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Malaka Kingdom
Malaka Kingdom, also known as Wewiku-Wehali, is a Tetum kingdom located in West Timor. Precisely in Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This kingdom is led by a king called the ''liurai''. The ''liurai'' is chosen by the ''loro''. The ''loro'' are derived from Ina Ama Lasiolat and Takirin. The Wehali Kingdom was founded by Suri Liurai who was a descendant of Manu Aman Lakaan who came from , the highest mountain in the Belu and Malaka areas. The Malaka Kingdom was founded from two kingdoms which later united, namely Wewiku and Wehali. This kingdom was chosen by the five ''loro'' (Tetum traditional areas) in Malaka, namely Loro Dirma, Loro Wehali, Loro Wewiku, Loro Lakekun, and Loro Haitimuk. List of rulers The following is a list of rulers of the Malacca Kingdom who were given the title ''liurai'' (in Indonesian, meaning ''raja''). # Hoa Diak Malaka # Dasin Don Peur # Dasin Dinik Liurai # Dasin Neken Liurai # Dasin Bada Mataus # Dasin Don Alesu Fernandes # Dasin Liurai Muskita # ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timor 1700
Timor (, , ) is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is divided between the sovereign states of Timor-Leste in the eastern part and Indonesia in the western part. The Indonesian part, known as West Timor, constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara. Within West Timor lies an exclave of Timor-Leste called Oecusse District. The island covers an area of . The name is a variant of ''timur'', Malay for "east"; it is so called because it lies at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Mainland Australia is less than 500 km away, separated by the Timor Sea. Language, ethnic groups and religion Anthropologists identify eleven distinct ethno-linguistic groups in Timor. The largest are the Atoni of western Timor and the Tetum of central and eastern Timor. Most indigenous Timorese languages belong to the Timor–Babar branch of the Austronesian languages spoken throughout the Indonesian archipela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wehali
Wehali (''Wehale'', ''Waihali'', ''Veale'') is the name of a traditional kingdom at the southern coast of Central Timor, now in Indonesia and East Timor. It is often mentioned together with its neighbouring sister kingdom, as Wewiku-Wehali (Waiwiku-Wehale). Wehali held a position of ritual seniority among the many small Timorese kingdoms. Geography and society Wehali is centred at the village of Aimutin Laran, Laran, (now modern-day Wehali, Indonesia), situated on a fertile plain which is well suited for varied agriculture. It belongs to the South Tetum language, Tetun-speaking area, which is also known as Belu (province), Belu. The southern Tetun have a matrilineal system. At the apex of the political system stood a "great lord" (Nai Bot) who held the title of Maromak Oan ("son of God"). His task was ritually passive, in a symbolic sense "female", and he kept an executive "male" regent or assistant by his side, the Liurai ("surpassing the land"). History According to oral tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetum People
The Tetum, also known as Tetun or Belu in Indonesia, are an ethnic group that are the indigenous inhabitants of the island of Timor. This ethnic group inhabits the Belu Regency in Indonesia and most of East Timor. Their language is called Tetum language, Tetum, which is part of the Austronesian language family. Apart from the island of Timor, this ethnic group is also found in Jakarta, Indonesia. Origins Among the Tetum Terik of Viqueque, it is believed that the first humans emerged from two orfices or vaginas, "Mahuma" and "Lequi Bui", emerging on the ground by climbing sacred tendrils. Therefore, among the Tetum Terik, the door of the house is traditionally referred to as the vagina and the inside is called WOMB, the women's room. According to their beliefs, the Tetum Terik universe, which is divided into the underworld and the upper world, is connected through a woman's vagina. The lower or sacred world is defined as feminine, dominated by women, while the secular and mascul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, reigns as head of state for the rest of their life, or until abdication. The extent of the authority of the monarch may vary from restricted and largely symbolic (constitutional monarchy), to fully autocratic (absolute monarchy), and may have Political representation, representational, Executive (government), executive, legislative, and judicial functions. The Order of succession, succession of monarchs has mostly been Hereditary monarchy, hereditary, often building dynasties; however, monarchies can also be elective monarchy, elective and Self-proclaimed monarchy, self-proclaimed. Aristocracy (class), Aristocrats, though not inherent to monarchies, often function as the pool of persons from which the monarch is chosen, and to fill the constituting institutions (e.g. Diet (assembly), diet and Royal court, court), giving many monarchies oligarchic elements. The Legitimacy (political)#Monarchy, political legitim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Timor
West Timor () is an area covering the western part of the island of Timor, except for the district of Oecussi-Ambeno (an East Timorese exclave). Administratively, West Timor is part of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The capital as well as its main port is Kupang. During the colonial period, the area was named Dutch Timor and was a centre of Dutch loyalists during the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949). From 1949 to 1975 it was named Indonesian Timor. The total area of West Timor is , including offshore islands. The highest peaks are Mount Mutis, above sea level, and Mount Lakaan, above sea level. The main languages of West Timor are Dawan, Marae and Tetun, as well as several other languages, such as Kemak, Bunak and Helong, are also used in Timor-Leste. The other three languages which are only used in the local area of the Austronesian language group from the Fabron branches are Ndao, Rote and Sabu. The most populous cities and towns are Kupang City wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malaka Regency
