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Margery Abrahams
Margery Annie Abrahams (1896 – 1983) was a British dietitian who helped organise the Kindertransport scheme to rescue children from the Holocaust. Early life and education She was born in 1896, the only child of medical doctor Bertram Abrams and his wife Jane, ''née'' Simmons, a concert pianist. Both parents were from long-established Jewish families. She grew up in Amersham, and was raised by her maternal uncle after being orphaned at fourteen. In about 1918, Margery worked at the Zion Institute as the secretary of Benjamin Cohen, who remained a lifelong friend and a benefactor of her humanitarian efforts. Margery was one of the first women admitted to degrees at the University of Oxford when she gained an MA in history in 1920 at Somerville College. In 1927, she gained an MSc from Columbia University, New York, with a thesis on infant nutrition. Career and humanitarian work As hospitals began to create posts for dietitians, she was taken on at St Bartholomew’s Hospit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kindertransport
The ''Kindertransport'' (German for "children's transport") was an organised rescue effort of children from Nazi Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...-controlled territory that took place in 1938–1939 during the nine months prior to the outbreak of the Second World War. The United Kingdom took in nearly 10,000 children, most of them Jewish, from Nazi Germany, Germany, Austria under National Socialism, Austria, First Czechoslovak Republic, Czechoslovakia, Second Polish Republic, Poland, and the Free City of Danzig. The children were placed in British foster homes, hostels, schools, and farms. Often they were the only members of their families who survived the Holocaust. The programme was supported, publicised, and encouraged by the British government, which waiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Holocaust
The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were carried out primarily through mass shootings and poison gas in extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz concentration camp#Auschwitz II-Birkenau, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka extermination camp, Treblinka, Belzec extermination camp, Belzec, Sobibor extermination camp, Sobibor, and Chełmno extermination camp, Chełmno in Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupied Poland. Separate Nazi persecutions killed a similar or larger number of non-Jewish civilians and prisoners of war (POWs); the term ''Holocaust'' is sometimes used to include the murder and persecution of Victims of Nazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amersham
Amersham ( ) is a market town and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, in the Chiltern Hills, northwest of central London, south-east of Aylesbury and north-east of High Wycombe. Amersham is part of the London commuter belt. There are two distinct areas: * Old Amersham, set in the valley of the River Misbourne, containing the 13th-century parish church of St Mary's Church, Old Amersham, St. Mary's and several old pubs and coaching inns * Amersham-on-the-Hill, which grew in the early 20th century around Amersham station, which was served by the Metropolitan Railway (now the Metropolitan line) and the Great Central Railway. Geography Old Amersham occupies the valley floor of the River Misbourne. This is a chalk stream which dries up periodically. The river occupies a valley much larger than it is possible for a river the size of the present River Misbourne to cut, which makes it a misfit stream. The valley floor is at around Ordnance Datum, OD, and the valley top is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benjamin V
Benjamin ( ''Bīnyāmīn''; "Son of (the) right") blue letter bible: https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/h3225/kjv/wlc/0-1/ H3225 - yāmîn - Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (kjv) was the younger of the two sons of Jacob and Rachel, and Jacob's twelfth and youngest son overall in Jewish, Christian and Islamic tradition. He was also considered the progenitor of the Israelite Tribe of Benjamin. Unlike Rachel's first son, Joseph, Benjamin was born in Canaan according to biblical narrative. In the Samaritan Pentateuch, Benjamin's name appears as "" (Samaritan Hebrew: , "son of days"). In the Quran, Benjamin is referred to as a righteous young child, who remained with Jacob when the older brothers plotted against Joseph. Later rabbinic traditions name him as one of four ancient Israelites who died without sin, the other three being Chileab, Jesse and Amram. Name The name is first mentioned in letters from King Sîn-kāšid of Uruk (1801–1771 BC), who called himself “King of Amnanum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Women Admitted To Degrees At The University Of Oxford
In 1920, the University of Oxford admitted women to degrees for the first time during the Michaelmas term. The conferrals took place at the Sheldonian Theatre on 14 October, 26 October, 29 October, 30 October and 13 November. That same year, on 7 October, women also became eligible for admission as full members of the university. Before 1920, it is estimated that around 4,000 women studied at Oxford since the opening of the university's first women's colleges in 1879. One graduate was Annie Rogers, who took undergraduate exams in 1875 and 1877 and was finally given a degree in 1920, when she was 64 years old. The last survivor of the first conferral ceremony was Constance Savery, who died at the age of 101 in 1999. History For the first six centuries of its existence, the University of Oxford was only open to male students. In 1873, Annie Rogers sat for the Oxford school examination and came out on top, automatically qualifying for an exhibition at Balliol College, Oxford ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somerville College, Oxford
