Musikhochschule in her native Stuttgart, and made her stage debut in Wiesbaden, in 1930. She sang in Nuremberg (1930–34), Brunswick (1934–37), Munich (1938–44), Cologne (1945–51), and Stuttgart from 1951 onwards. She also appeared at the Salzburg Festival in 1942. She made guest appearances in Vienna, Milan, Barcelona, Lisbon, Brussels, Monte Carlo, Paris and London. Her repertory included Countess Almaviva, Pamina, Agathe, Elisabeth, Elsa, Eva, Marschallin, Arabella, Empress/Kaiserin (Die Frau ohne Schatten), but she was also admired as Desdemona in Verdi's ''Otello'', Mimi in ''La boheme'', and Cio-Cio-San in ''Madama Butterfly''. Selected discography * ''Lohengrin'' – Peter Anders, Trude Eipperle, Helena Braun, Carl Kronenberg, Josef Greindl, Gunther Ambrosius, Cologne Radio Chorus and Orchestra, Richard Kraus; Cantus Classi ...
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Hessischer Rundfunk
(; "Hesse Broadcasting"), shortened to HR (; stylized as hr), is the German state of Hesse's public broadcasting corporation. Headquartered in Frankfurt, it is a member of the national consortium of German public broadcasting corporations, ARD. Studios Dornbusch Broadcasting House, in Bertramstraße, Frankfurt am Main, is home to HR's principal radio and television studios. There are additional radio and television studios in Kassel and Wiesbaden, as well as further radio studios in Darmstadt, Fulda, and Gießen. HR also maintains offices in Berlin, Eltville, Erbach, Limburg an der Lahn, and Marburg. In 2000, HR opened studios on the 53rd floor of the Main Tower in Frankfurt city centre. The corporation is also responsible for the management of ARD's studios in Madrid and Prague. Finance Licensing fees are currently €17.50 per month. Since 2013, every household has been liable for this fee, whether or not there are radio or TV receivers present. The fee is collected b ...
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Paris Opera
The Paris Opera ( ) is the primary opera and ballet company of France. It was founded in 1669 by Louis XIV as the , and shortly thereafter was placed under the leadership of Jean-Baptiste Lully and officially renamed the , but continued to be known more simply as the . Classical ballet as it is known today arose within the Paris Opera as the Paris Opera Ballet and has remained an integral and important part of the company. Currently called the , it mainly produces operas at its modern 2,723-seat theatre Opéra Bastille which opened in 1989, and ballets and some classical operas at the older 1,979-seat Palais Garnier which opened in 1875. Small scale and contemporary works are also staged in the 500-seat Amphitheatre under the Opéra Bastille. The company's annual budget is in the order of 200 million euros, of which €100M come from the French state and €70M from box office receipts. With this money, the company runs the two houses and supports a large permanent staff, wh ...
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Bologna
Bologna ( , , ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in northern Italy. It is the List of cities in Italy, seventh most populous city in Italy, with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different nationalities. Its Metropolitan City of Bologna, metropolitan province is home to more than 1 million people. Bologna is most famous for being the home to the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, oldest university in continuous operation,Top Universities
''World University Rankings'' Retrieved 6 January 2010
Hunt Janin: "The university in medieval life, 1179–1499", McFarland, 2008, , p. 55f.de Ridder-Symoens, Hilde

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Belgrade
Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. The population of the Belgrade metropolitan area is 1,685,563 according to the 2022 census. It is one of the Balkans#Urbanization, major cities of Southeast Europe and the List of cities and towns on the river Danube, third-most populous city on the river Danube. Belgrade is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe and the world. One of the most important prehistoric cultures of Europe, the Vinča culture, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, Thracians, Thraco-Dacians inhabited the region and, after 279 BC, Celts settled the city, naming it ''Singidunum, Singidūn''. It was Roman Serbia, conquered by the Romans under the reign of Augustus and ...
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