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Main Group Azido Compounds
Main group azido compounds are chemical compounds consisting of azide, N3− bonded to a main group element. Azido compounds are often Shock sensitivity, shock sensitive. Their sensitivity correlates with the amount of Ionic bond, ionic or Covalent bond, covalent character the azide-element bond has, with ionic character being far more stable than covalent character. Compounds such as sodium azide – which has ionic character – tend to be less sensitive, Such compounds are relevant to high-energy-density matter. although sodium azide is, ironically, the principal gas-forming component of air bags. It is the most important azide from a commercial perspective. The other commercially important azide is the lead derivative, which is of interest because of its explosive properties. Synthesis Azido compounds compounds can often be prepared by Salt metathesis reaction, salt metathesis between sodium azide or silver azide and the main group chloride. Another route involves the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Compounds
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element is therefore not a compound. A compound can be transformed into a different substance by a chemical reaction, which may involve interactions with other substances. In this process, bonds between atoms may be broken or new bonds formed or both. There are four major types of compounds, distinguished by how the constituent atoms are bonded together. Molecular compounds are held together by covalent bonds; ionic compounds are held together by ionic bonds; intermetallic compounds are held together by metallic bonds; coordination complexes are held together by coordinate covalent bonds. Non-stoichiometric compounds form a disputed marginal case. A chemical formula specifies the number of atoms of each element in a compound molecule, us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potassium Carbonate
Potassium carbonate is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a white salt, which is soluble in water and forms a strongly alkaline solution. It is deliquescent, often appearing as a damp or wet solid. Potassium carbonate is mainly used in the production of soap and glass. Commonly, it can be found as the result of leakage of alkaline batteries. Potassium carbonate is a potassium salt of carbonic acid. This salt consists of potassium cations and carbonate anions , and is therefore an alkali metal carbonate. History Potassium carbonate is the primary component of potash and the more refined pearl ash or salt of tartar. Historically, pearl ash was created by baking potash in a kiln to remove impurities. The fine, white powder remaining was the pearl ash. The first patent issued by the US Patent Office was awarded to Samuel Hopkins in 1790 for an improved method of making potash and pearl ash. In late 18th-century North America, before the development of baking pow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octahedral Molecular Geometry
In chemistry, octahedral molecular geometry, also called square bipyramidal, describes the shape of compounds with six atoms or groups of atoms or ligands symmetrically arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of an octahedron. The octahedron has eight faces, hence the prefix '' octa''. The octahedron is one of the Platonic solids, although octahedral molecules typically have an atom in their centre and no bonds between the ligand atoms. A perfect octahedron belongs to the point group Oh. Examples of octahedral compounds are sulfur hexafluoride SF6 and molybdenum hexacarbonyl Mo(CO)6. The term "octahedral" is used somewhat loosely by chemists, focusing on the geometry of the bonds to the central atom and not considering differences among the ligands themselves. For example, , which is not octahedral in the mathematical sense due to the orientation of the bonds, is referred to as octahedral. The concept of octahedral coordination geometry was developed by Alfred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thallium Azide
Thallium azide, , is a yellow-brown crystalline solid poorly soluble in water. Although it is not nearly as sensitive to shock or friction as lead azide, it can easily be detonated by a flame or spark. It can be stored safely dry in a closed non-metallic container. Preparation and structure Thallium azide can be prepared treating an aqueous solution of thallium(I) sulfate with sodium azide. Thallium azide will precipitate; the yield can be maximized by cooling. , , , and adopt the same structures. The azide is bound to eight cations in an eclipsed orientation. The cations are bound to eight terminal N centers. Safety All thallium compounds are poisonous and should be handled with care. Azide salts are also roughly as toxic as their corresponding cyanide In chemistry, cyanide () is an inorganic chemical compound that contains a functional group. This group, known as the cyano group, consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. Ionic cyanides contain the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallium Nitride
Gallium nitride () is a binary III/ V direct bandgap semiconductor commonly used in blue light-emitting diodes since the 1990s. The compound is a very hard material that has a Wurtzite crystal structure. Its wide band gap of 3.4 eV affords it special properties for applications in optoelectronics, high-power and high-frequency devices. For example, GaN is the substrate that makes violet (405 nm) laser diodes possible, without requiring nonlinear optical frequency doubling. Its sensitivity to ionizing radiation is low (like other group III nitrides), making it a suitable material for solar cell arrays for satellites. Military and space applications could also benefit as devices have shown stability in high-radiation environments. Because GaN transistors can operate at much higher temperatures and work at much higher voltages than gallium arsenide (GaAs) transistors, they make ideal power amplifiers at microwave frequencies. In addition, GaN offers promising c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrazole
