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Marcus Junius Nipsus
Marcus Junius Nipsus (or Nypsus) was a second-century Roman Gromatici, gromatic writer, who also dealt with various Ancient mathematics, mathematical questions. His surviving writings are preserved in the ''Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum'', a compilation of Latin works on land surveying made in the 4th or 5th centuries AD. Name and transmission A work in the ''Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum'' is introduced with the words ''incipit Marci Iuni Nipsi liber II feliciter'' ("Here begins Marcus Junius Nipsus' second book, well"). Unfortunately, almost nothing is known about this individual. In his work, he gives no information on himself and no other references to him have survived. The text often addresses the reader directly, e.g. ''cum in agro assignato veneris'' ("when you come to an assigned piece of land", Nipsius ''La'' 286.12) which suggests that it was intended as a practical handbook and it is generally agreed that it was written in the 2nd century AD. The work is only transmi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gromatici
''Gromatici'' (from Latin '' groma'' or ''gruma'', a surveyor's pole) or ''agrimensores'' was the name for land surveyors amongst the ancient Romans. The "gromatic writers" were technical writers who codified their techniques of surveying, most of whose preserved writings are found in the '' Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum''. History Roman Republic At the foundation of a colony and the assignation of lands the auspices were taken, for which purpose the presence of the augur was necessary. But the business of the augur did not extend beyond the religious part of the ceremony: the division and measurement of the land were made by professional measurers. These were the ''finitores'' mentioned by the early writers, who in the later periods were called ''mensores'' and ''agrimensores''. The business of a ''finitor'' could only be done by a free man, and the honourable nature of his office is indicated by the rule that there was no bargain for his services, but he received his pay i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euclidean Geometry
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry: the ''Elements''. Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions ( theorems) from these. Although many of Euclid's results had been stated earlier,. Euclid was the first to organize these propositions into a logical system in which each result is '' proved'' from axioms and previously proved theorems. The ''Elements'' begins with plane geometry, still taught in secondary school (high school) as the first axiomatic system and the first examples of mathematical proofs. It goes on to the solid geometry of three dimensions. Much of the ''Elements'' states results of what are now called algebra and number theory, explained in geometrical language. For more than two thousand years, the adjective "Euclidean" was unnecessary because no other sort of geom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Tolkiehn
Johannes is a Medieval Latin form of the personal name that usually appears as "John" in English language contexts. It is a variant of the Greek and Classical Latin variants (Ιωάννης, ''Ioannes''), itself derived from the Hebrew name '' Yehochanan'', meaning "Yahweh is gracious". The name became popular in Northern Europe, especially in Germany because of Christianity. Common German variants for Johannes are ''Johann'', ''Hannes'', ''Hans'' (diminutized to ''Hänschen'' or ''Hänsel'', as known from "''Hansel and Gretel''", a fairy tale by the Grimm brothers), ''Jens'' (from Danish) and ''Jan'' (from Dutch, and found in many countries). In the Netherlands, Johannes was without interruption the most common masculine birth name until 1989. The English equivalent for Johannes is John. In other languages *Joan, Jan, Gjon, Gjin and Gjovalin in Albanian *'' Yoe'' or '' Yohe'', uncommon American form''Dictionary of American Family Names'', Oxford University Press, 2013. *Yaḥyā ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Okko Behrends
''Okko'' is a comic book written and illustrated by Hubert Chabuel also known as Hub, with colors done by Hub and Stephan Pecayo. It was originally published in French as a series of cycles in 2005. An English translation by Edward Gauvin began to be published in 2006 by the French Delcourt (publisher), Delcourt, Archaia Studios Press. Although it is a comic book, the series is contains adult content, graphic violence, and nudity; it is thus intended for mature readers. Premise The action of the first cycle of ''Okko'' takes place at the far end of the known lands of the Empire of Pajan. Pajan itself is a vast and diversified island, surrounded by a multitude of archipelagoes. Its name is derived from that of its Imperial Family. Though the Pajans have reigned for a millennium, in the last few decades three major families—the ''Ataku'', the ''Bashimon'', and the ''Yommo''—have called into question their legitimacy and now refuse to cease their battles against the Imperial F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulrich Schindel
Ulrich Schindel (September 10, 1935 in Frankfurt am Main) is a German classical philologist. He earned his doctorate from the University of Göttingen in 1961, his thesis being ''Demosthenes in the 18th century'' (''Demosthenes im 18. Jahrhundert''). In 1971, Schindel received his habilitation. From 1974 to 1976 he was associate professor until he succeeded Will Richter as Full Professor of Classics. He taught Latin and Greek literature until his retirement as professor emeritus in 2003. His main field of study is the history and transmission of ancient grammatic and rhetoric literature. Also, Schindel is interested in reception history Reception theory is a version of reader response literary theory that emphasizes each particular reader's reception or interpretation in making meaning from a literary text. Reception theory is generally referred to as audience reception in the a ... and the history of classical scholarship. References University of Göttingen(published works ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cosima Möller