Malaka Regency is a regency in the province of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The regency was established on 14 December 2012, comprising twelve districts which had formerly been the southern part of Belu Regency. The area now comprising the new Regency (covering 1,160.63 km2) had 164,134 inhabitants at the 2010 Census,Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. which had risen to 183,900 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 193,510 (comprising 95,589 males and 97,921 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Malaka Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog 1102001.5321) The capital of the regency is the town of Betun. Administration The new Malaka Regency is composed of twelve districts (''kecamatan''), tabulated below with their areas and populations at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and the 2020 Census,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. together with the official estimate as at mid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Nusa Tenggara
East Nusa Tenggara (; ) is the southernmost province of Indonesia. It comprises the eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, facing the Indian Ocean in the south and the Flores Sea in the north, with a total land area of 47,238.07 km2. It consists of more than 500 islands, with the largest ones being Sumba, Flores, and the western part of Timor; the latter shares a land border with the separate nation of East Timor. The province is subdivided into twenty-one regencies and the regency-level city of Kupang, which is the capital and largest city. Archaeological research shows that Liang Bua cave in East Nusa Tenggara has been inhabited by humans since about 190,000 years ago. The site was home to early humans, including ''Homo floresiensis'', who were found in the cave's archaeological layers. East Nusa Tenggara is known for its natural beauty such as Komodo National Park, Labuan Bajo, Lake Kelimutu, and exotic beaches. The province is rich in culture, with diverse tribes, la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raja (title)
Raja (; from , IAST ') is a noble or royal Sanskrit title historically used by some Indian subcontinent, Indian rulers and monarchs and highest-ranking nobles. The title was historically used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and History of Southeast Asia, Southeast Asia, being attested from the ''Rigveda'', where a ' is a Rigvedic tribes, ruler, see for example the Battle of the Ten Kings, ', the "Battle of Ten Kings". The title has equivalent cognates in other Indo-European languages, notably the Latin Rex (title), Rex and the Celtic languages, Celtic Rix. Raja-ruled Indian states While most of the British Raj, Indian salute states (those granted a Salute#Heavy arms: gun salutes, gun salute by the The Crown, British Crown) were ruled by a Maharaja (or variation; some promoted from an earlier Raja- or equivalent style), even exclusively from 13 guns up, a number had Rajas: ; Hereditary salutes of 11-guns : * the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay Styles And Titles
The Malay language has a complex system of Style (manner of address), styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore. Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent. In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man. Former usage Singapore, whose Malay royalty was abolished by the Singapore in the Straits Settlements, British colonial government in 1891, has adopted civic titles for its leaders. Much of the Philippines was History of the Philippines (900–1521), historic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belu Regency
Belu Regency is a regency in East Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia. Situated on the north side of Timor island, it originally stretched to the south coast, but in December 2012 its southern half was detached to form the new Malaka Regency. It now adjoins the North Central Timor Regency to the west, the new Malaka Regency to the south, and the separate nation of East Timor to the east, while to the north lies the Sawu Sea. Established on 20 December 1958, Belu Regency has its seat (capital) in the large town of Atambua, which lies inland from the coastal port of Atapupu (in Kakuluk Mesak District). Etymology "Belu" means "friend" in the indigenous language of Tetum. Economy The economy of Belu Regency is primarily based on agriculture, with the cultivation of crops such as maize, rice, and various fruits being central to local livelihoods. Additionally, livestock farming, particularly cattle and goats, plays a significant role in the region's economy. The coastal areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Timor
This is a list of monarchs of Timor since the 17th century. Timor was traditionally divided into a large number of small kingdoms whose monarchs were variously known as liurais, rajas, regulos, na'i, etc. They were drawn into the colonial spheres of the Dutch East India Company and Portugal from the 17th century onwards. The succession of the individual kingdoms is only partly known from the existing literature. After the achieving of Indonesian independence the kingdoms in West Timor were phased out and eventually abolished in about 1962. In Portuguese East Timor the kingdoms (reinos) lost much of their functions after 1912, although they have persisted as ritual domains until the present. There were many chiefdoms on Timor, but according to the hierarchy among the Timorese domains, the ruler of Sonbai of West Timor, the ruler of Wehali of Central Timor, and the ruler of Likusaen (today: Liquiçá) of East Timor were three paramount rulers of Timor. Monarchs in West Timor Kings o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Precolonial States Of Indonesia
Colonialism is the control of another territory, natural resources and people by a foreign group. Colonizers control the political and tribal power of the colonised territory. While frequently an imperialist project, colonialism can also take the form of settler colonialism, whereby settlers from one or multiple colonizing metropoles occupy a territory with the intention of partially or completely supplanting the existing population. Colonialism developed as a concept describing European colonial empires of the modern era, which spread globally from the 15th century to the mid-20th century, spanning 35% of Earth's land by 1800 and peaking at 84% by the beginning of World War I. European colonialism employed mercantilism and chartered companies, and established coloniality, which keeps the colonized socio-economically othered and subaltern through modern biopolitics of sexuality, gender, race, disability and class, among others, resulting in intersectional violence and discr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
