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Maktab-e Tawhid
Maktab-e Tawhid (also Maktab-e Tawhīd) was a Shi'i seminary for women, established in Qom, Iran's clerical center in 1975, as a wing of the Haghani school. The founding of the seminary followed similar institutions in Qom, Fasa, Shiraz and Isfahan. In Fasa, Maktab-e Fatema was opened in 1961, Maktab-e Zahra in Shiraz in 1964, Maktab-e Fatimah in Isfahan in 1965,See Mirjam Künkler and Roja Fazaeli, "The Life of Two Mujtahidas: Female Religious Authority in 20th Century Iran", in ''Women, Leadership and Mosques: Changes in Contemporary Islamic Authority'', ed. Masooda Bano and Hilary Kalmbach (Brill Publishers, 2012), 127–160. in Tehran, Zahra-i Athar was opened in 1966, and in Mashhad, Fatemeh Khamooshi (d. 2010) opened Madrase-ye ‘Elmīyya Narges in the same year.Keiko Sakurai, “Women’s empowerment and Iranian-style seminaries in Iran and Pakistan,” in Keiko Sakurai and Fariba Adelkhah (eds.), The Moral Economy of the Madrasa, Islam and Education Today, (Oxon & New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shi'i
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood to have been usurped by a number of Muhammad's companions at the meeting of Saqifa where they appointed Abu Bakr () as caliph instead. As such, Sunni Muslims believe Abu Bakr, Umar (), Uthman () and Ali to be ' rightly-guided caliphs' whereas Shia Muslims only regard Ali as the legitimate successor. Shia Muslims assert imamate continued through Ali's sons Hasan and Husayn, after whom different Shia branches have their own imams. They revere the , the family of Muhammad, maintaining that they possess divine knowledge. Shia holy sites include the shrine of Ali in Najaf, the shrine of Husayn in Karbala and other mausoleums of the . Later events such as Husayn's martyrdom in the Battle of Karbala (680 CE) further influenced the devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qoddusi
Ali Qoddusi (Persian: علی قدوسی) (also Ghoddosi or Qodusi) (1927–1981) was an Iranian cleric and a major actor in the 1979 revolution. Qoddusi was born in 1927 in the province of Hamadan. He joined the Qom seminaries in 1944 and studied with, among others, grand ayatollah Hossein Borujerdi. His particular interests in his studies were ethics (akhlaq) and spirituality. Organizationally, he was eager to modernize the educational system of the hawza and to make the hawza again politically relevant. In 1964, he co-founded the Haqqani School, a Shiite seminary in Qom, from which many of the Islamic Republic's political elites were later recruited. Qoddusi was active in the struggle against the Shah, in particular in 1963 when the Shah sought to condemn Khomeini to death, but then instead decided to merely exile him. In 1966, Qoddusi was imprisoned for a short time in Qezel Qaleh Prison. In the 1970s, Qoddusi became the director of the Haqqani School, where in 1973/74 he open ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamiat Al-Zahra
Jami'at al-Zahra is the largest seminary for Muslim women in the Islamic world. It is located in Qom, Iran. Jami'at al-Zahra of Qom has an area of 25 hectares and 171,000 square meters of infrastructure, which hosts 13,000 students from 100 countries. Imam Reza School of Al-Zahra University with an area of 29,000 square meters and has 210 classrooms equipped with advanced and modern educational equipment. Hazrat Masoumeh Research Institute of Al-Zahra University with an area of 5261 square meters has 5 research groups and more than 50 official researchers. Hazrat Masoumeh Library of Al-Zahra University has 85,000 volumes of books with a study hall for 1,500 people. Hoda Al-Zahra University's Non-Profit Theology and Islamic Studies Faculty has 10 undergraduate and graduate courses and 330 students from Iran and 20 countries around the world. Hoda non-profit educational complex has 5 schools at the preschool, primary, first and second secondary levels and five secondary levels of Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1979 Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions. The ousting of Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, formally marked the end of Iran's historical monarchy. In 1953, the CIA- and MI6-backed 1953 Iranian coup d'état overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the country's oil industry to reclaim sovereignty from British control. The coup reinstalled Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as an absolute monarch and entrenched Iran as a client state of the U.S. and UK. Over the next 26 years, Pahlavi consolidated authoritarian rule, suppr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdul-Karim Ha'eri Yazdi
Grand Ayatollah Hajj Sheikh Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi (; ; 1859 – 30 January 1937) was an Iranian Twelver Shia Muslim scholar and marja. He was the founder of an important Islamic seminary (hawza) in Qom, Iran. Among his students was Ruhollah Khomeini. Haeri's granddaughter, Masoumeh Haeri Yazdi, married Mostafa Khomeini, the eldest son of Ruhollah Khomeini. Early life Haeri was born in the city of Meybod in Mehrjard village in southeastern Iran. He studied at Yazd, then at Samarra under Grand Ayatollah Mirza Hassan Shirazi, and completed his training at Najaf with Mohammad-Kazem Khorasani and Mohammed Kazem Yazdi. In 1906, he reportedly became disenchanted with the politicization from the Iranian Constitutional Revolution and moved back to Najaf, Iraq. When Najaf became political, he moved to Karbala until political excitement cooled in 1913 when he moved back to Arak in Iran. By 1921, he was a "well-known and respected teacher" and "good administrator" and he accepted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morteza Haeri
