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Marasmiellus Dichrous
''Marasmiellus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Omphalotaceae. The widespread genus, circumscribed by American mycologist William Murrill in 1915, contains over 250 species. The name comes from the Greek ''marasmus'' meaning ''wasting''. Morphology and life cycle The morphology of ''Marasmiellus'' has received little attention compared to other genera of ''Omphalotaceae'', mainly due to their uncolorful pileus, small basidiocarps, and little variation in morphological characters. These factors complicate delimitations of species within this genus. Species of ''Marasmiellus'' have prostrate and diverticulate hyphae, which have no clear orientation. However, it has been observed that other hyphae can aggregate in fascicles and be radially oriented. Furthermore, cheilocystidia arise from horizontal hyphae and are frequently embedded in the hymenium, often being prostrate. Some species of ''Marasmiellus'' use basidiospore germination, and distinguishing different genera based on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marasmiellus Ramealis
''Marasmiellus ramealis'' is a species of mushroom-forming fungus of the family Marasmiaceae. External links * Fungi described in 1788 Marasmiaceae Fungus species {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiospore
A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell (biology), cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for Autosome, autosomal and Pseudoautosomal region, pseudoautosomal genes. Here ''sets of chromosomes'' refers to the num ... nucleus (biology), nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidium, basidia. Typically, four basidiospores develop on appendages from each basidium, of which two are of one Strain (biology), strain and the other two of its opposite strain. In gills under a cap of one common species, there exist millions of basidia. Some gilled mushrooms in the order Agaricales have the ability to release billions of spores. The puffball fungus ''Calvatia gigantea'' has been calculated to produce about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marasmiellus Purpureus
''Marasmiellus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Omphalotaceae. The widespread genus, circumscribed by American mycologist William Murrill in 1915, contains over 250 species. The name comes from the Greek ''marasmus'' meaning ''wasting''. Morphology and life cycle The morphology of ''Marasmiellus'' has received little attention compared to other genera of ''Omphalotaceae'', mainly due to their uncolorful pileus, small basidiocarps, and little variation in morphological characters. These factors complicate delimitations of species within this genus. Species of ''Marasmiellus'' have prostrate and diverticulate hyphae, which have no clear orientation. However, it has been observed that other hyphae can aggregate in fascicles and be radially oriented. Furthermore, cheilocystidia arise from horizontal hyphae and are frequently embedded in the hymenium, often being prostrate. Some species of ''Marasmiellus'' use basidiospore germination, and distinguishing different genera based o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizomorph
Mycelial cords are linear aggregations of parallel-oriented hyphae. The mature cords are composed of wide, empty vessel hyphae surrounded by narrower sheathing hyphae. Cords may look similar to plant roots, and also frequently have similar functions; hence they are also called rhizomorphs (literally, "root-forms"). As well as growing underground or on the surface of trees and other plants, some fungi make mycelial cords which hang in the air from vegetation. Mycelial cords are capable of conducting nutrients over long distances. For instance, they can transfer nutrients to a developing fruiting body, or enable wood-rotting fungi to grow through soil from an established food base in search of new food sources. For parasitic fungi, they can help spread infection by growing from established clusters to uninfected parts. The cords of some wood-rotting fungi (like ''Serpula lacrymans'') may be capable of penetrating masonry. The mechanism of the cord formation is not yet precisely un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasitism
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives (at least some of the time) on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson characterised parasites' way of feeding as "predators that eat prey in units of less than one". Parasites include single-celled protozoans such as the agents of malaria, sleeping sickness, and amoebic dysentery; animals such as hookworms, lice, mosquitoes, and vampire bats; fungi such as honey fungus and the agents of ringworm; and plants such as mistletoe, dodder, and the broomrapes. There are six major parasitic strategies of exploitation of animal hosts, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism (by contact), trophicallytransmitted parasitism (by being eaten), vector-transmitted parasitism, parasitoidism, and micropredation. One major axis of classification concerns invasiveness: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saprotrophic Nutrition
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi (e.g. '' Mucor'') and with soil bacteria. Saprotrophic microscopic fungi are sometimes called saprobes. - "The word saprophyte and its derivatives, implying that a fungus is a plant, can be replaced by saprobe (σαπρός + βίος), which is without such implication." Saprotrophic plants or bacterial flora are called saprophytes ( ''sapro-'' 'rotten material' + ''-phyte'' 'plant'), although it is now believed that all plants previously thought to be saprotrophic are in fact parasites of microscopic fungi or of other plants. In fungi, the saprotrophic process is most often facilitated through the active transport of such materials through endocytosis within the internal mycelium and its constituent hyphae. states the purpose of sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pileipellis
The pileipellis is the uppermost layer of hyphae in the pileus of a fungal fruit body. It covers the trama, the fleshy tissue of the fruit body. The pileipellis is more or less synonymous with the cuticle, but the cuticle generally describes this layer as a macroscopic feature, while pileipellis refers to this structure as a microscopic layer. Pileipellis type is an important character in the identification of fungi. Pileipellis types include the cutis, trichoderm, epithelium, and hymeniderm types. Types Cutis A cutis is a type of pileipellis characterized by hyphae that are repent, that is, that run parallel to the pileus surface. In an ixocutis, the hyphae are gelatinous. Trichoderm In a trichoderm, the outermost hyphae emerge roughly parallel, like hairs, perpendicular to the cap surface. The prefix "tricho-" comes from a Greek word for "hair". In an ixotrichodermium, the outermost hyphae are gelatinous. Epithelium An epithelium is a pileipellis consisting of rounded ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omphalinoid
''Omphalina'' is a genus of small agarics with white, nonamyloid, basidiospores and decurrent gills. Typically the cap has a deep central depression giving the umbrella-like to funnel-shaped cap the appearance of a belly button, or a belly with a navel. Similarly-shaped agarics are said to be omphalinoid in appearance. Etymology ''Omphalina'' is the diminutive of ''Omphalia'' which is a reference to the belly button or navel-like appearance of the small dome-shaped caps with a central depression. It derives from the Greek word omphalos. Historical nomenclatural confusion The generic name ''Omphalina'' is an ancient one, linked to the even older mushroom name ''Omphalia'' which cannot be used because it is an illegitimate later homonym. Historically, the former was generally applied to any white-spored, similarly sized and shaped mushroom. As a result, many species that still are labeled ''Omphalina'', or were labeled ''Omphalia'' are in fact not true Omphalinas. The now conserve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
