Maize Diseases

	Maize Diseases Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, Parasitic Virus and virus-like diseases References Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society {{corn * Maize Maize (; ''Zea mays''), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain. It was domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago from wild teosinte. Native American ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Pseudomonas Avenae ''Pseudomonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae in the class Gammaproteobacteria. The 348 members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of Metabolism, metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches and hosts. Their ease of culture ''in vitro'' and availability of an increasing number of ''Pseudomonas'' strain genome sequences has made the genus an excellent focus for scientific research; the best studied species include ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. aeruginosa'' in its role as an opportunistic human pathogen, the plant pathogen ''Pseudomonas syringae, P. syringae'', the soil bacterium ''Pseudomonas putida, P. putida'', and the plant growth-promoting ''Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. fluorescens, Pseudomonas lini, P. lini, Pseudomonas migulae, P. migulae'', and ''Pseudomonas graminis, P. graminis''. Because of their widespread occurrence in water and plant seeds such as dicots, the pseudomonadaceae, pseudomo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Aspergillus Flavus ''Aspergillus flavus'' is a saprotrophic and pathogenic fungus with a cosmopolitan distribution. It is best known for its colonization of cereal grains, legumes, and tree nuts. Postharvest rot typically develops during harvest, storage, and/or transit. Its specific name '' flavus'' derives from the Latin meaning yellow, a reference to the frequently observed colour of the spores. ''A. flavus'' infections can occur while hosts are still in the field (preharvest), but often show no symptoms (dormancy) until postharvest storage or transport. In addition to causing preharvest and postharvest infections, many strains produce significant quantities of toxic compounds known as mycotoxins, which, when consumed, are toxic to mammals. ''A. flavus'' is also an opportunistic human and animal pathogen, causing aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. Hosts ''Aspergillus flavus'' is found globally as a saprophyte in soils and causes disease on many important agriculture crops. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Curvularia Eragostidis ''Curvularia'' is a genus of hyphomycete (mold) fungi which can be pathogens but also act as beneficial partners of many plant species. They are common in soil. Most ''Curvularia'' species are found in tropical regions, though a few are found in temperate zones. ''Curvularia'' is defined by the type species ''C. lunata'' (Wakker) Boedijn. ''Curvularia lunata'' appears as shiny velvety-black, fluffy growth (on the fungus colony surface). These fluffy 'hairs', which really are branching, fine filamentous structures called hyphae, are divided inside by cell walls named septae (-> the hyphae are 'septate'). The walls of these hyphae contain dark pigments, which makes for their black appearance and which is called 'dematiaceous'. The hyphae produce brown spore bearing organs, 'conidiophores', which are distinguished by their 'geniculate'shape, meaning they have bends of abrupt kneelike angles. The immobile, asexual fungal spores born on those conidiophores, the conidia, proconidi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Corticium Sasakii ''Corticium'' may refer to two different genera: * ''Corticium'' (fungus), a genus of fungi * ''Corticium'' (sponge), a genus of sea sponges in the family Plakinidae Plakinidae is a family of marine sponges. It is composed of eight genera: Plakinidae and Oscarellidae are the two families that compose the fourth and smallest class of the porifera phylum, Homoscleromorpha. * '' Aspiculophora'' Ruiz, Muricy, L ... {{Genus disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Macrophomina Phaseolina ''Macrophomina phaseolina'' is a Botryosphaeriaceae plant pathogen fungus that causes damping off, seedling blight, collar rot, stem rot, charcoal rot, basal stem rot, and root rot on many plant species. Hosts, symptoms, and signs One of the most harmful seed and soil borne pathogens, ''Macrophomina phaseolina'' is a fungus that infects nearly 500 plant species in more than 100 families. The hosts include: peanut, cabbage, pepper, chickpea, soybean, sunflower, sweet potato, alfalfa, sesame, potato, sorghum, wheat, and corn, among others. The identification of isolates of ''M. phaseolina'' is usually based on morphology and efforts to divide the pathogen into subspecies, but because there are wide intraspecific variations in the phenotype of the isolates, these criteria are often not reliable. The failure to correctly detect and identify ''M. phaseolina'' using conventional culture-based