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MMS-class Minesweeper
The British Royal Navy operated large numbers of small Motor Minesweepers (MMS) during the Second World War, in two major classes: the first with hulls (of which 294 were built) and the second with hulls (of which 102 were built). Intended to counter magnetic influence mines in coastal waters, they had wooden hulls. 105 ft MMS In the early months of the Second World War, Germany made extensive use of magnetic mines, which led to a requirement for a wooden minesweeper, less vulnerable than steel trawlers. The resultant design, the 105 ft-class (also known as the ''MMS 1'' series and later the Type 1501 series) was built between 1940 and 1944. They were long between perpendiculars, with an overall length of , a beam of and a draught of . Displacement was . They were powered by a diesel engine, giving a speed of . Their major minesweeping equipment was the LL sweep, where two minesweepers operating side-by-side each trailed two buoyant cables with electrodes at the en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Free Belgian Forces
The Free Belgian forces (, ) were soldiers from Belgium and its colonies who fought as part of the Allied armies during World War II, after the official Belgian surrender to Nazi Germany. It is distinct from the Belgian Resistance which existed in German-occupied Belgium. In 1940, Belgian pre-war émigrés and former soldiers who had escaped occupied Belgium were formed into units within the British military which later fought in the European and Mediterranean Theatres. These included an infantry formation, which later became the '' Brigade Piron'', as well as Commando and paratroop units. Belgians also served in the Royal Air Force and Royal Navy, serving in Belgian-only units as well as in majority-British units. Significant numbers of soldiers from the Belgian Congo fought on the Allied side against the Italians in East Africa. After the liberation of Belgium in September 1944, the Free Belgian forces formed the foundations of the new Belgian army. Background Belgian i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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RNVR
The Royal Naval Reserve (RNR) is one of the two Volunteer Reserves (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve forces of the Royal Navy in the United Kingdom. Together with the Royal Marines Reserve, they form the Maritime Reserve (United Kingdom), Maritime Reserve. The present RNR was formed by merging the original Royal Naval Reserve, created in 1859, and the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR), created in 1903. The Royal Naval Reserve has seen action in World War I, World War II, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), War in Afghanistan. History Establishment The Royal Naval Reserve (RNR) has its origins in the Register of Seamen, established in 1835 to identify men for naval service in the event of war, although just 400 volunteered for duty in the Crimean War in 1854 out of 250,000 on the Register. This led to a Royal Commission on Manning the Navy in 1858 and 1859, which in turn led to the Naval Reserve Act 1859. This established the RNR as a reserve of pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Mine Warfare Vessel Classes
Mine, mines, miners or mining may refer to: Extraction or digging *Miner, a person engaged in mining or digging *Mining, extraction of mineral resources from the ground through a mine Grammar *Mine, a first-person English possessive pronoun Military * Mining (military), digging under a fortified military position to penetrate its defenses * Mine warfare ** Anti-tank mine, a land mine made for use against armored vehicles ** Antipersonnel mine, a land mine targeting people walking around, either with explosives or poison gas ** Bangalore mine, colloquial name for the Bangalore torpedo, a man-portable explosive device for clearing a path through wire obstacles and land mines ** Cluster bomb, an aerial bomb which releases many small submunitions, which often act as mines ** Land mine, explosive mines placed under or on the ground ** Naval mine, or sea mine, a mine at sea, either floating or on the sea bed, often dropped via parachute from aircraft, or otherwise lain by surface sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Royal Norwegian Navy
The Royal Norwegian Navy () is the branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces responsible for navy, naval operations of Norway, including those of the Norwegian Coast Guard. , the Royal Norwegian Navy consists of approximately 3,700 personnel (9,450 in mobilized state, 32,000 when fully mobilized) and 70 vessels, including 4 heavy frigates, 6 submarines, 14 patrol boats, 4 Minesweeper (ship), minesweepers, 4 minehunters, 1 mine detection vessel, 4 support vessels and 2 training vessels. This navy has a history dating back to 955. From 1509 to 1814, it formed part of the navy of history of the Danish navy, Denmark-Norway, also referred to as the "Common Fleet". Since 1814, the Royal Norwegian Navy has again existed as a separate navy. In Norwegian, all its naval vessels since 1946 bear the ship prefix ''KNM'', which stands for "Kongelige Norske Marine" (which translates to "Royal Norwegian Navy"); in English, these vessels are identified by the prefix ''HNoMS'', meaning "His/Her Norweg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Danlayer
A danlayer was a type of vessel assigned to minesweeping flotillas during and immediately after World War II. They were usually small trawlers, fitted for the purpose of laying dans. A dan is a marker buoy which consists of a long pole moored to the seabed and fitted to float vertically, usually with a coded flag at the top. Dan laying was an important part of minesweeping, and boats were fitted specifically for this purpose. The task of a danlayer was to follow the minesweepers as they worked an area, and lay the dans which defined the area swept and made it obvious where the clear channels were. This would also help the minesweepers cover areas accurately without gaps and unnecessary overlaps.McDougall RJ, ''New Zealand Naval Vessels'', p. 55. Wellington, NZ: Government Printing Office, 1989. A danlayer worked with a minesweeper flotilla when large areas of sea were to be swept. List of danlayers Germany Since Germany had been an exponent of mine warfare since the 1920s, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region of Labrador, having a total size of . As of 2025 the population of Newfoundland and Labrador was estimated to be 545,579. The island of Newfoundland (and its smaller neighbouring islands) is home to around 94 per cent of the province's population, with more than half residing in the Avalon Peninsula. Labrador has a land border with both the province of Quebec, as well as a short border with the territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island. The French overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon lies about west of the Burin Peninsula. According to the 2016 census, 97.0% of residents reported English as their native language, making Newfoundland and Labrador Canada's most linguistically homogeneous province. Much of the population is descended from English and Irish settlers, with the majority ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Soviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval warfare Military, uniform service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy made up a large part of the Soviet Union's strategic planning in the event of a conflict with the opposing superpower, the United States, during the Cold War (1945–1991). The Soviet Navy played a large role during the Cold War, either confronting the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in western Europe or power projection to maintain its Warsaw Pact, sphere of influence in eastern Europe. The Soviet Navy was divided into four major fleets: the Soviet Northern Fleet, Northern, Pacific Fleet (Russia), Pacific, Black Sea Fleet, Black Sea, and Baltic Fleet, Baltic Fleets, in addition to the Leningrad Naval Base, which was commanded separately. It also had a smaller force, the Caspian Flotilla, which operated in the Caspian Sea and was followed by a larger fleet, the 5th Operational Squadron, 5th Squadron, in the Mediterranean Sea. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Lend-Lease
Lend-Lease, formally the Lend-Lease Act and introduced as An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States (),3,000 Hurricanes and >4,000 other aircraft) * 28 naval vessels: ** 1 Battleship. (HMS Royal Sovereign (05), HMS Royal Sovereign) ** 9 Destroyers. ** 4 Submarines. ** 5 Motor mine-sweepers. ** 9 Mine-sweeping trawlers. * 5,218 tanks (including 1,388 Valentines from Canada) * >5,000 anti-tank guns ** 1,000 PIAT, P.I.A.T's ** 636 2-pounder gun, 2-Pdr's ** 96 6-pounder gun, 6-Pdr's ** 3,200 Boys anti-tank rifle, Boys anti-tank rifles * 4,020 ambulances and trucks * 323 machinery trucks (mobile vehicle workshops equipped with generators and all the welding and power tools required to perform heavy servicing) * 1,212 Universal Carriers and Loyd Carriers (with another 1,348 from Canada) * 1,721 motorcycles * £1.15bn ($1.55bn) worth of aircraft engines * 1,474 radar sets * 4,338 radio sets * 600 naval radar and sonar sets * Hundreds of naval guns * 15 million pairs of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Royal Hellenic Navy
The Hellenic Navy (HN; , abbreviated ΠΝ) is the naval force of Greece, part of the Hellenic Armed Forces. The modern Greek navy historically hails from the naval forces of various Aegean Islands, which fought in the Greek War of Independence. The Hellenic Navy formed during the Hellenic Period ruled by monarchy (1833–1924 and 1936–1973) that has been recognized as the Royal Hellenic Navy (, , abbreviated ΒΝ). The Hellenic Navy is a Green-water navy. The total displacement of the fleet is approximately 150,000 tons. The HN also operates a number of naval aviation units. The motto of the Hellenic Navy is "Μέγα τὸ τῆς θαλάσσης κράτος" from Thucydides' account of Pericles' oration on the eve of the Peloponnesian War. At the Perseus Project. This has been translated as "The rule of the sea is a great matter". The Hellenic Navy's emblem consists of an anchor in front of a crossed Christian cross and trident, with the cross symbolizing Greek Orthodoxy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Italian Navy
The Italian Navy (; abbreviated as MM) is one of the four branches of Italian Armed Forces and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the ''Regia Marina'' (Royal Navy) after World War II. , the Italian Navy had a strength of 30,923 active personnel, with approximately 184 vessels in service, including minor auxiliary vessels. It is considered a multiregional and a blue-water navy. History Before and during World War II The ''Regia Marina'' was formed on 17 March 1861, after the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy. The Italian Navy assumed its present name after the Italian monarchy was abolished following a popular referendum held on 2 June 1946. After World War II At the end of its five years involvement in World War II, Italy was a devastated nation. After the end of hostilities, the ''Regia Marina'' – which at the beginning of the war was the fourth largest navy in the world, with a mix of modernised and new battleships – started a long and complex rebuilding proce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Royal Netherlands Navy
The Royal Netherlands Navy (, ) is the Navy, maritime service branch of the Netherlands Armed Forces. It traces its history to 8 January 1488, making it the List of navies, third-oldest navy in the world. During the 17th and early 18th centuries, the Dutch States Navy was one of the most powerful navies in the world and played an active role in the Anglo-Dutch Wars, Franco-Dutch War, Nine Years' War and War of the Spanish Succession. However, by the late 18th century it had declined through neglect and was no longer a match for either the Royal Navy, British or French Navy, French navies. The Batavian Navy and navy of the Kingdom of Holland played an active role in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, though both were repeatedly yoked to French interests. Officially formed in 1813 after the Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands was established, the Royal Netherlands Navy played an important role in protecting the Dutch East Indies, and would play a minor role ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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French Navy
The French Navy (, , ), informally (, ), is the Navy, maritime arm of the French Armed Forces and one of the four military service branches of History of France, France. It is among the largest and most powerful List of navies, naval forces in the world recognised as being a blue-water navy. The French Navy is capable of operating globally and conducting expeditionary missions, maintaining a significant Standing French Navy Deployments, overseas presence. The French Navy is one of eight naval forces currently operating Fixed-wing aircraft, fixed-wing aircraft carriers,Along with the United States Navy, U.S., Royal Navy, U.K., People's Liberation Army Navy, China, Russian Navy, Russia, Italian Navy, Italy, Indian Navy, India, and Spanish Navy, Spain with its flagship being the only Nuclear marine propulsion, nuclear-powered aircraft carrier outside the United States Navy, and one of two non-American vessels to use Aircraft catapult, catapults to launch aircraft. Founded in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |