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Macrotinae
''Macrotus'' is a genus of bats in the Neotropical family Phyllostomidae. It is the only member of the subfamily Macrotinae. This genus contains two species, ''Macrotus californicus'' commonly known as California leaf-nosed bat and ''Macrotus waterhousii'' commonly known as Mexican or Waterhouse's leaf-nosed bat. The range of this family includes the warmer parts of the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central and South America, and the Bahama Islands. Characteristic for the genus are large ears and the name giving triangular skin flap above the nose, the "leaf". The California Leaf-nosed Bat inhabits the arid deserts of the southwestern United States as far north as Nevada, south to Baja California and Sonora, Mexico. The California Leaf-nosed Bat is of medium size, with a total length between 9 and 11 cm Its most distinctive features are the large ears, connected across the forehead. The body is pale grayish brown dorsally with whitish under parts. The pelage (fur) on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micronycterinae
Micronycterinae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae). They are commonly known as the little big-eared bats. It contains two genera, '' Lampronycteris'' (one species) and ''Micronycteris'' (eleven species). Van Den Bussche (1992) was the first to propose the subfamily, which initially just contained ''Micronycteris''. Previous studies had sometimes included these genera in the subfamily Phyllostominae. Position within Phyllostomidae It is one of the more basal subfamilies of the family Phyllostomidae. Of the eleven currently recognized subfamilies, only the Macrotinae ''Macrotus'' is a genus of bats in the Neotropical family Phyllostomidae. It is the only member of the subfamily Macrotinae. This genus contains two species, ''Macrotus californicus'' commonly known as California leaf-nosed bat and ''Macrotus w ... lineage split before Micronycterinae. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q105406694 Phyllostomidae Mammal subfamilies Taxa described in 1992 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthopteran
Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – grasshoppers, locusts, and close relatives; and Ensifera – crickets and close relatives. More than 20,000 species are distributed worldwide. The insects in the order have incomplete metamorphosis, and produce sound (known as a "stridulation") by rubbing their wings against each other or their legs, the wings or legs containing rows of corrugated bumps. The tympanum, or ear, is located in the front tibia in crickets, mole crickets, and bush crickets or katydids, and on the first abdominal segment in the grasshoppers and locusts. These organisms use vibrations to locate other individuals. Grasshoppers and other orthopterans are able to fold their wings (i.e. they are members of Neoptera). Etymology The name is derived from the Greek meaning "s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insectivorous
A robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant which eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can also refer to the human practice of eating insects. The first vertebrate insectivores were amphibians. When they evolved 400 million years ago, the first amphibians were piscivores, with numerous sharp conical teeth, much like a modern crocodile. The same tooth arrangement is however also suited for eating animals with exoskeletons, thus the ability to eat insects can stem from piscivory. At one time, insectivorous mammals were scientifically classified in an order called Insectivora. This order is now abandoned, as not all insectivorous mammals are closely related. Most of the Insectivora taxa have been reclassified; those that have not yet been reclassified and found to be truly related to each other remain in the order Eulipotyphla. Although individually small, insects exist in enormous numbers. Insects make up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foraging
Foraging is searching for wild food resources. It affects an animal's fitness because it plays an important role in an animal's ability to survive and reproduce. Foraging theory is a branch of behavioral ecology that studies the foraging behavior of animals in response to the environment where the animal lives. Behavioral ecologists use economic models and categories to understand foraging; many of these models are a type of optimal model. Thus foraging theory is discussed in terms of optimizing a payoff from a foraging decision. The payoff for many of these models is the amount of energy an animal receives per unit time, more specifically, the highest ratio of energetic gain to cost while foraging. Foraging theory predicts that the decisions that maximize energy per unit time and thus deliver the highest payoff will be selected for and persist. Key words used to describe foraging behavior include ''resources'', the elements necessary for survival and reproduction which have a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a phylogenetic tree#Rooted tree, rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, Phylogenetic diversity, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a 'key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and cladogenesis, diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stenodermatinae
