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Macquaria Avus
''Macquaria'' is a genus of medium-sized, predatory temperate perches endemic to Australia. They are found in rivers of the eastern part of the continent. Species The currently recognized species in this genus are: * ''Macquaria ambigua'' ( J. Richardson, 1845), commonly known as golden perch or "yellowbelly" * ''Macquaria australasica'' ( G. Cuvier, 1830), commonly known as Macquarie perch One fossil species is known in †'' Macquaria avus'' ( Woodward, 1902) (=''Ctenolates avus'' Woodward, 1902) from Miocene-aged freshwater deposits near Nimbin. Many fossil remains assigned to this genus are known from the Eocene to the Miocene of Australia. However, it is uncertain whether they belong to this genus or to '' Percalates'' (formerly subsumed within it). Taxonomy Previously, the two catadromous species '' Macquaria colonorum'' and '' M. novemaculeata'' were also placed in this genus. However, more recent phylogenetic studies have found they are not closely related to the two oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier (; ), was a French natural history, naturalist and zoology, zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the early 19th century and was instrumental in establishing the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils. Cuvier's work is considered the foundation of vertebrate paleontology, and he expanded Linnaean taxonomy by grouping classes into phylum, phyla and incorporating both fossils and living species into the classification. Cuvier is also known for establishing extinction as a fact—at the time, extinction was considered by many of Cuvier's contemporaries to be merely controversial speculation. In his ''Essay on the Theory of the Earth'' (1813) Cuvier proposed that now-extinct species had been wiped out by periodic catastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nimbin, New South Wales
Nimbin is a town in the Northern Rivers area of the States and territories of Australia, Australian state of New South Wales, approximately north of Lismore, New South Wales, Lismore, northeast of Kyogle, New South Wales, Kyogle, and west of Byron Bay, New South Wales, Byron Bay. Nimbin is notable for the prominence of its environmental initiatives such as permaculture, sustainability, and self-sufficiency, as well as the cannabis (drug), cannabis counterculture. Writer Austin Pick described his initial impressions of the village this way: "It is as if a smoky avenue of Amsterdam has been placed in the middle of the mountains behind frontier-style building facades. ... Nimbin is a strange place indeed." Nimbin has been described in literature and mainstream media as 'the drug capital of Australia', 'a social experiment', and 'an escapist sub-culture'. Nimbin has become an icon in Australian cultural history, with many of the values first introduced there by the countercult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macquaria
''Macquaria'' is a genus of medium-sized, predatory temperate perches endemism, endemic to Australia. They are found in rivers of the eastern part of the continent. Species The currently recognized species in this genus are: * ''Macquaria ambigua'' (John Richardson (naturalist), J. Richardson, 1845), commonly known as golden perch or "yellowbelly" * ''Macquaria australasica'' (Georges Cuvier, G. Cuvier, 1830), commonly known as Macquarie perch One fossil species is known in †''Macquaria avus'' (Arthur Smith Woodward, Woodward, 1902) (=''Ctenolates avus'' Woodward, 1902) from Miocene-aged freshwater deposits near Nimbin, New South Wales, Nimbin. Many fossil remains assigned to this genus are known from the Eocene to the Miocene of Australia. However, it is uncertain whether they belong to this genus or to ''Percalates'' (formerly subsumed within it). Taxonomy Previously, the two catadromous species ''Macquaria colonorum'' and ''Macquaria novemaculeata, M. novemaculeata'' were al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percomorpha
Percomorpha () is an extremely large and diverse clade of ray-finned fish. With more than 17,000 known species (including Scombroidei, tuna, Syngnathiformes, seahorses, gobies, Cichlidae, cichlids, flatfish, Labridae, wrasse, Perciformes, perches, Lophiiformes, anglerfish, and Tetraodontiformes, pufferfish) known from both marine and freshwater ecosystems, it is the most speciose clade of extant Vertebrate, vertebrates. Evolution Percomorpha are the most biodiversity, diverse group of teleost fish today. Teleosts, and percomorphs in particular, thrived during the Cenozoic Era (geology), era. Fossil evidence shows that there was a major increase in size and abundance of teleosts immediately after the mass extinction event at the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary ago. The oldest known percomorph fossils are of the early Tetraodontiformes, tetraodontiforms ''Protriacanthus'' and Cretatriacanthidae from the Santonian to Campanian of Italy and Slov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centrarchiformes
