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Mangyshlak Peninsula
Mangyshlak or Mangghyshlaq Peninsula (; ) is a large peninsula located in western Kazakhstan. It borders on the Caspian Sea in the west and with the Buzachi Peninsula, a marshy sub-feature of the main peninsula, in the northeast. The Tyuleniy Archipelago lies off the northern shores of the peninsula. The area is between desert and semidesert with a harsh continental dry climate. There are no rivers and no fresh water springs. Geologically, the Mangyshlak Peninsula is part of the Ustyurt Plateau. To the north, three mountain ranges stretch across the peninsula, the North and South Aktau Range and the Mangystau Range, with the highest point reaching 555 m. Administratively, the peninsula is in Kazakhstan's Mangystau Province. The largest city, and the capital of the province, is Aktau (formerly Shevchenko). Etymology Several etymologies have been proposed for the name of the peninsula: * The peninsula's name stems from ''Man Qışlağ'', meaning "sheep wintering ground" in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peninsula
A peninsula is a landform that extends from a mainland and is only connected to land on one side. Peninsulas exist on each continent. The largest peninsula in the world is the Arabian Peninsula. Etymology The word ''peninsula'' derives , . The word entered English in the 16th century. Definitions A peninsula is generally defined as a piece of land surrounded on most sides by water. A peninsula may be bordered by more than one body of water, and the body of water does not have to be an ocean or a sea. A piece of land on a very tight river bend or one between two rivers is sometimes said to form a peninsula, for example in the New Barbadoes Neck in New Jersey, United States. A peninsula may be connected to the mainland via an isthmus, for example, in the Isthmus of Corinth which connects to the Peloponnese peninsula. Formation and types Peninsulas can be formed from continental drift, glacial erosion, meltwater, glacial meltwater, glacial deposition (geology), deposition, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Springer Science & Business Media
Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing. Originally founded in 1842 in Berlin, it expanded internationally in the 1960s, and through mergers in the 1990s and a sale to venture capitalists it fused with Wolters Kluwer and eventually became part of Springer Nature in 2015. Springer has major offices in Berlin, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, and New York City. History Julius Springer founded Springer-Verlag in Berlin in 1842 and his son Ferdinand Springer grew it from a small firm of 4 employees into Germany's then second-largest academic publisher with 65 staff in 1872.Chronology ". Springer Science+Business Media. In 1964, Springer expanded its business internationally, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkestan ASSR
The Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (TASSR; ; ), originally called the Turkestan Socialist Federative Republic, was an autonomous republic of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic located in Soviet Central Asia which existed between 1918 and 1924. Uzbeks were the preeminent nation of the Turkestan ASSR. Tashkent was the capital and largest city in the region. Name History During the Russian Empire, the Turkestan ASSR's territory was governed as Turkestan Krai, the Emirate of Bukhara, and the Khanate of Khiva. From 1905, Pan-Turkist ideologues like Ismail Gasprinski aimed to suppress differences among the peoples who spoke Turkic languages, uniting them into one government. This idea was supported by Vladimir Lenin, and after the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks in Tashkent created the Turkestan ASSR. But in February 1918, the Islamic Council () and the Council of Intelligentsia (Uzb. ''Shoʻro-i Ulamo'') met in Kokand city and decl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transcaspian Oblast
The Transcaspian Oblast, or simply Transcaspia, was an oblast of the Russian Empire and early Soviet Russia to the east of the Caspian Sea during the second half of the 19th century until 1924. It was bounded to the south by Iran's Khorasan Province and Afghanistan, to the north by the former Russian province of Uralsk, and to the northeast by the former Russian protectorates of Khiva and Bukhara. Part of Russian Turkestan, it corresponded roughly to the territory of present-day Turkmenistan and southwestern Kazakhstan. The name of the oblast (literally, 'Beyond heCaspian') is explained by the fact that until the construction of the Trans-Aral Railway in the early 20th century the easiest way to reach this oblast from central Russia (or from Russian Transcaucasia) was across the Caspian Sea, by boat from Astrakhan or Baku. History Transcaspia was conquered by Russia in 1879–1885, in a series of campaigns led by Generals Nikolai Lomakin, Mikhail Skobelev, and Mik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Turkestan
Russian Turkestan () was a colony of the Russian Empire, located in the western portion of the Central Asian region of Turkestan. Administered as a Krai or Governor-Generalship, it comprised the oasis region to the south of the Kazakh Steppe, but not the protectorates of the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Khiva. It was populated by speakers of Russian, Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tajik. History Establishment Although Russia had been pushing south into the steppes from Astrakhan and Orenburg since the failed Khivan expedition of Peter the Great in 1717, the beginning of the Russian conquest of Turkestan is normally dated to 1865. That year the Russian forces took the city of Tashkent under the leadership of General Mikhail Chernyayev expanding the territories of Turkestan Oblast (part of Orenburg Governorate-General). Chernyayev had exceeded his orders (he only had 3,000 men under his command at the time) but Saint Petersburg recognized the annexation in an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scarecrow Press
Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949. Under several imprints, the company offers scholarly books for the academic market, as well as trade books. The company also owns the book distributing company National Book Network based in Lanham, Maryland. History The current company took shape when the University Press of America acquired Rowman & Littlefield in 1988 and took the Rowman & Littlefield name for the parent company. Since 2013, there has also been an affiliated company based in London called Rowman & Littlefield International. It is editorially independent and publishes only academic books in Philosophy, Politics & International Relations and Cultural Studies. The company sponsors the Rowman & Littlefield Award in Innovative Teaching, the only national teaching award in political science given in the United States. It is awarded annually by the American Political Science Association for people w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, and Buynaksk. Dagestan covers an area of , with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most heteroge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cossacks
The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic languages, East Slavic Eastern Christian people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia. Cossacks played an important role in defending the southern borders of Ukraine and Russia, Cossack raids, countering the Crimean-Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe, Crimean-Nogai raids, alongside economically developing steppes, steppe regions north of the Black Sea and around the Azov Sea. Historically, they were a semi-nomadic and semi-militarized people, who, while under the nominal suzerainty of various Eastern European states at the time, were allowed a great degree of self-governance in exchange for military service. Although numerous linguistic and religious groups came together to form the Cossacks, most of them coalesced and became East Slavic languages, East Slavic–speaking Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christians. The rulers of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russian Empire en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adai Rebellion
The Adai Uprising (), or Mangyshlak Rebellion, was a revolt that took place on the Mangyshlak Peninsula (at Mangistau, on the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea in the territory of present-day Kazakhstan) by local Kazakh tribe against the introduction of several administrative reforms on the peninsula by the Russian government under the general title of Temporary Regulation. Tribes on the peninsula The Kazakh tribes that inhabited the Mangyshlak (Mangystau) Peninsula, as well as the adjacent Buzachi Peninsula and the Ustyurt Plateau, the southern part of which was partially inhabited by Turkmen tribes, were formally subjects of the Russian Empire. The districts were governed by sultan-rulers, which were appointed by the Russian administration. However, the power of Russia was purely nominal and was not established directly in the place. Government demands were generally implemented at the discretion of the residents themselves. At the same time, up until 1870, Khivans freely trave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ural Oblast (Russian Empire)
The Ural Oblast (Russian: Уральская область; Eng: ''Uralskaya Oblast'') was an oblast (province) of the Russian Empire. It roughly corresponded to most of present-day western Kazakhstan. It was created out of the territories of the former Kazakh khanate. Demographics As of 1897, 684,590 people populated the oblast. Kazakhs constituted the majority of the population. Significant minorities consisted of Russians Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church ... and Tatars. Total Turkic speaking were 478,695 (74,2%). Ethnic groups in 1897 References {{coord, 51.2333, N, 51.3667, E, source:wikidata, display=title Oblasts of the Russian Empire Kazakhstan in the Russian Empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kibitka
A kibitka (, from the Arabic , 'dome') is a pastoralism , pastoralist yurt of late-19th-century Kyrgyz and Kazakh nomads. The word is also used in reference to a Russian type of carriage or sleigh. This kind of kibitka uses the same equipage as the troika (driving), troika but, unlike the troika, is larger and usually closed. In Russian literature and Russian folklore, folklore, the term ''kibitka'' is used in reference to Gypsy wagons. The use in the Russian Empire of other – to transport disgraced noblemen into exile, and convicts to ''katorga'' forced labor – inspired the German-language term and the equivalent English-language concept of "kibitka justice". See also * Other horse-drawn vehicles of Russia: ** Droshky — a four-wheeled open carriage where passengers straddle the seat ** Tarantass — a long four-wheeled carriage with no springs or seats ** Telega — a wagon ** Troika (driving), Troika — sleigh driven by three horses abreast * Horses in Russia S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junior Jüz
Junior or Juniors may refer to: Aircraft * Ekolot JK-05L Junior, a Polish ultralight aircraft * PZL-112 Junior, a Polish training aircraft * SZD-51 Junior, a Polish-made training and club glider Arts and entertainment Characters * Bowser Jr., a major antagonist of the ''Mario'' franchise also known simply as "Junior" or "Jr." * Junior, the main protagonist in ''Storks'' * Junior Soprano, the present-day patriarch on the TV show ''The Sopranos'' * Junior, son of the Gorgs in the ''Fraggle Rock'' television series * Junior, title character of the film '' Problem Child'' * Jr. (''Xenosaga''), short for Gaignun Kukai, Jr., a character in the ''Xenosaga'' series * Junior Asparagus, in the children's show ''VeggieTales'' * Junior, the English name of the main character " Ñoño" from the animated television series ''El Chavo Animado''. * Junior, a character from ''SpongeBob SquarePants'' * Junior, Mr. Conductor's cousin in the film ''Thomas and the Magic Railroad'' * Junior, the son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