Murtaza (Afghan Persian: مُرتَضیٰ ''Murtazâ'') or Morteza (Iranian Persian: مُرتِضیٰ ''Mortezâ'') is a Persian male given name, ultimately derived from the Arabic Murtada (مُرْتَضَى ''Murtaḍā''). Pronunciation varies with accent, from native Arabic speakers to speakers of European and Asian languages. Honorific/regnal name * Ali ibn Abi Talib (601–661), son-in-law of Muhammad, fourth Caliph, first Shi'a Imam * Al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Abid, descendant of Ali, rose in revolt against the Abbasid Caliphate and assumed the name ''al-Murtadha'' as his regnal title. * Al-Murtada Muhammad (died 922), second Zaydi Imam of Yemen * Abu Hafs Umar al-Murtada (d. 1266), thirteenth Almohad caliph * Sharif al-Murtaza (965–1044), Shi'a scholar * Murtada al-Zabidi (1732–1790), Sufi scholar First name *Morteza Agha-Tehrani (born 1957), Iranian shia cleric and politician * Morteza Alviri (born 1948), Iranian politician, Mayor of Tehran 1999–2002 *Morteza Ansa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi
Ayatollah Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi (1923/24 in Najafabad, Isfahan province – 2006 in Tehran) was an Iranian cleric, scholar and proponent of Islamic Unity, who spent most years after the Iranian revolution of 1979 under house arrest. The Special Court for the Clergy had ordered that he do not teach and receive students. His writings were censored. Background Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi was born in 1923/24 and studied in Isfahan with Rahim Arbab and Mohammad Hasan Alem Najafabadi. Later he continued his studies in Qom with Tabatabai and Boroujerdi. He wrote Shahid-e Javid (The Eternal Martyr), which he started to conceive in 1961. It radically reinterpreted early Shii history. Despite the author's house arrest, it is in its fifth printing in Iran. Many books have been published in response to it, including by such distinguished ulama as Ayatollah Motahari (d. 1979) and Ayatollah Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani (d. 1993). In his essay Vahdat-e Islami, Najafabadi advocat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zohreh Sefati
Ayatollah Zohreh Sefati is a female Mujtahida. Sefati is a member of the Women's Socio-Cultural Council and a representative to the Supreme Council of Cultural Reforms. Personal and Education Life Sefati was raised in a religious family. She was born in Abadan, Iran in 1948. She studied her high school-level subjects at home before attending theology school in 1966. Sefati took preliminary lessons in jurisprudence, literature and Islamic sciences in Abadan. In 1970, she left to attend Qom Theology School to continue her studies. She was a student of renowned scholars such as Ayatollah Shahidi, Ayatollah Haqqi, Ayatollah Ali Meshkini and Ayatollah Mohammad Hassan Ahmadi Faqih (who was her husband). Sefati achieved the highest jurisprudence degree (Ijtihad), an accomplishment made only by a small number of women. Her Ijtihad degree was approved by several ayatollahs, including Ayatollahs Ali Yari Gharavi-Tabrizi (a student of Ayatollah Naeini), Safi Gulpaygani, Fazel Lankara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monir Gorjih
Muneer (also spelled Moneer, Monir, Mounir, or Muneyr, , meaning ''illuminating'', ''lightsome'', ''bright'', ''luminous'') is a masculine Arabic given name, it may refer to: Given name * Muneer Ahmad, American professor of law * {{anbl, Mounir Akbache * Munir Akram (born 1945), Pakistan Ambassador to the United Nations from 2002 to 2008 * Munir al-Rayyes (1901-1992), was a prominent Syrian newspaper editor and writer * Munir Awad (born 1981), citizen of Sweden who has fallen under suspicion of an association with terrorism * Muneer Ahmed Badini (born 1953), Pakistani writer * Munir Bashir (1930-1997), Assyrian musician * Munir Bhatti (died 2024), Pakistani field hockey player * Münir Ertegün (1883-1944), Turkish politician * Muneer Fareed (born 1956), American scholar * Münir Hüsrev Göle (1890–1955), Turkish politician * Munir El Haddadi (born 1995), Moroccan footballer * Mounir El Hamdaoui (born 1984), Dutch-Moroccan footballer * Monir Haidar, Bangladeshi journalist an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dar Al-Zahra
Dar al-Zahra was the first women's Shia seminary to be opened in Qom. It was established by grand ayatollah Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari, who opened it in 1973 as a section of his hawza Dar al-Tabligh. By 1975, Dar al-Zahra already counted 150 female students, taught by male teachers from behind a curtain. With the fall-out between Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari and Khomeini, the seminary was closed and Shariatmadari was placed under house arrest. Dar al-Zahra was run by Fatemeh Amini. After Dar al-Tabligh The Dar al-Tabligh was a Shiite seminary in Qom. It was established in the mid-1960s by eminent grand ayatollah Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari and soon emerged as one of the most popular hawza for Iranian and foreign students, with a prolific publish ... was closed, she opened a number of other women's seminaries in Tehran.Azadeh Kian-Thiébaut, “Women’s Religious Seminaries in Iran”, ISIM Newsletter, No. 6, October 2000, p. 23. References Education in Iran Educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a Ethnicities in Iran, multi-ethnic population of over 92 million in an area of , Iran ranks 17th globally in both List of countries and dependencies by area, geographic size and List of countries and dependencies by population, population. It is the List of Asian countries by area, sixth-largest country entirely in Asia and one of the world's List of mountains in Iran, most mountainous countries. Officially an Islamic republic, Iran is divided into Regions of Iran, five regions with Provinces of Iran, 31 provinces. Tehran is the nation's Capital city, capital, List of cities in Iran by province, largest city and financial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
