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Mamia III Gurieli
Mamia III Gurieli ( ka, მამია III გურიელი), also known as Mamia the Great Gurieli (დიდი გურიელი, ''Didi Gurieli'') or the Black Gurieli (შავი გურიელი, ''Shavi Gurieli'') (died 5 January 1714), of the western Georgian House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1689 to 1714. Involved in civil wars plaguing western Georgia, he became King of Imereti three times in the years of 1701, 1711–1712, and 1713–1714. After his first reign as king for a year in 1701, he abdicated the throne of Imereti, being unable to tolerate the influence of his father-in-law Giorgi Abashidze. Subsequent periods of his royal career was the result of a feud with Giorgi VII of Imereti. Mamia died while still sitting on the throne of Imereti, which then reverted to his rival Giorgi VII. Accession and early rule in Guria Mamia was a younger son of Giorgi III Gurieli and his wife, Princess Tamar Chijavadze. On Giorgi's death at the battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Gurieli
The House of Gurieli () was a Georgian princely ('' mtavari'') family and a ruling dynasty (dukes) of the southwestern Georgian province of Guria, which was autonomous and later, for a few centuries, independent. A few ducal rulers of the dynasty also rose in the 17th-18th centuries to be kings of the whole western Caucasus in place of the hereditary Bagrationi kings of Imereti. History Bearing a hereditary title for governors ( Eristavi) of Guria since the mid-13th century, Gurieli (literally, "of Guria") was adopted as a dynastic name by the Vardanisdze family (ვარდანისძე), hereditary rulers of Svaneti (a highland province in western Georgia). The other notable branch of the Vardanisdze was the Dadiani (დადიანი) of Samegrelo. Both of these branches occasionally used double names: Gurieli-Dadiani or Dadiani-Gurieli. The medieval Gurieli were vassals of the Georgian crown but, at the same time, seem to have paid some kind of homage () to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Of Imereti
Simon of Imereti ( ka, სიმონი) (died 1701), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was King (''Mepe'') of Imereti from 1699 to 1701. Biography An illegitimate son of Alexander IV of Imereti and Princess Nino Gurieli (according to Cyril Toumanoff). He was brought up at the court of Erekle I of Kartli, while Imereti was embroiled in the civil war among several claimants to the throne. In 1699, the Ottoman government sponsored a coup against King Archil of Imereti and installed Simon as king. The latter married Anika, daughter of the powerful prince Giorgi-Malakia Abashidze, but soon the prince and his second daughter Princess Tamar Abashidze (widow of Alexander IV) expelled Simon back to Kartli. With the support of Mamia III Gurieli, Prince of Guria, Simon managed to stage a comeback and married Mamia's sister. However, Prince Abashidze promised Mamia the Imeretian crown and had Simon assassinated in his palace in 1701. Simon's death and the continuing power struggle in Imereti w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakar Of Kartli
Bakar ( ka, ბაქარი) (April 7, 1700 – February 1, 1750) was a Georgia (country), Georgian royal prince (''batonishvili'') of the House of Mukhrani, Mukhrani branch of the Bagrationi dynasty and served as regent of the Kingdom of Kartli (eastern Georgia) from September 1716 to August 1719. Biography He was the son of King Vakhtang VI of Kartli by his wife, Rusudan of Circassia. Vakhtang left him in charge of the government of Kartli (eastern Georgia) during his absence at the Safavid court of Persian Empire, Persia from September 1716 to August 1719. His position was recognized by the Safavid dynasty, Shah of Persia who invested him, in 1717, with the title of ''janishin'', a crown, sword, gold insignia, and robe of honor. At the same time, he had to nominally embrace Islam and assumed the name of Shahnavaz Khan III. On this occasion, he was appointed by the Shah the commander-in-chief of the Persian army and governor-general of Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan. In 1722, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tskhinvali
