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Madonna (name)
Madonna () is a name from the 16th century, originally used as a respectful form of address to an Italian woman. It comes from the Old Italian phrase ''ma donna'' which means "my lady". It was adopted as one of the titles for Mary, mother of Jesus in Roman Catholic tradition in the 17th century. Its usage has been present in Western Christian art and literature. The name has also become associated in contemporary culture with American singer Madonna (full name: Madonna Louise Ciccone) since late twentieth century. She registered her name for trademark in the United States during the 1980s. Her trademark was also recognized internationally when she won a legal case in 2000 through the United Nations' arbitration at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). Etymology and title for Mary, mother of Jesus Madonna comes from Old Italian language words of ''ma'' ("my") and ''donna'' ("lady"). The Italian word came from the Latin phrase ''mea domina'' (or ''domina me ...
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Tuscan Dialect
Tuscan ( ; ) is a set of Italo-Dalmatian varieties of Romance spoken in Tuscany, Corsica, and Sardinia. Standard Italian is based on Tuscan, specifically on its Florentine dialect, and it became the language of culture throughout Italy because of the prestige of the works by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli, and Francesco Guicciardini. It later became the official language of all of the historic Italian states and then of the Kingdom of Italy when it was formed. Subdialects In '' De vulgari eloquentia'' ( 1300), Dante Alighieri distinguishes four main subdialects: ''fiorentino'' (Florence), ''senese'' (Siena), ''lucchese'' (Lucca) and ''aretino'' (Arezzo). Tuscan is a dialect complex composed of many local variants, with minor differences among them. The main subdivisions are between Northern Tuscan dialects, the Southern Tuscan dialects and Corsican. The Northern Tuscan dialects are (from east to west): * Fiorentino, the main ...
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Clarendon Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press officially granted the legal right to print books by decree in 1586. It is the second-oldest university press after Cambridge University Press, which was founded in 1534. It is a department of the University of Oxford. It is governed by a group of 15 academics, the Delegates of the Press, appointed by the vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford. The Delegates of the Press are led by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative on other university bodies. Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. The press is located on Walton Street, Oxford, opposite Somerville College, in the inner suburb of Jericho. For the last 400 years, OUP has focused primarily on the publication of pedagogic ...
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Vernacular Culture
Vernacular culture is the cultural forms made and organised by ordinary, often indigenous people, as distinct from the high culture of an elite. One feature of vernacular culture is that it is informal. Such culture is generally engaged in on a non-profit and voluntary basis, and is almost never funded by the state. The term is used in the modern study of geography and cultural studies. It generally implies a cultural form that differs markedly from a deeply rooted folk culture, and also from tightly organised subcultures and religious cultures. In cultural and communication studies, vernacular rhetoric is the discursive aspect of vernacular culture, referring to "mundane, bottom-up, and informal discursive expressions that challenge and criticize the institutional". Examples * the making and shaping of personal gardens, market garden allotments * amateur photography, family albums * scrapbooking * the making and showing of home movies * self-organising creative circles, such ...
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Oxford Dictionary Of English
The ''Oxford Dictionary of English'' (''ODE'') is a single-volume English dictionary published by Oxford University Press, first published in 1998 as ''The New Oxford Dictionary of English'' (''NODE''). The word "New" was dropped from the title with the Second Edition in 2003. The dictionary is not based on the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (OED) – it is a separate dictionary which strives to represent faithfully the current usage of English words. The Revised Second Edition contains 355,000 words, phrases, and definitions, including biographical references and thousands of encyclopaedic entries. The Third Edition was published in August 2010, with some new words, including ''vuvuzela''. It is currently the largest single-volume English-language dictionary published by Oxford University Press, but is much smaller than the comprehensive ''Oxford English Dictionary'', which is published in multiple volumes. Editorial principles and practices The first editor, Judy Pearsall, wr ...
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University Of Ottawa Press
The University of Ottawa Press () is a bilingual university press located in Ottawa, Ontario. It publishes approximately 25-30 books annually in both English and French. The UOP is the only fully bilingual university publishing house in Canada. Like other university presses, the publishing program at the ''University of Ottawa Press'' includes scholarly works, textbooks and, on occasion, books of general interest. While the UOP publishes volumes on a broad variety of subjects, it specializes in four main subject areas: social and cultural studies, translation and interpretation, political and international affairs, and literature and the arts. The press is currently a member of the Association of University Presses. History In 1930, professors from the faculty of philosophy and theology at the University of Ottawa decided to publish a periodical that would "favour the development of higher culture". The first edition, titled ''La revue de l'Université d'Ottawa'', appea ...
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Loanword
A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away from the donor language and there is no expectation of returning anything (i.e., the loanword). Loanwords may be contrasted with calques, in which a word is borrowed into the recipient language by being directly translated from the donor language rather than being adopted in (an approximation of) its original form. They must also be distinguished from cognates, which are words in two or more related languages that are similar because they share an etymological origin in the ancestral language, rather than because one borrowed the word from the other. Examples and related terms A loanword is distinguished from a calque (or ...