Stenodermatinae is a large subfamily of bats in the family Phyllostomidae. List of species Subfamily Stenodermatinae *Genus: '' Ametrida'' ** Little white-shouldered bat, ''Ametrida centurio'' *Genus: '' Ardops'' ** Tree bat, ''Ardops nichollsi'' *Genus: '' Ariteus'' ** Jamaican fig-eating bat, ''Ariteus flavescens'' *Genus: ''Artibeus'' - Neotropical fruit bats **Subgenus: ''Artibeus'' *** Large fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus amplus'' *** Fringed fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus fimbriatus'' *** Fraternal fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus fraterculus'' *** Hairy fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus hirsutus'' *** Honduran fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus inopinatus'' ***Jamaican fruit bat, ''Artibeus jamaicensis'' *** Great fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus lituratus'' *** Dark fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus obscurus'' *** Flat-faced fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus planirostris'' **Subgenus: '' Dermanura'' *** Andersen's fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus anderseni'' *** Aztec fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus aztecus'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhinophyllinae
''Rhinophylla'' is a genus of South American bat Bats are flying mammals of the order Chiroptera (). With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most birds, flying with their very long spread-out ...s in the family Phyllostomidae containing these species: * Hairy little fruit bat, ''R. alethina'' * Fischer's little fruit bat, ''R. fischerae'' * Dwarf little fruit bat, ''R. pumilio'' References Phyllostomidae Bat genera Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{leafnosed-bat-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glyphonycterinae
Glyphonycterinae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats. It contains the following genera: *'' Glyphonycteris'' *'' Neonycteris'' *'' Trinycteris'' Glyphonycterinae was proposed in 2016 by Baker, Solari, Cirranello and Simmons. Previous to this publication, ''Glyphonycteris'' and ''Trinycteris'' were both included in Phyllostominae. The authors followed Wetterer et al. 2000 in including ''Neonycteris'' within the subfamily, as it is a poorly known genus: only two individuals have ever been documented, and both more than seventy years ago. Wetterer et al. said that the combined evidence of morphology, karyotypes, and alloenzymes supported a clade of ''Glyphonycteris'', ''Neonycteris'', and ''Trinycteris''. The members of Glyphonycterinae are insectivorous A robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant which eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can also refer to the human practice of eating insects. The first vertebrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carolliinae
Carolliinae is a subfamily of bats. Classification Subfamily Carolliinae *Genus: ''Carollia'' - Short-tailed Leaf-nosed Bats **Benkeith's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia benkeithi'' ** Silky short-tailed bat, ''Carollia brevicauda'' ** Chestnut short-tailed bat, ''Carollia castanea'' ** Colombian short-tailed bat, ''Carollia colombiana'' ** Manu short-tailed bat, ''Carollia manu'' **'' Carollia monohernandezi'' **Seba's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia perspicillata'' **Sowell's short-tailed bat Sowell's short-tailed bat (''Carollia sowelli'') is a common bat species in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found from San Luis Potosi (Mexico) through Central America to west Panama Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a count ..., ''Carollia sowelli'' ** Gray short-tailed bat, ''Carollia subrufa'' *Genus: '' Rhinophylla'' ** Hairy little fruit bat, ''Rhinophylla alethina'' ** Fischer's little fruit bat, ''Rhinophylla fischerae'' ** Dwarf little fruit bat, ''Rhinophylla pum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lonchophyllinae
Lonchophyllinae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats. List of species Subfamily: Lonchophyllinae * Tribe Lonchophyllini **Genus: '' Lionycteris'' *** Chestnut long-tongued bat, ''Lionycteris spurrelli'' **Genus: '' Lonchophylla'' ***Bokermann's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla bokermanni'' *** Chocoan long-tongued bat, ''Lonchophylla chocoana'' ***Dekeyser's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla dekeyseri'' ***'' Lonchophylla fornicata'' *** Handley's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla handleyi'' *** Western nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla hesperia'' *** Goldman's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla mordax'' *** Orcés’s long-tongued bat, ''Lonchophylla orcesi'' ***'' Lonchophylla orienticollina'' *** Orange nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla robusta'' **Genus: '' Platalina'' *** Long-snouted bat, ''Platalina genovensium'' **Genus: ''Xeronycteris'' *** Vieira's long-tongued bat, ''Xeronycteris vieirai'' * Tribe Hsunycterini **Genus: '' Hsunycteris'' *** Cadena's long-tongued bat, ''Hsunycteris cadenai'' *** Dashe's nectar ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