Somerville College is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. It was founded in 1879 as Somerville Hall, one of its first two women's colleges. It began admitting men in 1994. The college's liberal tone derives from its founding by Liberal Party (UK), social liberals, as Oxford's first Nondenominational Christianity, non-denominational college for women, unlike the Anglicanism, Anglican Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, Lady Margaret Hall, the other to open that year. In 1964, it was among the first to cease locking up at night to stop students staying out late. No Academic dress of the University of Oxford#gowns, gowns are worn at Formal (university), formal halls. In 2021 it was recognised as a sanctuary campus by City of Sanctuary (UK), City of Sanctuary UK. It is one of three colleges to offer undergraduates on-site lodging throughout their course. It stands near the Science Area, Oxford, Science Area, University Parks, Ox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church (Manhattan), Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher education in New York (state), New York and the fifth-First university in the United States, oldest in the United States. Columbia was established as a Colonial colleges, colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College (New York), Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York, a private board of trustees headed by former students Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. In 1896, the campus was moved to its current location in Morningside Heights and renamed Columbia University. Columbia is organized into twenty schoo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elsie Widdowson
Elsie Widdowson (21 October 1906 – 14 June 2000), was a British dietitian and nutritionist. Alongside her research partner, Dr. Robert McCance (pediatrician, physiologist, biochemist, and nutritionist), they were responsible for overseeing the government-mandated addition of vitamins to food and wartime rationing in Britain during World War II. Early life Widdowson was born in Wallington, Surrey on 21 October 1906 to Rose Elphick and Harry Widdowson. Her father, Thomas Henry (known as Harry), was from Grantham in Lincolnshire and moved to Battersea as a grocer's assistant. Her father eventually owned a stationery business, whilst her mother Rose, originally from Dorking, worked as a dressmaker. Her younger sister Eva Crane trained as a nuclear physicist but became a world-renowned authority on bees. The entire family was a part of the Plymouth Brethren. As a child, both Elsie and her sister lived in Dulwich, a small village in south London, England. They both attended S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Dietetic Association
The British Dietetic Association (BDA) is a trade union for dietitians in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1936 and became a certified union in 1982. It is affiliated to the Trades Union Congress and the Scottish Trades Union Congress. History of Dietetics and the BDA Modern dietetics first began in the middle of the nineteenth century when Florence Nightingale observed the importance of diet and nutrition in warfare, during her time as a nurse in the Crimean War. Following the appearance of the first dietitians in the United States at the start of the twentieth century, the first UK dietitians came from nursing sisters, then working in hospitals. The Edinburgh Royal Infirmary was the first hospital known to develop a dietetic department in 1924. The Infirmary launched the first dietetic diploma course around ten years after the creation of its dietetic department. During this time, the BDA was formed - with their first meeting held on 24 January 1936 at St Thomas’ Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland became part of Nazi Germany, while the country lost further territories to First Vienna Award, Hungary and Trans-Olza, Poland (the territories of southern Slovakia with a predominantly Hungarian population to Hungary and Zaolzie with a predominantly Polish population to Poland). Between 1939 and 1945, the state ceased to exist, as Slovak state, Slovakia proclaimed its independence and Carpathian Ruthenia became part of Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary, while the German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was proclaimed in the remainder of the Czech Lands. In 1939, after the outbreak of World War II, former Czechoslovak President Edvard Beneš formed Czechoslovak government-in-exile, a government-in-exile and sought recognition from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1896 Births
Events January * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery, last November, of a type of electromagnetic radiation, later known as X-rays. * January 6 – Cecil Rhodes is forced to resign as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony, Cape of Good Hope for his involvement in the Jameson Raid. * January 7 – American culinary expert Fannie Farmer publishes her first cookbook. * January 12 – H. L. Smith takes the first X-ray photograph. * January 16 – Devonport High School for Boys is founded in Plymouth (England). * January 17 – Anglo-Ashanti wars#Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War (1895–1896), Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War: British British Army, redcoats enter the Ashanti people, Ashanti capital, Kumasi, and Asantehene Agyeman Prempeh I is deposed. * January 28 – Walter Arnold, of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1983 Deaths
1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning of the true Internet). * January 6 – Pope John Paul II appoints a bishop over the Czechoslovak exile community, which the ''Rudé právo'' newspaper calls a "provocation." This begins a year-long disagreement between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Vatican City, Vatican, leading to the eventual restoration of diplomatic relations between the two states. * January 14 – The head of Bangladesh's military dictatorship, Hussain Muhammad Ershad, announces his intentions to "turn Bangladesh into an Islamic state." * January 18 – United States Secretary of the Interior, U.S. Secretary of the Interior James G. Watt makes controversial remarks blaming poor living conditions on Indian reservation, Native American re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
