|
Manbhatt
Manbhatt were Brahmin priests of south Gujarat (India) narrating stories called ''Akhyana''s to the accompaniment of music played on copper-made water pitcher or large globular metal pot (''man'') having a narrow mouth and bloated mid-part, used for beats of rhythmic beating time as required. The manbhatt has been an important fixture in the religious lives of middle-class Gujaratis for several hundred years. Today, this once extremely popular art of story-telling is almost extinct. The narrative consists of stories from the epics, the Puranas, and from everyday life. The singer uses fingers with metal rings to slap rhythmically the shoulders of the ''man''. Further accompaniment is provided by cymbals (''jhanjh''), barrel drum (''pakhavaj''), tabla, and harmonium. The communities of Charanas and Bhats have been composing and reciting epic verses celebrating the exploits of their royal patrons. They use the '' raso'' (''rasa'' or ''rasaka''), a structure consisting of several poe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhyana
Akhyana was a traditional musical theatre as well as medieval genre of Gujarati poetry and Rajasthani poetry. It was primarily practiced in Gujarat and Rajasthan states of India. Etymology and definition ''Akhyana'' literally means ''to tell'' or ''narrate'' in Sanskrit. The 12th century polymath Hemchandra defined Akhyana in his ''Kavyanusashana'' as a side story from religious texts narrated by Granthika (professional storyteller) to instruct audience accompanied by singing and acting. This definition does not include the narration of other non-mythological stories like that of Narsinh Mehta. In general, Akhyana can be defined as the stories narrated by story teller for religious instructions to audience accompanied by singing and acting. Dolarrai Mankad defined it as a form of poetry with musical components and scope of acting. Akhyana Performers The narrator or professional storytellers who recited Akhyanas were called Manabhatt or Gagaria-bhatt. They set poetry to musical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmin
Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests ( purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru or acharya). The other three varnas are the Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra. The traditional occupation of Brahmins is that of priesthood at the Hindu temples or at socio-religious ceremonies, and rite of passage rituals such as solemnising a wedding with hymns and prayers.James Lochtefeld (2002), Brahmin, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing, , page 125 Traditionally, the Brahmins are accorded the highest ritual status of the four social classes. Their livelihood is prescribed to be one of strict austerity and voluntary poverty ("A Brahmin should acquire what just suffices for the time, what he earns he should spend all that the same day"). In practice, Indian texts suggest that some Brahmins hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rasa (literary Form)
''Rasa'' ( gu, રાસ) or ''Raso'' is a certain didactic literary form in Apabhramsa. It is a genre of poetry in Old Gujarati language popular during early period of Gujarati literature. Sometimes the term is used interchangeably with '' Prabandha'' of medieval literature. History ''Rasa'' developed during the period of Gurjar Apbhramsa. It is a period between Hemachandra and Narsinh Mehta. They are mostly written by Jain monks and were performed in Jain temples on certain occasions. Early examples are ''Updeshrasayan Rasa'' (1143) by Jinadattasuri, ''Bharateshwar-Bahubali Raso'' (1184) by Shilabhadrasuri, ''Jeevdaya Raso'' (1200) by Asigu. ''Sandesa Rasak'' (15th century) by Abdul Rahman is one example of non-Jain composition. The literary tradition till 19th century. ''Gajsinh-Raja-no-Rasa'' (1851) is one late example. Form During its earliest form, it was a musical ''Roopaka'' (theatrical performance). Vagbhatta describes ''Rasaka'' as a soft and vigorous musical ''Roopaka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Groups Of Gujarat
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian ''Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl MarxMorrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'', human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reproducin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fagu
''Fagu'', also spelled ''Phagu'', is a genre of poetry in Old Gujarati language popular during early period of Gujarati literature. Etymology ''Fagu'' is derived from Sanskrit word ''Falgu''. As an adjective, it means beautiful, handsome, fine, etc. As a noun, it became synonyms of the Spring season. ''Falguna'' (also spelled ''Phalguna''), a spring season month according to Hindu calendar, is origin of this word. Form Fagu is a lyrical form depicting beauty of nature during spring. It also portrays joys and pleasures of love, fears and hopes separation and union of lovers. This form was popular among Jain poets who were mostly monks, so many of these Fagu starts with erotic sentiments and ends with renunciation or self restraints. History An oldest known Fagu is ''Jinachandra Suri Fagu'' (about 1225) by Jinapadma Suri. It has 25 verses with 6 to 20 verses missing. The first complete Fagu is ''Sthulibhadra Fagu'' composed between 1234 and 1244 or in 1344 or 1334. It describ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krishnalal Jhaveri