morphological techniques has led scientists to develop nucleic acid-based molecular approa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Physoderma Maydis ''Physoderma maydis'' is a species of fungus in the family Physodermataceae. It is a pathogen of the maize Maize (; ''Zea mays''), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain. It was domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago from wild teosinte. Native American ..., causing a disease known as brown spot of maize or brown spot of corn. This species was first labeled in 1910 in India, then again a year later in Illinois. References Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Blastocladiomycota Fungi described in 1909 Fungus species {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Marasmiellus ''Marasmiellus'' is a genus of fungi in the family (biology), family Omphalotaceae. The widespread genus, circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by American mycologist William Murrill in 1915, contains over 250 species. The name comes from the Greek (language), Greek ''marasmus'' meaning ''wasting''. Morphology and life cycle The morphology of ''Marasmiellus'' has received little attention compared to other genera of ''Marasmiaceae, Omphalotaceae'', mainly due to their uncolorful Pileus (mycology), pileus, small basidiocarps, and little variation in morphological characters. These factors complicate delimitations of species within this genus. Species of ''Marasmiellus'' have prostrate and diverticulate hyphae, which have no clear orientation. However, it has been observed that other hyphae can aggregate in fascicles and be radially oriented. Furthermore, Cystidium, cheilocystidia arise from horizontal hyphae and are frequently embedded in the hymenium, often being prostrate. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Botryodiplodia Theobromae ''Lasiodiplodia theobromae'' is a Plant pathology, plant pathogen with a very wide host (biology), host range. It causes rotting and Forest dieback, dieback in most species it infects. It is a common post harvest fungus disease of citrus known as stem-end rot. It is a cause of bot canker of grapevine.Identification and Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Diplodia seriata, the Causal Agents of Bot Canker Disease of Grapevines in Mexico. J. R. Úrbez-Torres, G. M. Leavitt, J. C. Guerrero, J. Guevara and W. D. Gubler, Plant Disease, April 2008, Volume 92, Number 4, pages 519-529, It also infects ''Biancaea sappan'', a species of flowering tree also known as Sappanwood. On rare occasions it has been found to cause fungal keratitis, lesions on nail and subcutaneous tissue. It has been implicated in the widespread mortality of baobab (''Adansonia digitata'') trees in Southern Africa. A preliminary study found the deaths to have a complex set of causes requiring detailed rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Cephalosporium Acremonium ''Sarocladium strictum'' (previously called ''Acremonium strictum'' or ''Cephalosporium acremonium'') is an environmentally widespread saprotrophic fungi found in soil, plant debris, and rotting mushrooms. Isolates have been collected in North and Central America, Asia, Europe and Egypt. ''S. strictum'' is an agent of hyalohyphomycosis (skin, nail and tissue infection) and has been identified as an increasingly frequent human pathogen in immunosuppressed individuals, causing localized, disseminated and invasive infections. Although extremely rare, ''S. strictum'' can infect immunocompetent individuals, as well as newborns. Due to the growing number of infections caused by ''S. strictum'' in the past few years, the need for new medical techniques in the identification of the fungus as well as for the treatment of human infections has risen considerably. ''S. strictum'' has been shown to be involved in some myoparasitic relationships, as well as a wide range of plant endophytic a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Acremonium Strictum ''Acremonium strictum'' is an environmentally widespread saprotroph species found in soil, plant debris, and rotting mushrooms. Isolates have been collected in North and Central America, Asia, Europe and Egypt. ''A. strictum'' is an agent of hyalohyphomycosis and has been identified as an increasingly frequent human pathogen in immunosuppressed individuals, causing localized, disseminated and invasive infections. Although extremely rare, ''A. strictum'' can infect immunocompetent individuals, as well as neonates. Due to the growing number of infections caused by ''A. strictum'' in the past few years, the need for new medical techniques in the identification of the fungus as well as for the treatment of human infections has risen considerably. ''Acremonium strictum'' has been shown to be involved in some myoparasitic relationships, as well as a wide range of plant endophytic and parasitic relationships, and further studies are required to determine ''A. strictum's'' use as a biol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]