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Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated is an list of companies of the United States by state, American company that publishes reference work, reference books and is mostly known for Webster's Dictionary, its dictionaries. It is the oldest dictionary publisher in the United States. In 1831, George Merriam, George and Charles Merriam founded the company as G & C Merriam Co. in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1843, after Noah Webster died, the company bought the rights to ''Webster's Dictionary#Noah Webster's American Dictionary of the English Language, An American Dictionary of the English Language'' from Webster's estate. All Merriam-Webster dictionaries trace their lineage to this source. In 1964, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., acquired Merriam-Webster, Inc., as a subsidiary. The company adopted its current name, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, in 1982. History 19th century In 1806, Webster published his first dictionary, s:A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language, ''A Compen ...
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Random House
Random House is an imprint and publishing group of Penguin Random House. Founded in 1927 by businessmen Bennett Cerf and Donald Klopfer as an imprint of Modern Library, it quickly overtook Modern Library as the parent imprint. Over the following decades, a series of acquisitions made it into one of the largest publishers in the United States. In 2013, it was merged with Penguin Group to form Penguin Random House, which is owned by the Germany-based media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Penguin Random House uses its brand for Random House Publishing Group and Random House Children's Books, as well as several imprints. Company history 20th century Random House was founded in 1927 by Bennett Cerf and Donald Klopfer, two years after they acquired the Modern Library imprint from publisher Horace Liveright, which reprints classic works of literature. Cerf is quoted as saying, "We just said we were going to publish a few books on the side at random", which suggested the name Random ...
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Donna (given Name)
Donna is an English-language feminine first name meaning 'woman' in modern Italian, and 'lady' or ' mistress' in classical Italian. The original meaning is closer to 'lady of the home' and was a title of respect in Italy, equivalent to '' Don'' for gentlemen or lord. It is a common given name in the United States, particularly in Chicago, Florida, New York City, and Washington. It is rare as a surname. People with the given name * Donna Air (born 1979), English actress * Donna Alvermann, American educator and researcher * Donna Andrews, American author * Donna Axum (1942–2018), American beauty pageant winner, author, television executive producer, philanthropist and model * Donna Baird, American epidemiologist and evolutionary-population biologist * Donna Barnes, American politician * Donna J. Boley (born 1935), American politician * Donna Brazile, American political activist * Donna Bruton (1954–2012), American painter, educator * Donna Burke, Australian singer, voice ...
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Madge (given Name)
Madge is a female given name, a short form of Margaret, Marjorie, and Maggie. Madge may refer to: Actresses: * Madge Bellamy (1899–1990), American movie actress born Margaret Derden Philpott * Madge Blake (1899–1969), American character actress most famous for her role as Aunt Harriet Cooper on the TV series ''Batman'' * Madge Brindley (1901–1968), British actress * Madge Elliott (1896–1955), Australian dancer and actress * Madge Evans (born Margherita Evans; 1909–1981), American film actress who began her career as a child actress and model * Madge Hindle (born 1938), English actress * Dame Madge Kendal (1848–1935), English actress and theatre manager * Madge Kennedy (1891–1987), American actress * Madge Kirby (1884–1956), English-born American actress * Madge Lessing (1873–1966), English singer and actress * Madge Meredith (1921–2017), American actress * Madge Ryan (1919–1994), Australian actress * Madge Sinclair (1938–1995), Jamaican-born American ...
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Maddy (given Name)
Maddy or Maddie is a shortened form of the feminine given names Madeleine, Madeline, Madelyn, Madison, etc. People * Maddy Crippen (born 1980), American medley swimmer * Maddy Cusack (1995–2023), English footballer * Maddy English (1925–2004), American professional baseball player * Maddy Evans (born 1991), American soccer player * Maddy Hill (born 1990), English actress * Maddie Madayag (born 1998), Filipina volleyball player * Maddie Moate (born 1988), English TV presenter and YouTube filmmaker * Maddy Morphosis (born 1994), American drag performer * Maddie Poppe (born 1997), American singer-songwriter, 16th winner of ''American Idol'' (2018) * Maddy Prior (born 1947), English folk singer * Maddie Rooney (born 1997), American ice hockey player * Maddy Rosenberg (born 1956), American artist and curator * Maddy Scott (born 1991), Canadian person who has been missing since 2011 * Maddy Siegrist (born 2000), American basketball player * Maddy Thorson (born 1988), ...
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Ebury Publishing
Ebury Publishing is a division of Penguin Random House, and is a publisher of general non-fiction books in the UK. Ebury was founded in 1961 as a division of Nat Mags and was originally located on Ebury Street in London. It was sold to Century Hutchinson in 1989; Century Hutchinson was acquired by Random House. Random House merged with Penguin Group to form Penguin Random House in 2013. Under its umbrella are the imprints BBC Books, Ebury Press, Rider, Time Out, Virgin Books Virgin Books is a British book publisher 90% owned by the publishing group Random House, and 10% owned by Virgin Group, the company originally set up by Richard Branson as a record company. History Virgin established its book publishing ..., Ebury Spotlight and Vermilion—each with their own, distinct identity and specialist areas of publishing. References External links * Random House 1989 mergers and acquisitions {{publish-company-stub ...
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