Diwan Bahadur Krishnalal Mohanlal Jhaveri (30December 186815June 1957) was an Indian writer, scholar, literary historian, translator, and judge from Gujarat, India. His works have been published in Gujarati, English, and Persian. Jhaveri served as president of the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad from 1931 to 1933. Life Krishnalal Jhaveri was born on 30 December 1868 in Broach into a family of educators. His grandfather, Ranchhoddas Girdhardas Jhaveri, was a pioneer in the field of education and laid the foundations for educational services in Gujarat. Jhaveri's father, Mohanlal Ranchhodlal, was one of the founders of a number of primary schools in the Surat District. After finishing school in Broach, Surat, and Bhavnagar, Jhaveri attended Samaldas Arts College in Bhavnagar where he earned a Bachelor of Arts in English and Persian in 1888. In 1890, he finished a Master of Arts degree in English and Persian at Elphinstone College where he began working as a lecturer of the Persian lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chhand
''Chhand'' ( pa, ਛੰਦ , ur, چھند, hi, छंद) is a quatrain used in the poetic traditions of North India and Pakistan. Chhands in culture In the culture of the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, it is customary for ''chhands'' to be recited at ceremonial occasions such as weddings, where they are used by grooms to praise their in-laws. Formerly, the form was extensively employed by court bards to praise royal personages. ''Chhands'' are also used extensively in the ''Nautanki'' dance-drama tradition of the region, especially in the ''alha chhand'' or ''bir chhand'' formats. A typical Punjabi wedding ''chhand'' might extol the mother- and father-in-law, for instance this one, which says the groom holds them in the same esteem as his own parents - A Rajasthani language ''chhand'', from the poem ''Haldighati'' by Kanhaiyalal Sethia, describes Maharana Pratap's determination to fight on against the Mughals at all costs - Chhands in religion Jaap Sahib is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doha (couplet)
Doha ( ar, الدوحة, ad-Dawḥa or ''ad-Dōḥa'') is the capital city and main financial hub of Qatar. Located on the Persian Gulf coast in the east of the country, north of Al Wakrah and south of Al Khor, it is home to most of the country's population. It is also Qatar's fastest growing city, with over 80% of the nation's population living in Doha or its surrounding suburbs. Doha was founded in the 1820s as an offshoot of Al Bidda. It was officially declared as the country's capital in 1971, when Qatar gained independence from being a British protectorate. As the commercial capital of Qatar and one of the emergent financial centers in the Middle East, Doha is considered a beta-level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Doha accommodates Education City, an area devoted to research and education, and Hamad Medical City, an administrative area of medical care. It also includes Doha Sports City, or Aspire Zone, an international sports dest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gujarat
Gujarat (, ) is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some ; and the ninth-most populous state, with a population of 60.4 million. It is bordered by Rajasthan to the northeast, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu to the south, Maharashtra to the southeast, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west. Gujarat's capital city is Gandhinagar, while its largest city is Ahmedabad. The Gujaratis are indigenous to the state and their language, Gujarati, is the state's official language. The state encompasses 23 sites of the ancient Indus Valley civilisation (more than any other state). The most important sites are Lothal (the world's first dry dock), Dholavira (the fifth largest site), and Gola Dhoro (where 5 uncommon seals were found). Lothal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pump Organ
The pump organ is a type of free-reed organ that generates sound as air flows past a vibrating piece of thin metal in a frame. The piece of metal is called a reed. Specific types of pump organ include the reed organ, harmonium, and melodeon. The idea for the free reed was imported from China through Russia after 1750, and the first Western free-reed instrument was made in 1780 in Denmark. More portable than pipe organs, free-reed organs were widely used in smaller churches and in private homes in the 19th century, but their volume and tonal range were limited. They generally had one or sometimes two manuals, with pedal-boards being rare. The finer pump organs had a wider range of tones, and the cabinets of those intended for churches and affluent homes were often excellent pieces of furniture. Several million free-reed organs and melodeons were made in the US and Canada between the 1850s and the 1920s, some of which were exported. The Cable Company, Estey Organ, and Mason ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_Bhumi_Puja%2C_yajna.jpg "Click for more on -> Brahmin")