Tskhinvali ( ka, ცხინვალი ) or Tskhinval (, ; , ) is the capital of the disputed ''de facto'' independent Republic of South Ossetia, internationally considered part of Shida Kartli, Georgia (except by Russia and four other UN member states). Tskhinvali Region, known historically as Samachablo, was traditionally part of the Georgia as a single military and administrative entity. It is located on the Great Liakhvi River approximately northwest of the Georgian capital Tbilisi. Name The name of Tskhinvali is derived from the Old Georgian ''Krtskhinvali'' ( ka, ქრცხინვალი), from earlier ''Krtskhilvani'' ( ka, ქრცხილვანი), literally meaning "the land of hornbeams", which is the historical name of the city. See ცხინვალი for more. From 1934 to 1961, the city was named Staliniri ( ka, სტალინირი, ), which was a compilation of Joseph Stalin's surname with Ossetian word "Ir" which means Ossetia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argveti
Argveti (), also Margveti (), is a historic district in Imereti, western Georgia. Overview The area lay on the historic Iberian-Lazican frontier, i.e., between what are now eastern and western parts of Georgia. From the 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD, it frequently came under the rule of the kings of Iberia (Kartli) and occasionally covered also some neighbouring areas, particularly Takveri. Argveti was a semi-independent princedom (samtavro) during the early Middle Ages, famed for its 8th-century nobles David and Constantine Mkheidze who fought against the Arabs in the 730s. From the 8th to 11th centuries, Argveti formed a duchy within the Abkhazian Kingdom, which was united with Kartli to form a united Georgian monarchy in 1008. It was then a patrimony of the powerful Baghvashi ducal family, which went back in 1103, allowing King David IV to donate part of Argveti to Gelati Monastery. What was left from the Baghvashi dominion was granted to the Amanelisdze family in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vakhtang VI Of Kartli
Vakhtang VI ( ka, ვახტანგ VI), also known as Vakhtang the Scholar, Vakhtang the Lawgiver and Ḥosaynqolī Khan (; 15 September 1675 – 26 March 1737), was a Georgian monarch (''mepe'') of the royal Bagrationi dynasty. He ruled the East Georgian Kingdom of Kartli as a vassal of Safavid Persia from 1716 to 1724. One of the most important and extraordinary statesman of early 18th-century Georgia, he is known as a notable legislator, scholar, critic, translator and poet. His reign was eventually terminated by the Ottoman invasion following the disintegration of Safavid Persia, which forced Vakhtang into exile in the Russian Empire. Vakhtang was unable to get the tsar's support for his kingdom and instead had to permanently stay with his northern neighbors for his own safety. On his way to a diplomatic mission sanctioned by Empress Anna, he fell ill and died in southern Russia in 1737, never reaching Georgia. As a regent Son of Prince Levan by his first wife, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgi IV Gurieli
George IV Gurieli ( ka, გიორგი IV გურიელი) (died 1726), of the House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1711 to 1726, and a king of Imereti in western Georgia in 1716. He was installed as regent of Guria by his father, Mamia III Gurieli, then the king of Imereti, in 1712. In 1716, he seized the crown of Imereti, but was forced to abandon the enterprise later that year. Returning to Guria, his rule was challenged by a faction of local nobility, which included his mother Elene and brother Kaikhosro III Gurieli. He was finally able to crush the opposition after making peace with Bezhan Dadiani, Prince of Mingrelia. Early rule Giorgi was the eldest son of Mamia III Gurieli, Prince of Guria, and Princess Elene Abashidze, daughter of Prince Giorgi Abashidze. When Mamia seized the throne of Imereti in October 1712, Giorgi was made by his father as regent of Guria to the opposition of his younger brother, Levan. On Mamia's death on 5 January 1714, Giorgi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lechkhumi
Lechkhumi ( ) is a historic province in northwestern Georgia (country), Georgia which comprises the area along the middle basin of the Rioni river, Rioni and Tskhenistskali and also the Lajanuri river valley. Now part of the Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region, it corresponds roughly to the present day Tsageri district as well as parts of districts of Tsq'altubo and Ambrolauri. It is bordered by Mingrelia to the west, Svaneti to the north, Racha to the east, and Imereti to the south. The area has been inhabited since the Neolithic Age and was later dominated by the so-called Colchian culture. The first recorded history of the area dates back to the early medieval period. The contemporary historic sources call the land Takveri, a name gradually being replaced by a term ''Lechkhumi''. The province is usually identified with Scymnia mentioned by Procopius (sixth century AD) as a dependency of the Lazican kings&nbs Within the unified Georgian feudal state (between the eleven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Racha