Cosima is a feminine given name, the feminine version of the name Cosimo. It is derived from the Greek (), meaning 'order', 'decency'. Cosmo was a fourth-century saint who was martyred with his brother Damian. They are the patron saints of medical doctors. An Italian male version of the name is ''Cosimo''. Masculine variants *Côme (French) *Cosimo (Italian) *Cosma (Italian) *Cosme (French), (Portuguese), (Spanish) *Cosmin (Romanian) *Cosmo (English), (German), (Italian) *Kuzma (Russian) *Kosma (Polish) Feminine variants *Cosmina (Romanian) *Cosma *Cosme *Kosma People *Cosima De Vito (born 1976), Australian singer-songwriter. *Cosima Diamond, daughter of Nigella Lawson and the late John Diamond. *Cosima Littlewood, young actress who played Adèle in the 2006 mini series ''Jane Eyre'' *Cosima von Bülow Pavoncelli *Cosima Wagner (1837–1930), diarist and director of the Bayreuth Festival, daughter of Franz Liszt and widow of Richard Wagner * Lady Cosima Windsor, (born 2010), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eberhard Knobloch
Eberhard Knobloch (born 6 November 1943, in Görlitz) is a German historian of science and mathematics. Career From 1962 to 1967 Knobloch studied classics and mathematics at the University of Berlin and the Technical University of Berlin, after which he passed his state examination as a high school teacher and even as a high school teacher in ancient languages at Goethe began high school in Berlin before 1970 as a research assistant in the history of science back to the TU Berlin was, where he in 1972 with a thesis on Leibniz's combinatorial in Scriba, Christoph received his doctorate. From 1973 he was professor of mathematics at the College of Education in Berlin . In 1976 he qualified as a professor in Berlin and was a visiting scholar at Oxford, London and Edinburgh. Since 1976 he is head of the math sections of the Academy edition of the works of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (and later the technical-scientific parts). In 1981 he became professor of history of science at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menso Folkerts
Menso Folkerts (born 22 June 1943) is a German mathematician and writer of popular science books. Early life Career From 1980 to 2008 he was a professor at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He was as a contributor to the Encyclopedia Britannica. Awards He received the Kenneth O. May Prize Kenneth O. May Prize and Medal in history of mathematics is an award of the International Commission on the History of Mathematics (ICHM) "for the encouragement and promotion of the history of mathematics internationally". It was established in 19 ... in 2013. Bibliography His publications include: * ''Essays on Early Medieval Mathematics: The Latin Tradition'' * ''Sourcebook in the Mathematics of Medieval Europe and North Africa'' References External links Official WebsiteGenealogy {{DEFAULTSORT:Folkerts, Menso 20th-century German mathematicians 1943 births Living people Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moritz Cantor
Moritz Benedikt Cantor (23 August 1829 – 10 April 1920) was a German historian of mathematics. Biography Cantor was born at Mannheim. He came from a Sephardi Jewish family that had emigrated to the Netherlands from Portugal, another branch of which had established itself in Russia. In his early youth, Moritz Cantor was not strong enough to go to school, and his parents decided to educate him at home. Later, however, he was admitted to an advanced class of the Gymnasium in Mannheim. From there he went to the University of Heidelberg in 1848, and soon after to the University of Göttingen, where he studied under Gauss and Weber, and where Stern awakened in him a strong interest in historical research. After obtaining his PhD at the University of Heidelberg in 1851, he went to Berlin, where he eagerly followed the lectures of Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet; and upon his return to Heidelberg in 1853, he was appointed privat-docent at the university. In 1863, he was promoted to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Number
In mathematics, the natural numbers are those numbers used for counting (as in "there are ''six'' coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the ''third'' largest city in the country"). Numbers used for counting are called '' cardinal numbers'', and numbers used for ordering are called '' ordinal numbers''. Natural numbers are sometimes used as labels, known as ''nominal numbers'', having none of the properties of numbers in a mathematical sense (e.g. sports jersey numbers). Some definitions, including the standard ISO 80000-2, begin the natural numbers with , corresponding to the non-negative integers , whereas others start with , corresponding to the positive integers Texts that exclude zero from the natural numbers sometimes refer to the natural numbers together with zero as the whole numbers, while in other writings, that term is used instead for the integers (including negative integers). The natural numbers form a set. Many other number sets are built by succ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythagorean Triple
A Pythagorean triple consists of three positive integers , , and , such that . Such a triple is commonly written , and a well-known example is . If is a Pythagorean triple, then so is for any positive integer . A primitive Pythagorean triple is one in which , and are coprime (that is, they have no common divisor larger than 1). For example, is a primitive Pythagorean triple whereas is not. A triangle whose sides form a Pythagorean triple is called a Pythagorean triangle, and is necessarily a right triangle. The name is derived from the Pythagorean theorem, stating that every right triangle has side lengths satisfying the formula a^2+b^2=c^2; thus, Pythagorean triples describe the three integer side lengths of a right triangle. However, right triangles with non-integer sides do not form Pythagorean triples. For instance, the triangle with sides a=b=1 and c=\sqrt2 is a right triangle, but (1,1,\sqrt2) is not a Pythagorean triple because \sqrt2 is not an integer. Moreover, 1 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythagorean Theorem
In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle. It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides. This theorem can be written as an equation relating the lengths of the sides ''a'', ''b'' and the hypotenuse ''c'', often called the Pythagorean equation: :a^2 + b^2 = c^2 , The theorem is named for the Greek philosopher Pythagoras, born around 570 BC. The theorem has been proven numerous times by many different methods – possibly the most for any mathematical theorem. The proofs are diverse, including both geometric proofs and algebraic proofs, with some dating back thousands of years. When Euclidean space is represented by a Cartesian coordinate system in analytic geometry, Euclidean distance satisfies the Pythagorean relation: the squared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
