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Macedonians In Albania
The Macedonians in Albania ( mk, Македонци во Албанија, Makedonci vo Albanija; sq, Maqedonasit në Shqipëri) are an officially recognized ethnic minority. According to the 2011 census, 5,512 ethnic Macedonians live in Albania. In the 1989 census, 4,697 people had declared themselves Macedonian. In some circumstances, ethnic identity can be fluid among Albania's Slavophonic population, who may identify as Macedonian or Bulgarian, depending on the circumstances. Albanian Slavs are targeted by "Bulgarian cross-border nationalism" and, as an EU member, Bulgaria offers more benefits to this minority than Macedonia does. According to Edmond Temelko, former mayor of the Pustec Municipality, " ..Bulgaria uses heavy economic situation of Macedonians in Albania to offer them Bulgarian citizenship, passports and employment opportunity". The condition of the Macedonian population living in the Prespa area is described in positive terms and particular praise is given s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kukës
Kukës ( sq-definite, Kukësi) is a city in the Republic of Albania. The city is the capital of the surrounding municipality of Kukës and county of Kukës, one of 12 constituent counties of the republic. It spans and had a total population of 16,719 people as of 2011. Geologically, the terrain of the surrounding area is dominated by mountainous and high terrain. The city sprawls across the Luma Plain within the Albanian Alps between the banks of Lake Fierza and the hills of the northernmost Korab Mountains and westernmost Shar Mountains. At the confluence of the Black and White Drin, the Drin River originates close to the city's territory. History Early Development Kukës traces its history back over a thousand years. The region that nowadays corresponds to the city territory was inhabited by several ancient Illyrian tribes, as most of Albania. Numerous tombs from the Illyrians have been identified at Këneta and Kolsh nearby the city. The residential estate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomasz Kamusella
Tomasz Kamusella FRHistS (born 24 December 1967) is a Polish scholar pursuing interdisciplinary research in language politics, nationalism and ethnicity. Education Kamusella was educated at the University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Philology in Sosnowiec Campus (English language), Poland; Potchefstroom University (now part of the North-West University), Potchefstroom, South Africa; and the Central European University (co-accredited then by the Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom), Prague Campus, Czech Republic. He obtained his doctor degree in political science from the Institute of Western Affairs (Instytut Zachodni), Poznań, Poland and habilitation in Cultural Studies from the Warsaw School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland. Academic career From 1994 to 1995, he taught in the Language Teachers' Training College (''Nauczycielskie Kolegium Języków Obcych''), Opole, Poland, and between 1995 and 2007 at the University of Opole, Opole, Pola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbianisation
Serbianisation or Serbianization, also known as Serbification, and Serbisation or Serbization ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", srbizacija, србизација or sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=none, separator=" / ", posrbljavanje, посрбљавање; sq, serbizimi; bg, сърбизация, translit=sarbizatsiya or ; mk, србизација, translit=srbizacija; ro, serbificare) is the spread of Serbian culture, people, and language, either by social integration or by cultural or forced assimilation. Medieval period Populated by Bulgarians and Romanians, the area between the Morava and Timok rivers became part of the Serbian state in 1291/1292 which began the Serbianisation of the region. "An important Romanian concentration existed in the region between the Timok and Morava Rivers.... This region was taken by Serbia in 1291 or 1292 from two Cuman chiefs, Darman and Kudelin, that were first under Hungarian vassalage. Only then did the Serbianization of this region previously ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarians In Albania
Ethnic Bulgarians in present-day Albania live mostly in the areas of Mala Prespa, Gollobordë and Gora. According to the Bulgarian State Agency for Bulgarians Abroad, 40,000 to 50,000 persons of Bulgarian origin are living in Albania. Ethnic identity can be fluid among the Albania's Slavophonic population, who might identify as Albanian, Bulgarian or Macedonian, depending on the circumstances.INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR MINORITY STUDIES AND INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS (IMIR)ALBANIA:LANDMARKS OF TRANSITION Valeri Grigorov p.18 Between 2001 and 2016, around 4,470 Albanian nationals applied for a Bulgarian citizenship and over 2,600 of them were granted one. The Bulgarian minority was recognized by the Albanian government in October 2017. History Middle Ages and Ottoman period The first reference to a Slavic presence in Albania dates to 548, when the Slavs reached Epidamnos (Durrës), capturing fortresses in the city's vicinity. Slavic settlement near Epirus in southern Albania is me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanian-Bulgarian Protocol (1932)
The Albanian-Bulgarian Protocol was a bilateral document signed in Sofia on January 9, 1932, between the Albanian Kingdom and the Kingdom of Bulgaria, concerning mutual protection for each other's minority populations. However the protocol was never ratified by Albania, and tensions over the minority issue had returned by 1933.Milo, Paskal. “Albania and the Balkan Entente.” Balkan Studies 39, no. 1 (1998): 91–122 p. 110./ref> History After the establishment of diplomatic relations between both countries in 1922, the major problem in their relations, was that Albanian authorities did not recognize the status of the Bulgarian minority in Albania. This recognition would involve Albania deeper in the conflict between Sofia and Belgrade on the Macedonian Slavs. In Albanian Macedonia, due to the bulgarophile sentiments of the locals, the pro-Bulgarian, paramilitary Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization had its bases, from where it launched a terrorist attacks into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mala Prespa