A tetrazole is a chemical synthesis, synthetic organic heterocyclic compound, consisting of a 5-member ring of four nitrogen atoms and one carbon atom. The name tetrazole also refers to the parent compound - a whitish crystalline powder with the formula CH2N4, of which three isomers exist. Structure and bonding Three isomers of the parent tetrazole exist, differing in the position of the double bonds: 1''H''-, 2''H''-, and 5''H''-tetrazole. The 1''H''- and 2''H''- isomers are tautomers, with the equilibrium lying on the side of 1''H''-tetrazole in the solid phase. In the gas phase, 2''H''-tetrazole dominates. These isomers can be regarded as aromatic, with 6 π-electrons, while the 5''H''-isomer is nonaromatic. Phosphorus analogs do not have the same electronic nature, with 1''H''-tetraphosphole having a more pyramidal geometry of the phosphorus at position 1. Instead, it is the anionic tetraphospholides that are aromatic. Strongly inductive effect, inductively electron-withd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diborane
Diborane(6), commonly known as diborane, is the chemical compound with the formula . It is a highly toxic, colorless, and pyrophoric gas with a repulsively sweet odor. Given its simple formula, borane is a fundamental boron compound. It has attracted wide attention for its electronic structure. Several of its derivatives are useful reagents. Structure and bonding The structure of diborane has D2h symmetry. Four hydrides are terminal, while two bridge between the boron centers. The lengths of the B–Hbridge bonds and the B–Hterminal bonds are 1.33 and 1.19 Å respectively. This difference in bond lengths reflects the difference in their strengths, the B–Hbridge bonds being relatively weaker. The weakness of the B–Hbridge compared to B–Hterminal bonds is indicated by their vibrational signatures in the infrared spectrum, being ≈2100 and 2500 cm−1 respectively. The model determined by molecular orbital theory describes the bonds between boron and the te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boron Triazide
Boron triazide, also known as triazidoborane, is a thermally unstable compound of boron and nitrogen with a nitrogen content of 92.1 % (by the standard atomic weight). Formally, it is the triazido derivative of borane and is a covalent inorganic azide. The high-energy compound, which has the propensity to undergo spontaneous explosive decomposition, was first described in 1954 by Egon Wiberg and Horst Michaud of the University of Munich. Preparation The first method is by the addition of diborane to a solution of hydrazoic acid in diethyl ether at a temperature range between −20 °C and −10 °C. This synthesis proceeds via the intermediates monoazidoborane, , and diazidoborane, . : The compound can also be obtained by passing boron tribromide vapor over solid silver azide in high vacuum. : A similar gas-phase synthesis uses the spontaneous reaction of boron trichloride with hydrazoic acid. : Properties The compound forms colorless crystals that are only stable at low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CSD CIF OBEXIC
CSD may refer to: Finance * Central securities depository * Confederate States Dollar * Serbian dinar, by previous ISO 4217 code Organizations Education * California School for the Deaf (other), several institutions * Canyons School District, in Utah, US * Cheltenham School District, in Pennsylvania, US * Christina School District, in Delaware, US * Cleveland School District, in Mississippi, US * Cordova School District, in Alaska, US Other organizations * Canteen Stores Department (India), a chain of stores operated by the Indian Ministry of Defence at military bases * CSD Pakistan (Canteen Stores Department), a chain of stores operated by the Pakistani Ministry of Defence * Chartered Society of Designers, a British learned society for various kinds of design work * Commission on Sustainable Development (1992–2013), a former UN agency * Communication Service for the Deaf, an American non-profit company providing ASL services * Congress of Democratic Trade Unions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barium Bromide
Barium bromide is the chemical compound with the formula BaBr2. It is ionic and hygroscopic in nature. Structure and properties BaBr2 crystallizes in the lead chloride ( cotunnite) motif, giving white orthorhombic crystals that are deliquescent. In aqueous solution BaBr2 behaves as a simple salt. Solutions of barium bromide reacts with the sulfate salts to produce a solid precipitate of barium sulfate. :BaBr2 + → BaSO4 + 2 Br− Similar reactions occur with oxalic acid, hydrofluoric acid, and phosphoric acid, giving solid precipitates of barium oxalate, fluoride, and phosphate, respectively. Preparation Barium bromide can be prepared by treating barium sulfide or barium carbonate with hydrobromic acid: :BaS + 2 HBr → BaBr2 + H2S :BaCO3 + 2 HBr → BaBr2 + CO2 + H2O Barium bromide crystallizes from concentrated aqueous solution in its dihydrate, BaBr2·2H2O. Heating this dihydrate to 120 °C gives the anhydrous salt. Uses Barium bromide is a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barium Azide
Barium azide is an inorganic azide with the formula . It is a barium salt of hydrazoic acid. Like all azides, it is explosive. It is less sensitive to mechanical shock than lead azide. Preparation Barium azide may be prepared by reacting sodium azide with a soluble barium salt: : Uses Barium azide can be used to make azides of magnesium, sodium, potassium, lithium, rubidium and zinc with their respective sulfates. : It can also be used as a source for high purity nitrogen by heating: : This reaction liberates metallic barium, which is used as a getter A getter is a deposit of reactive material that is placed inside a vacuum system to complete and maintain the vacuum. When gas molecules strike the getter material, they combine with it chemically or by adsorption. Thus the getter removes small ... in vacuum applications. See also * Calcium azide * Sodium azide * Hydrazoic acid References {{Azides Azides Barium compounds Explosive chemicals Inorganic compound ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plenum Press
Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing. Originally founded in 1842 in Berlin, it expanded internationally in the 1960s, and through mergers in the 1990s and a sale to venture capitalists it fused with Wolters Kluwer and eventually became part of Springer Nature in 2015. Springer has major offices in Berlin, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, and New York City. History Julius Springer founded Springer-Verlag in Berlin in 1842 and his son Ferdinand Springer grew it from a small firm of 4 employees into Germany's then second-largest academic publisher with 65 staff in 1872.Chronology ". Springer Science+Business Media. In 1964, Springer expanded its business internationally, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
