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Malik Ibrahim
Malik Ibrahim (died 7 April 1419), also known as Sunan Gresik or Kakek Bantal, was the first of the Wali Songo, the nine men generally thought to have introduced Islam to Java. His habit of placing the Qu'ran on a pillow led to him receiving the nickname (lit. Pillow Grandfather). Before the 19th century, Ibrahim was not considered one of the Wali Songo, the saints who are believed to have spread Islam to Java. After his grave was rediscovered in the early 19th century, he was included in the core group. He was first listed as a Wali Songo in ''Babad Dipanegara''. Biography Ibrahim's origin is unclear, although it is generally agreed that he originated from outside of Java. He is thought to have been born in the first half of the 14th century. Ibrahim is known by several names in the ''Babad Tanah Jawi'' and other texts. In a transcription by J. J. Meinsma, he is identified as Makhdum Ibrahim as-Samarqandy (localised to Syekh Ibrahim Asmarakandi); this name indicates a possi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Asia
Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Persian suffix "-stan" (meaning ) in both respective native languages and most other languages. The region is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the southwest, European Russia to the northwest, China and Mongolia to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the south, and Siberia to the north. Together, the five Central Asian countries have a total population of around million. In the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras ( and earlier) Central Asia was inhabited predominantly by Iranian peoples, populated by Eastern Iranian-speaking Bactrians, Sogdians, Khwarezmian language, Chorasmians, and the semi-nomadic Scythians and Dahae. As the result of Turkic migration, Central Asia also became the homeland for the Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Volga Tatars, Tatars, Turkmens, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kubrawiya
The Kubrawiya order () or Kubrawi order, also known as Kubrawi Hamadani,or Hamadani Kubra, is a Sufi order that traces its spiritual lineage (''Silsilah'') to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, through Ali, Muhammad's cousin, son-in-law and the First Imam. This is in similar to most other Sufi orders that trace their lineage to Ali. The Kubrawiya order is named after its 13th-century founder Najm al-Din Kubra, who lived in Konye-Urgench under the Khwarazmian dynasty (present day Turkmenistan). The Mongols captured Konye-Urgench in 1221 and killed much of the population including Sheikh Najmuddin Kubra. The Kubrawiya order places emphasis on being a universal approach. It is popular in eastern India, Bangladesh and Mauritius and some areas of Pakistan as well. Branches Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani was the founder of the Kubrawiyyah order and it expanded into parts of South Asia, China, and Central Asia (especially among nomads) from the 14th century onwards. In Iran the Kubrawiya ord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trowulan
Trowulan is an archaeological site in Trowulan (subdistrict), Trowulan Subdistrict, Mojokerto Regency, in the Indonesian province of East Java. It includes approximately 100 square kilometres and has been theorized to be the site of the eponymous capital city of the Majapahit, Majapahit Empire, which is described by Mpu Prapanca in the 14th-century poem Nagarakretagama and in a 15th-century Chinese source. When it was the capital of the Majapahit Empire, the city was known as Wilwatikta, which is a name also synonymous with the empire's name. It was razed during the invasion of Girindrawardhana to defeat Kertabhumi in 1478. After this event Majapahit's capital was moved to Daha (Kediri (city), Kediri). The Trowulan Museum includes a collection of artifacts. The Nagarakretagama contains poetic descriptions of the palace of Majapahit and its surroundings but is limited to the royal and religious sectors. Some of the details are vague, so scholars who have tried to compile a plan o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caste
A caste is a Essentialism, fixed social group into which an individual is born within a particular system of social stratification: a caste system. Within such a system, individuals are expected to marry exclusively within the same caste (endogamy), follow lifestyles often linked to a particular occupation, hold a ritual status observed within a hierarchy, and interact with others based on cultural notions of social exclusion, exclusion, with certain castes considered as either more pure or more polluted than others. The term "caste" is also applied to morphological groupings in eusocial insects such as ants, bees, and termites#caste, termites. The paradigmatic ethnographic example of caste is the division of India's Hinduism, Hindu society into rigid social groups. Its roots lie in South Asia's ancient history and it still exists; however, the economic significance of the caste system in India seems to be declining as a result of urbanisation and affirmative action programs. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javanese People
The Javanese ( , ; ) are an Austronesian peoples, Austronesian ethnic group native to the central and eastern part of the Indonesian island of Java. With more than 100 million people, Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in both Indonesia and in Southeast Asia as a whole. Their native language is Javanese language, Javanese, it is the largest of the Austronesian languages in List of languages by number of native speakers, number of native speakers and also the largest regional language in Southeast Asia. As the largest ethnic group in the region, the Javanese have historically dominated the social, political, and cultural landscape of both Indonesia and Southeast Asia. There are significant numbers of Javanese diaspora outside of Central Java, central and East Java, eastern Java regions, including the other provinces of Indonesia, as well as other countries such as Suriname, Singapore, Malaysia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Yemen and the Netherlands. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gresik