The Duchy of Racha ( ka, რაჭის საერისთავო, ''rach'is saerist'avo'') was an important fiefdom in medieval and early modern Georgia (country), Georgia, located in the western province of Racha, in the upper Rioni Valley in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus crest, and ruled by a succession of ''eristavi'' ("dukes") from c. 1050 until being transferred to the royal crown in 1789. History The duchy of Racha was founded c. 1050, when a branch of the Liparitids, Liparitid family, subsequently known as Kakhaberidze, was enfeoffed of it by King Bagrat IV of Georgia. Their possessions were further expanded under Queen Tamar of Georgia (reign, r. 1184–1213). The Kakhaberidze were dispossessed of the duchy in 1278 for having revolted against David VI of Georgia, David VI, but seem to have maintained themselves in Racha into the 15th century. The Japaridze (noble family), House of Japaridze possibly held the Duchy of Racha between the dispossession of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George VII Of Imereti
George VII ( ka, გიორგი VII; alternatively known as George VI) (died February 22, 1720), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was king (''mepe'') of Imereti (western Georgia) in the periods of 1707–11, 1712–13, 1713–16, and 1719–1720. Reign An illegitimate son of Alexander IV of Imereti and Princess Nino Gurieli (according to Cyril Toumanoff). George was declared, with the approval of the Ottoman government, a rightful king of Imereti by the loyal party of nobles in 1702, though it was not until 1707 that he was able to wrest the crown from the usurper Giorgi-Malakia Abashidze (George VI). In October 1711, a noble revolt deposed him in favor of Mamia III Gurieli who forced George to retire to Kartli, eastern Georgia. Later, with the support of the Turkish pasha of Akhaltsikhe, he defeated Mamia at the Battle of Chkhara in June 1712. Deposed again in November 1713, George resumed the throne upon Mamia's death in January 1714, only to be forced, in 1716, by the rebellio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batumi
Batumi (; ka, ბათუმი ), historically Batum or Batoum, is the List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), second-largest city of Georgia (country), Georgia and the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara, located on the coast of the Black Sea in Georgia's southwest, north of the Georgia-Turkey border, border with Turkey. It is situated in a subtropical zone at the foot of the Caucasus Mountains, Caucasus. Much of Batumi's economy revolves around tourism and gambling (it is nicknamed "The Las Vegas of the Black Sea"), but the city is also an Batumi Seaport, important seaport and includes industries like shipbuilding, food processing and light manufacturing. Since 2010, Batumi has been transformed by the construction of modern high-rise buildings, as well as the restoration of classical 19th-century edifices lining its historic Old Town. History Early history Batumi is located on the site of the ancient Greece, ancient Greek colony in Colchis called "''Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edirne Event
The Edirne Incident () was a janissary revolt that began in Constantinople (now Istanbul) in 1703. The revolt was a reaction to the consequences of the Treaty of Karlowitz and Sultan Mustafa II's absence from the capital. The rising power of the Sultan’s former tutor, Şeyhülislam Feyzullah Efendi and the empire's declining economy caused by tax farming were also causes of the revolt. As a result of the Edirne Incident, Şeyhülislam Feyzullah Efendi was killed, and Sultan Mustafa II was ousted from power. The Sultan was replaced by his brother, Sultan Ahmed III. The incident contributed to the decline of the power of the sultanate and the increasing power of the janissaries and kadis. Causes Three causes of the Edirne Incident were the Treaty of Karlowitz, the rise of Seyhulislam Feyzullah Efendi and the Ottoman practice of tax farming. The Treaty of Karlowitz was signed on January 16, 1699. This treaty was signed in response to the Ottoman wars with the Habsburgs, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
