|
Machiavellianism
Machiavellianism may refer to: *Machiavellianism (politics), the political philosophy of Niccolò Machiavelli, usually associated with various forms of political realism. *Machiavellianism (psychology), a scale in personality psychology that measures one's cold affect and manipulative orientation. ** Machiavellianism in the workplace ** Studies in Machiavellianism- 1970 psychology book by Richard Christie and Florence Geis See also * The Machiavellian Moment, book by John G. A. Pocock- an analysis of Machiavelli's influence after his death. *Machiavellian intelligence hypothesis In primatology, the Machiavellian intelligence or social brain hypothesis describes the capacity of primates to manoeuvre in complex social groups. The first introduction of this concept came from Frans de Waal's book ''Chimpanzee Politics'' (19 ..., concept in primatology that deals with a primate's ability to be in a successful social engagement with other groups * Machiavellian (horse), 1987� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machiavellianism (psychology)
In the field of personality psychology, Machiavellianism (sometimes abbreviated as MACH) is the name of a personality trait construct characterized by manipulativeness, indifference to morality, lack of empathy, and a calculated focus on self-interest. Psychologists Richard Christie and Florence L. Geis created the construct and named it after Niccolò Machiavelli, as they devised a set of truncated and edited statements similar to his writing tone to study variations in human behaviors. Apart from this, the construct has no relation to the historical figure outside of bearing his name. Their '' Mach IV'' test, a 20-question, Likert-scale personality survey, became the standard self-assessment tool and scale of the Machiavellianism construct. Those who score high on the scale (High Machs) are more likely to have a high level of deceitfulness, exploitativeness and a cold, unemotional temperament. It is one of the dark triad traits, along with the subclinical versions of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machiavellianism In The Workplace
Machiavellianism in the workplace is a concept studied by many organizational psychologists. Conceptualized originally by Richard Christie and Florence Geis, Machiavellianism in psychology refers to a personality trait construct based on a cold, callous and exploitative orientation. It has been adapted and applied to the context of the workplace and organizations by psychology academics. Oliver James wrote on the effects of Machiavellianism and other dark triad personality traits in the workplace, the others being narcissism and psychopathy. Characteristics Research has identified several characteristic unethical behaviors that commonly manifest in those who score high in Machiavellianism, including engaging in theft, practicing deception and dishonesty, deliberately sabotaging others' work, and participating in various forms of cheating to gain advantages. High Machs can exhibit high levels of charisma, and their leadership can be beneficial in some areas. The presence of Mach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Studies In Machiavellianism
Studies in Machiavellianism is a book published in 1970 by psychologists Richard Christie and Florence L. Geis. It is a collection of 38 studies into the interpersonal personality variable that they dubbed ''Machiavellianism''. It is the first book on the subject, the first use of the word "Machiavellianism" as the name of a personality variable, and would launch an entire field of study. Overview In the aftermath of World War II, psychologist Richard Christie set out to study the thought processes and actions of those who manipulated others, such as political ideologues and religious extremists. He found that there was many studies on those who followed the organizations and movements, but the only literature on those who actually led them were psychiatric in nature. Starting from the basics, Christie hypothesized that a "manipulator" or "operator" would possess the following characteristics: *A relative lack of affect in interpersonal relationships *A lack of concern for conventi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machiavellianism (politics)
Machiavellianism (or Machiavellism) is widely defined as the political philosophy of the Italian Renaissance diplomat Niccolò Machiavelli, usually associated with Realism (international relations), realism in foreign policy, foreign and domestic politics, and with the view that those who lead governments must prioritize the stability of the regime over ethical concerns. There is no scholarly consensus as to the precise nature of Machiavelli's philosophy, or what his intentions were with his works. The word ''Machiavellianism'' first appeared in the English language in 1607, due to Machiavelli's popularity, often as a byword for unsavory government politics. Overview ''The Prince'' After his exile from political life in 1512, Machiavelli took to a life of writing, which led to the publishing of his most famous work, ''The Prince''. The book would become infamous for its recommendations for absolute rulers to be ready to act in unscrupulous ways, such as resorting to fraud and Trea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machiavellian Intelligence Hypothesis
In primatology, the Machiavellian intelligence or social brain hypothesis describes the capacity of primates to manoeuvre in complex social groups. The first introduction of this concept came from Frans de Waal's book ''Chimpanzee Politics'' (1982). In the book de Waal notes that chimpanzees performed certain social maneuvering behaviors that he thought of as being "Machiavellian". This hypothesis posits that large brains and distinctive cognitive abilities of primates have evolved via intense social competition in which social competitors developed increasingly sophisticated strategies as a means to achieve higher social and reproductive success. Overview Origin of the term The term "Machiavellian intelligence" originates from the primatologist Frans de Waal, who noted that the behaviors of primates was so elaborate that it could perhaps be compared to political behavior today. Primatologists Nicholas Humphrey, Andrew Whiten and Richard Byrne were instrumental in develop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Realism
Realism, in international relations theory, is a theoretical framework that views world politics as an enduring competition among self-interested states vying for power and positioning within an anarchic global system devoid of a centralized authority. It centers on states as rational primary actors navigating a system shaped by power politics, national interest, and a pursuit of security and self-preservation. Realism involves the strategic use of military force and alliances to boost global influence while maintaining a balance of power. War is seen as inevitably inherent in the anarchic conditions of world politics. Realism also emphasizes the complex dynamics of the security dilemma, where actions taken for security reasons can unintentionally lead to tensions between states. Unlike idealism or liberalism, realism underscores the competitive and conflictual nature of global politics. In contrast to liberalism, which champions cooperation, realism asserts that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Machiavellian Moment
''The Machiavellian Moment'' is a work of intellectual history by J. G. A. Pocock (Princeton University Press, 1975). It posits a connection between republican thought in early 16th century Florence, English-Civil War Britain, and the American Revolution. A " Machiavellian moment" is that moment when a new republic first confronts the problem of maintaining the stability of its ideals and institutions. Machiavellian thought was a response to a series of crises facing early 16th century Florence in which a seemingly virtuous state was on the cusp of destruction. In response, Machiavelli sought to revive classical republican ideals. Works like ''The Prince'' and those of some pre-English Civil War thinkers and a group of American Revolutionary personalities all faced similar such moments and offered related sets of answers. In 2004, Pocock disclosed that, during the writing of both ''The Machiavellian Moment'' and '' The Foundations of Modern Political Thought'' by Quentin Skinner, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John G
John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John * Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John People * John the Baptist (died ), regarded as a prophet and the forerunner of Jesus Christ * John the Apostle (died ), one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ * John the Evangelist, assigned author of the Fourth Gospel, once identified with the Apostle * John of Patmos, also known as John the Divine or John the Revelator, the author of the Book of Revelation, once identified with the Apostle * John the Presbyter, a figure either identified with or distinguished from the Apostle, the Evangelist and John of Patmos Other people with the given name Religious figures * John, father of Andrew the Apostle and Saint Peter * Pope John ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
