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MSU Faculty Of Mechanics And Mathematics
The MSU Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics () is a faculty of Moscow State University. History Although lectures in mathematics had been delivered since Moscow State University was founded in 1755, the mathematical and physical department was founded only in 1804. The Mathematics and Mechanics Department was founded on 1 May 1933 and comprised mathematics, mechanics and astronomy departments (the latter passed to the Physics Department in 1956). In 1953 the department moved to a new building on the Sparrow Hills and the current division in mathematics and mechanics branches was settled. In 1970, the Department of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics broke off the department due to the research in computer science. A 2014 article entitled "Math as a tool of anti-semitism" in '' The Mathematics Enthusiast'' discussed antisemitism in the Moscow State University’s Department of Mathematics during the 1970s and 1980s. Current state Today the Department comprises 26 chairs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fields Medal
The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two, three, or four mathematicians under 40 years of age at the International Congress of Mathematicians, International Congress of the International Mathematical Union (IMU), a meeting that takes place every four years. The name of the award honours the Canadian mathematician John Charles Fields. The Fields Medal is regarded as one of the highest honors a mathematician can receive, and has been list of prizes known as the Nobel or the highest honors of a field, described as the Nobel Prize of Mathematics, although there are several major differences, including frequency of award, number of awards, age limits, monetary value, and award criteria. According to the annual Academic Excellence Survey by Academic Ranking of World Universities, ARWU, the Fields Medal is consistently regarded as the top award in the field of mathematics worldwide, and in another reputation survey conducted by IREG Observatory on Academic Ranking and Excellence, IR ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Kolmogorov
Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov ( rus, Андре́й Никола́евич Колмого́ров, p=ɐnˈdrʲej nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ kəlmɐˈɡorəf, a=Ru-Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov.ogg, 25 April 1903 – 20 October 1987) was a Soviet mathematician who played a central role in the creation of modern probability theory. He also contributed to the mathematics of topology, intuitionistic logic, turbulence, classical mechanics, algorithmic information theory and Analysis of algorithms, computational complexity. Biography Early life Andrey Kolmogorov was born in Tambov, about 500 kilometers southeast of Moscow, in 1903. His unmarried mother, Maria Yakovlevna Kolmogorova, died giving birth to him. Andrey was raised by two of his aunts in Tunoshna (near Yaroslavl) at the estate of his grandfather, a well-to-do Russian nobility, nobleman. Little is known about Andrey's father. He was supposedly named Nikolai Matveyevich Katayev and had been an Agronomy, agronomist. Katayev ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Control Theorist
Control theory is a field of control engineering and applied mathematics that deals with the control of dynamical systems in engineered processes and machines. The objective is to develop a model or algorithm governing the application of system inputs to drive the system to a desired state, while minimizing any ''delay'', ''overshoot'', or ''steady-state error'' and ensuring a level of control stability; often with the aim to achieve a degree of optimality. To do this, a controller with the requisite corrective behavior is required. This controller monitors the controlled process variable (PV), and compares it with the reference or set point (SP). The difference between actual and desired value of the process variable, called the ''error'' signal, or SP-PV error, is applied as feedback to generate a control action to bring the controlled process variable to the same value as the set point. Other aspects which are also studied are controllability and observability. Control the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faina Mihajlovna Kirillova
Faina Mihajlovna Kirillova (29 September 1931 – 29 September 2024) was a Belarusian scientist in the field of mathematical theory of optimal control. She was the winner of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize (1986) "for the development and implementation of multi-purpose software tools for engineering calculations." Early life and education Faina Mihajlovna Kirillova was born in Zuyevka, Kirov Oblast on 29 September 1931. SKirillova received her master's degree from the Ural State University in 1954 and her PhD from Moscow State University in 1961. She was the first woman mathematician in Belarus to receive the Doctor of Science degree from the Saint Petersburg State University in 1968. From 1954 to 1962 she was an assistant senior researcher, and from 1962 to 1967 a senior researcher at the Ural State Technical University. From 1968 to 1969 she held the position of senior researcher, from 1970 to 2008 she was the head of the laboratory (later Department) of the theory of con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanya Khovanova
Tanya Khovanova (, also spelled Tatyana Hovanova; born 25 January 1959) is a Soviet-American mathematician who became the second female gold medalist at the International Mathematical Olympiads. She is a lecturer in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Education As a high school student, Khovanova became a member of the Soviet team for the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). In the summer of 1975, Valery Senderov gave the team a list of difficult mathematical problems used in the entrance exams of Moscow State University to discriminate against Soviet Jews, a topic she later wrote about. Khovanova won the silver medal at the 1975 IMO, and a gold medal at the 1976 Olympiad. Her finish at the 1976 Olympiad was second among all competitors, the highest achievement for female students until 1984, when Karin Gröger from East Germany tied for the first place. Khovanova graduated with honors from Moscow State University (MSU) with a master's degree in ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mstislav Keldysh
Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh (; – 24 June 1978) was a Soviet mathematician who worked as an engineer in the Soviet space program. He was the academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1946), President of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1961–1975), three-time Hero of Socialist Labour (1956, 1961, 1971), and fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1968). He was one of the key figures behind the Soviet space program. Among scientific circles of the USSR Keldysh was known by the epithet "the Chief Theoretician" in analogy with epithet "the Chief Designer" used for Sergei Korolev. Family Keldysh was born to a professional family of Russian nobility. His grandfather, Mikhail Fomich Keldysh (1839–1920), was a military physician, who retired with the military rank of General. Keldysh's grandmother, Natalia Keldysh (née Brusilova), was a cousin of general Aleksei Brusilov. Keldysh's maternal grandfather, Alexander Nikolayevich Skvortsov, wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatole Katok
Anatoly Borisovich Katok (; August 9, 1944 – April 30, 2018) was an American mathematician with Russian-Jewish origins. Katok was the director of the Center for Dynamics and Geometry at the Pennsylvania State University. His field of research was the theory of dynamical systems. Early life and education Anatole Katok graduated from Moscow State University, from which he received his master's degree in 1965 and PhD in 1968 (with a thesis on "Applications of the Method of Approximation of Dynamical Systems by Periodic Transformations to Ergodic Theory" under Yakov Sinai). In 1978 he immigrated to the USA. He was married to the mathematician Svetlana Katok, who also works on dynamical systems and has been involved with Katok in the MASS Program for undergraduate students at Penn State. Work and research While in graduate school, Katok (together with A. Stepin) developed a theory of periodic approximations of measure-preserving transformations commonly known as Katok—Stepi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gu Chaohao
Gu Chaohao (; May 15, 1926 – June 24, 2012) was a Chinese mathematician. He graduated from National Chekiang University (Zhejiang University) in 1948, and received a doctorate in physics and mathematical science from Moscow University in 1959. He was primarily engaged in research on partial differential equations, differential geometry, solitons, and mathematical physics. He served as vice president of Fudan University and from 1988 to 1993 as president of the University of Science and Technology of China. In 1980, he was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS; ) is the national academy for natural sciences and the highest consultancy for science and technology of the People's Republic of China. It is the world's largest research organization, with 106 research i .... He received the Highest Science and Technology Award in 2009. Works * Gu Chaohao, Hu H, Zhou Xixiang:Darboux Transformations in Integrable Systems 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Ginzburg
Victor Ginzburg (born 1957) is a Russian American mathematician who works in representation theory and in noncommutative geometry. He is known for his contributions to geometric representation theory, especially, for his works on representations of quantum groups and Hecke algebras, and on the geometric Langlands program (Satake equivalence of categories). He is currently a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Chicago. Career Ginzburg received his Ph.D. at Moscow State University in 1985, under the direction of Alexandre Kirillov and Israel Gelfand. Ginzburg wrote a textbook ''Representation theory and complex geometry'' with Neil Chriss on geometric representation theory. A paper by Alexander Beilinson, Ginzburg, and Wolfgang Soergel introduced the concept of Koszul duality (cf. Koszul algebra) and the technique of "mixed categories" to representation theory. Furthermore, Ginzburg and Mikhail Kapranov developed Koszul duality theory for operads. In noncommutative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Gelfand
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gelfand (; born 25 October 1963) is a Russian Bioinformaticist and molecular biologist. He is a member of Academia Europaea, Vice President Biomedical Research of Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, one of the founder of Dissernet plagiarism fighting society and a political activist, former member of Russian Opposition Coordination Council. He is a grandson of a prominent Soviet mathematician Israel Gelfand. Some works by Mikhail Gelfand * Gelfand M. S. Statistical analysis of mammalian pre-mRNA splicing sites // Nucleic Acids Research. 1989. V. 17. N. 15. 6369–6382. * Gelfand M. S. Computer prediction of the exon-intron structure of mammalian pre-mRNAs // Nucleic Acids Research. 1990. Y. 18. N. 19. P. 5865–5869. * Gelfand M. S. Statistical analysis and prediction of the exonic structure of human genes // Journal of Molecular Evolution. 1992. Y. 35. N. 2. P. 239–252. * Gelfand M. S. Genetic language: metaphore or analogy // BioSystems. 199 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel Gelfand
Israel Moiseevich Gelfand, also written Israïl Moyseyovich Gel'fand, or Izrail M. Gelfand (, , ; – 5 October 2009) was a prominent Soviet and American mathematician, one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century, biologist, teacher and organizer of mathematical education. He made significant contributions to many branches of mathematics, including group theory, representation theory and functional analysis. The recipient of many awards, including the Order of Lenin and the first Wolf Prize, he was a Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society and professor at Moscow State University and, after immigrating to the United States shortly before his 76th birthday, at Rutgers University. Gelfand is also a 1994 MacArthur Fellow. His legacy continues through his students, who include Endre Szemerédi, Alexandre Kirillov, Edward Frenkel, Joseph Bernstein, David Kazhdan, as well as his own son, Sergei Gelfand. Early years A native of Kherson Governorate, Russian Empire (now, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