Mala Prespa ( Macedonian and bg, Мала Преспа, ) is a term used to denote a geographical area in eastern Albania, part of the wider region of Prespa. It is located on the western shore of Lake Prespa along the southeastern edge of Albania within the wider Korçë County and bordering the Pogradec and Devoll municipalities. The area is synonymous with Pustec Municipality. It is officially recognised as a Macedonian minority zone. According to the 2011 Census, in Albania there are about 5,000 Macedonians, primarily in the Mala Prespa area, forming 97% of the population of the Pustec Municipality. This area also contains small numbers of Aromanians (''Arvanito-Vlachs'') and Bulgarians.Mediapool.bg 14.10.2017Албания призна българското национално малцинство./ref> See also *Macedonians in Albania *Bulgarians in Albania *Gollobordë Gollobordë ( sq-definite, Golloborda, bg, Голо Бърдо/Golo Bărdo, mk, Голо Бр� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gollobordë
Gollobordë ( sq-definite, Golloborda, bg, Голо Бърдо/Golo Bărdo, mk, Голо Брдо/Golo Brdo) refers to a geographical area of traditionally 24 villages of which 18 are situated primarily in eastern Albania, with a small portion consisting of six villages lying within North Macedonia. This region is located within the Dibër and Elbasan counties which contain both Macedonian and Albanian villages. This region, like neighboring regions, has historically been economically linked to the city of Debar, which was traditionally referred to by inhabitants as simply "the City". History Ottoman period The Islamization process is held to have occurred in Golloborda relatively late in Ottoman times.Toncheva, Veselka (2013). "The Slavonic Community from the Golo Bardo Region, Republic of Albania: Traditions, Music, Identity". ''Our Europe. Ethnography – Ethnology – Anthropology of Culture''. Volume 2. Pages 40–42 In 1519, the region was still entirely Christian. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific Ocean, Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in Genocides in history (World War I through World War II), genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the Spanish flu, 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising French Third Republic, France, Russia, and British Empire, Britain) and the Triple A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars refers to a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan States in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan States of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgaria declared war upon the Ottoman Empire and defeated it, in the process stripping the Ottomans of its European provinces, leaving only Eastern Thrace under the Ottoman Empire's control. In the Second Balkan War, Bulgaria fought against the other four original combatants of the first war. It also faced an attack from Romania from the north. The Ottoman Empire lost the bulk of its territory in Europe. Although not involved as a combatant, Austria-Hungary became relatively weaker as a much enlarged Serbia pushed for union of the South Slavic peoples. The war set the stage for the Balkan crisis of 1914 and thus served as a "prelude to the First World War". By the early 20th century, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia had achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire, but large elem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition
The ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is a 29-volume reference work, an edition of the '' Encyclopædia Britannica''. It was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time. This edition of the encyclopaedia, containing 40,000 entries, has entered the public domain and is easily available on the Internet. Its use in modern scholarship and as a reliable source has been deemed problematic due to the outdated nature of some of its content. Modern scholars have deemed some articles as cultural artifacts of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Background The 1911 eleventh edition was assembled with the management of American publisher Horace Everett Hooper. Hugh Chisholm, who had edited the previous edition, was appointed editor in chief, with Walter Alison Phillips as his principal assistant editor. Originally, Hooper bought the rights ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macedonian Alliance For European Integration
The Macedonian Alliance for European Integration (Macedonian Party) ( mk, Македонска Алијанса за Европска Интеграција sq, Aleanca Maqedonase për Integrimin Europian) is a political party of the ethnic Macedonians in Albania. It was established on 30 October 2004 under the name ''Macedonian Alliance for European Integration'' and was registered as a political party on 8 June 2005. The first president of the party was Edmond Temelko, who was the mayor of the Pustec Municipality from 2007 until 2019. It first succeeded in electing an ethnic Macedonian to parliament in 2019, Vasil Sterjovski. Sterjovski himself was elected as the president of the party in September 2019. The party does not support the claims that a Bulgarian minority exists in Albania. First Party Congress The party's first congress was held on 25 April 2009 in Tirana, the capital city of Albania. At the congress the party delegates made several major decisions: *the statute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasil Sterjovski
Vasil (Bulgarian language, Bulgarian and Macedonian language, Macedonian: Васил, Georgian language, Georgian: ვასილ) is a Bulgarian, Macedonian and Georgian masculine given name. It may refer to: *Vasil Adzhalarski, Bulgarian revolutionary, an IMARO leader of revolutionary bands *Vasil Amashukeli (1886–1977), early Georgian film director & cinematographer in Azerbaijan and Georgia *Vasil Angelov (1882–1953), Bulgarian military officer and a revolutionary, a worker of IMARO *Vasil Aprilov (1789–1847), Bulgarian educator *Vasil Barnovi (1856–1934), Georgian writer popular for his historical novels *Vasil Biľak (born 1917), former Slovak Communist leader of Rusyn origin *Vasil Binev (born 1957), Bulgarian actor *Vasil Boev (born 1988), Bulgarian footballer *Vasil Bollano, the ethnic Greek mayor of Himara municipality, in southwest Albania *Vasil Bozhikov (born 1988), Bulgarian football defender *Vasil Bykaŭ (1924–2003), prolific Belarusian author of novels an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