Centrarchiformes is an order of ray-finned fish, previously included amongst the perciformes. Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2023). FishBase. Centrarchiformes. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1517557 on 2023-11-12 The order Centrarchiformes is not recognized in the 5th Edition (2016) of ''Fishes of the World'', but is accepted on the World Register of Marine Species in November 2023, Fishbase, and ''Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes''. Many centrarchiforms look essentially perch-like, featuring a stocky build and a spine-bearing dorsal fin, and range in size from in length (for '' Elassoma gilberti),'' to for the '' Maccullochella peelii.'' The earliest fossils of this group are of '' Percichthys'' from the Early Paleocene of Bolivia, although this status is tentative. If these remains are not of a percichthyid, then the earliest known centrarchiform fossils are of oplegnathids from the Early Eo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow consist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach to taxonomy adopted by most biological fields. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or Extant taxon, extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed ''monophyletic'' (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming Taxon, taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not Monophyly, monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms that the molecul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percalatidae
''Percalates'' (from '' Perca'' + ''Lates'') is a genus of ray-finned fish native to both estuarine and freshwater habitats of southeastern Australia. They are the only members of the suborder Percalatoidei, and of their own undescribed family ('Percalatidae'). Description It contains two species, both of which were previously placed in the temperate perch genus ''Macquaria''. However, more recent phylogenetic studies have found these two species to be the most basal members of the order Centrarchiformes, and thus more distantly related to the temperate perches than previously thought. The following species are known: * '' Percalates colonorum'' ( Günther, 1863) - estuary perch * ''Percalates novemaculeatus'' ( Steindachner, 1866) - Australian bass Well-preserved fossil specimens of the species †'' Percalates antiquus'' Hills, 1934 (=''Macquaria antiquua'') have been recovered from the Early Eocene-aged Redbank Plains Formation of Queensland, Australia. Partial fossil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypy
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. Theoretical implications Monotypic taxa present several important theoretical challenges in biological classification. One key issue is known as "Gregg's Paradox": if a single species is the only member of multiple hierarchical levels (for example, being the only species in its genus, which is the only genus in its family), then each level needs a distinct definition to maintain logical structure. Otherwise, the different taxonomic ranks become effectively identical, which creates problems for organizing biological diversity in a hierarchical system. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macquaria Novemaculeata
The Australian bass (''Percalates novemaculeata'') is a small-to-medium-sized species of primarily freshwater fish, freshwater (but catadromous, estuarine spawning) ray-finned fish found in coastal rivers and streams along the eastern states of Australia, east coast of Australia. A member of the genus ''Percalates'' from the order Centrarchiformes, the Australian bass is an important member of the native fish assemblages found in east coast river systems. It is a native predatory fishHarris JH (1985a). Diet of Australian bass, ''Macquaria novemaculeata'' (Perciformes: Percichthyidae) in the Sydney Basin. ''Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research'' 36: 219–234. and an extremely popular game fish species among angling, anglers.Bethune J (1993). 'Bethune on Bass'. Simon & Schuster Australia, East Roseville, NSW, Australia. 93 pages.Lewers D (1995). 'Fabulous bass and how to catch them'. Horwitz, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. 192 pages. The species was simply called per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macquaria Colonorum
The estuary perch (''Percalates colonorum'') is a species of ray-finned fish endemic to south-eastern Australia, where it prefers brackish waters such as the tidal reaches of coastal lakes, rivers, and streams. Appearance It is very similar to and very closely related to its sister species, the Australian bass, ''Percalates novemaculeata'', differing in having a slightly more "scooped" forehead and reaching a larger length of . The species also differ in that Australian bass generally inhabit freshwater reaches during the non-spawning months, while estuary perch generally inhabit reaches subject to some tidal movement. Most individuals only reach around . The greatest recorded weight for a specimen of this species is , there is very little evidence for this, most people assume it was a typo i.e. it was 10 lb and not 10 kg. Reproduction Estuary perch breed in winter at the same time as Australian bass, and are similarly sexually dimorphic, with females larger than male ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catadromous
Fish migration is animal migration, mass relocation by fish from one area or body of water to another. Many types of fish migrate on a regular basis, on time scales ranging from daily to annually or longer, and over distances ranging from a few metres to thousands of kilometres. Such migrations are usually done for better feeding or to reproduce, but in other cases the reasons are unclear. Fish migrations involve movements of school of fish, schools of fish on a scale and duration larger than those arising during normal daily activities. Some particular types of migration are ''anadromous'', in which adult fish live in the sea and migrate into fresh water to spawn (biology), spawn; and ''catadromous'', in which adult fish live in fresh water and migrate into salt water to spawn. Marine forage fish often make large migrations between their spawning, feeding and nursery grounds. Their movements are associated with ocean currents and with the availability of food in different area ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