Gresik Regency ( older spelling: Grissee, ) is a regency within East Java Province of Indonesia. As well as a large part of the northern and western suburbs of the city of Surabaya, it includes the offshore Bawean Island, some 125 km to the north of Java and Madura. Almost a third of the Gresik Regency's area is the coastal area; the Districts in this zone are Kebomas District, (part of) Gresik District, Manyar District, Bungah District, and Ujungpangkah District. The regency covers and an area of 1,191.26 km2, and it had a population of 1,177,042 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,311,215 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,327,497 (comprising 667,540 males and 659,957 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Gresik Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3525) The regency's administrative centre is the town of Gresik, about 25 km to the northwest of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunan Ampel
Sunan Ampel (born Raden Ahmad Rahmatullah or Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah; 1401–1481) was one the nine revered Javanese Muslim saints, or Wali Songo, credited with the spread of Islam in Java. According to local history, around Demak the mosque of Demak Masjid Agung Demak was built by Sunan Ampel in 1479 CE, but other sources attributed the construction of the mosque to Sunan Kalijaga. Genealogy The father of Sunan Ampel was Maulana Malik Ibrahim also known as Ibrahim as-Samarkandy ("Ibrahim Asmarakandi" to Javanese pronunciation). His mother was a princess of the Champa Kingdom. Sunan Ampel was born in Champa, in present-day central Vietnam, in 1401 CE. Sunan Ampel came to Java in 1443 CE, possibly to visit his aunt Dwarawati, a princess of Champa who was married to Kertawijaya, the king of Majapahit. A long lineage indicates that Sunan Ampel was a descendant of Muhammad, a Prophet in the Islamic religion who was born in Mecca. However, another theory claims that Sunan Ampel h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumatra
Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi.2), including adjacent islands such as the Simeulue Island, Simeulue, Nias Island, Nias, Mentawai Islands, Mentawai, Enggano Island, Enggano, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung and Krakatoa archipelago. Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest–southeast axis. The Indian Ocean borders the northwest, west, and southwest coasts of Sumatra, with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Islands, Mentawai, and Enggano off the western coast. In the northeast, the narrow Strait of Malacca separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, which is an extension of the Eurasian continent. In the southeast, the narrow Sunda Strait, containing the Krakatoa archipelago, separates Sumatra from Java. The northern tip of Sumatra is near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pasai
The Samudera Pasai Sultanate (), also known as Samudera or Pasai or Samudera Darussalam or Pacem, was a Muslim kingdom on the north coast of Sumatra from the 13th to the 16th centuries. Little evidence has been left to allow for historical study of the kingdom. The kingdom was believed to have been founded by Merah Silu, who later converted to Islam and adopted the name Malik ul Salih, in the year 1267 CE. After the 1521 Portuguese invasion, the garrison evacuated Pasai in 1524 and the first Sultan of Aceh, Ali Mughayat Syah, annexed the territory. Etymology Based on the fourteenth century chronicle Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai, 'Samudera' can be inferred to have come from the word "Semudera" (), which meant 'a very large ant'. The name was given by Merah Silu when he discovered an ant as large as a cat while hunting at a 'high ground'. Eventually, the place was cleared for the establishment of a new state and 'Semudera' was adopted as its name. 'Samudera' is also thought ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifteenth-most populous country. One of two communist states in Southeast Asia, Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. Before the Han dynasty's invasion, Vietnam was marked by a vibrant mix of religion, culture, and social norms. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam, which were subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champa
Champa (Cham language, Cham: ꨌꩌꨛꨩ, چمڤا; ; 占城 or 占婆) was a collection of independent Chams, Cham Polity, polities that extended across the coast of what is present-day Central Vietnam, central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century CE until 1832. According to History of Champa, earliest historical references found in ancient sources, the first History of Champa#Initial kingdoms, Cham polities were established around the 2nd century, 2nd to 3rd century, 3rd centuries CE, in the wake of Khu Liên's rebellion against the rule of China's Han dynasty#Eastern Han, Eastern Han dynasty, and lasted until when the final Panduranga (Champa), remaining principality of Champa was annexed by Minh Mạng, Emperor Minh Mạng of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty as part of the expansionist Nam tiến policy. The kingdom was known variously as ''Nagaracampa'' (), ''Champa'' (ꨌꩌꨛꨩ) in modern Cham languages, Cham, and ''Châmpa'' () in the Khmer lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dakwah
' (, , "invitation", also spelt , , , or ) is the act of inviting people to Islam. The plural is () or (). Preachers who engage in dawah are known as da'i. Etymology literally means "issuing a summons" or "making an invitation". Grammatically, the word represents a gerund of a verb with the triconsonantal root ''d-ʕ-w'' () meaning variously "to summon" or "to invite". A Muslim who practices , either as a religious worker or in a volunteer community effort, is called a ' (, plural ' ). A , is a person who invites people to understand and accept Islam through dialogue and other techniques, who may be regarded as a missionary inviting people to the faith, prayer, and manner of Islamic life. Early Islam The term ''daʿwah'' ur'an. In ''sura'' (chapter) 30:25, for example, it denotes the call to the dead to rise on the Day of Judgment. When used in the Qur'an, it generally refers to Allah's invitation to live according to His will. Thus, when used in the first centurie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
