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MARPAT Woodland Pattern
MARPAT (short for Marine pattern) is a multi-scale camouflage pattern in use with the United States Marine Corps, designed in 2001 and introduced from late 2002 to early 2005 with the Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform (MCCUU), which replaced the Camouflage Utility Uniform. Its design and concept are based on the Canadian CADPAT pattern. The pattern is formed of small rectangular pixels of color. In theory, it is a far more effective camouflage than standard uniform patterns because it mimics the dappled textures and rough boundaries found in natural settings. It is also known as the "digital pattern" or "digi-cammies" because of its micropattern (pixels) rather than the old macropattern (big blobs). The United States government has patented MARPAT, including specifics of its manufacture. By regulation, the pattern and items incorporating it, such as the MCCUU and ILBE backpack, are to be supplied by authorized manufacturers only and are not for general commercial sale, althou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Camouflage
Military camouflage is the use of camouflage by an Military, armed force to protect personnel and equipment from observation by enemy forces. In practice, this means applying colour and materials to military equipment of all kinds, including vehicles, ships, aircraft, gun positions and battledress, either to conceal it from observation (crypsis), or to make it appear as something else (mimicry). The French slang word ''wikt:camouflage, camouflage'' came into common English usage during World War I when the concept of visual deception developed into an essential part of modern military tactics. In that war, long-range artillery and observation from the air combined to expand the field of fire, and camouflage was widely used to decrease the danger of being targeted or enable surprise. As such, military camouflage is a form of military deception in addition to cultural functions such as political identification. Camouflage was first practiced in simple form in the mid 18th centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swatch Of Woodland MARPAT With No Black Pixels, Used For Sewing Nametapes
Swatch is a Swiss watch company founded in 1983 by Ernst Thomke, Elmar Mock, and Jacques Müller. It is a subsidiary of The Swatch Group. The Swatch product line was developed as a response to the "quartz crisis" of the 1970s and 1980s, in which inexpensive, battery-powered, quartz-regulated watches were competing against more established European watchmakers focused on artisanal craftsmanship producing mostly mechanical watches. The name Swatch is a contraction of "second watch," its concept of "low-cost, high-tech, artistic and emotional" watches marketed as casual, disposable accessories. History Swatch began development in the early 1980s under the leadership of the then ETA SA's CEO Ernst Thomke with a small team of watch engineers led by Elmar Mock and Jacques Müller. Conceived as a standard timekeeper in plastic, Franz Sprecher, a marketing consultant hired by Thomke to give the project an outsider's consideration, sought to create a fashionable line of watches. Sw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ILBE
The improved load-bearing equipment (ILBE) is a United States Marine Corps program that had included individual load carriage equipment, individual hydration systems, and individual water purification. Since the rucksack was the first component of the program to be issued to Marines, the rucksack is commonly referred to as simply the ILBE. The ILBE rucksack was designed to replace the long existing all-purpose lightweight individual carrying equipment (ALICE) packs and newer modular lightweight load-carrying equipment (MOLLE) packs. Development On August 14, 2002, the US Marine Corps presented a Commercial Area Announcement (CAA), soliciting designs for an Improved Load Bearing Equipment (ILBE) system. The Marine Corps Systems Command (MCSC) determined the top two designs of those submitted from the commercial vendors were those of Bianchi ( Gregory) and Propper International (Arc'teryx). Arc'teryx's design weighed and carried 5,000 cubic inches, while the Gregory design wei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling disclosure of the invention."A patent is not the grant of a right to make or use or sell. It does not, directly or indirectly, imply any such right. It grants only the right to exclude others. The supposition that a right to make is created by the patent grant is obviously inconsistent with the established distinctions between generic and specific patents, and with the well-known fact that a very considerable portion of the patents granted are in a field covered by a former relatively generic or basic patent, are tributary to such earlier patent, and cannot be practiced unless by license thereunder." – ''Herman v. Youngstown Car Mfg. Co.'', 191 F. 579, 584–85, 112 CCA 185 (6th Cir. 1911) In most countries, patent rights fall under private la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CADPAT
The Canadian Disruptive Pattern (CADPAT; ) is the computer-generated digital camouflage pattern developed for use by the Canadian Armed Forces. Four operational variations of CADPAT have been used by the Canadian Armed Forces: a temperate woodland pattern, an arid regions pattern, a winter operations pattern, and a multi-terrain pattern. CADPAT was the first digital camouflage pattern to be used operationally, having been issued in 1997 with the Canadian Armed Forces. The pattern became fully standardized within the Canadian Armed Forces by 2002, having completely replaced the olive-drab operational uniforms formerly used by Regular Force units. Development of the multi-terrain CADPAT variant began in 2019 and is being issued to replace temperate woodland and arid CADPAT variants. History Canada's desire for a new soldier system dated back to November 1988 and closely followed efforts in many NATO countries. The first research effort, called Integrated Protective Clothing and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Dress Uniform
The Battle Dress Uniform (BDU) is a camouflaged combat uniform that was used by the United States Armed Forces as their standard combat uniform from the early 1980s to the mid-2000s. Since then, it has been replaced or supplanted in every branch of the U.S. Armed Forces. BDU-style uniforms and derivatives still see widespread use in other countries (some of them being former U.S. surplus stocks transferred under U.S. security assistance programs), while others are still worn by some U.S. federal, state, and local law enforcement in the United States, law enforcement agents who may work in tactical situations, such as the Drug Enforcement Administration#Special Response Teams, DEA RRT and SWAT teams. The uniforms are also used by urban search and rescue groups such as FEMA Urban Search and Rescue Task Force, FEMA USAR task force teams and firefighting agencies when conducting technical rescues or other special operations. As late as 2014, BDUs were worn by officers of the Unit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform
The Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform (MCCUU) is the current battledress, battledress uniform of the United States Marine Corps. It is also worn by United States Navy, Navy personnel (mostly United States Navy Hospital Corpsman, corpsmen, Seabees, United States Navy Chaplain Corps, chaplains, and Religious program specialist, their bodyguards) assigned to Marine Corps units (e.g. the Fleet Marine Force). It replaced the Battle Dress Uniform, which the Marine Corps had shared with the Navy, United States Army, Army and United States Air Force, Air Force. However, both the MCCUU, and its distinctive camouflage pattern, MARPAT, are exclusive to the Marine Corps, which holds the patents to their design. The uniform is available in two color schemes, woodland and desert. The MCCUU should not be confused with the similar looking Flame Resistant Organizational Gear, FROG uniform. Development Field testing of the MCCUU began in early 2001 and was officially announced to the public in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multi-scale Camouflage
Multi-scale camouflage is a type of military camouflage combining patterns at two or more scales, often (though not necessarily) with a digital camouflage pattern created with computer assistance. The function is to provide camouflage over a range of distances, or equivalently over a scale invariance, range of scales (scale-invariant camouflage), in the manner of fractals, so some approaches are called fractal camouflage. Not all multiscale patterns are composed of Pixelation, rectangular pixels, even if they were designed using a computer. Further, not all pixellated patterns work at different scales, so being pixellated or digital does not of itself guarantee improved performance. The first standardized pattern to be issued was the single-scale Italian ''telo mimetico''. The root of the modern multi-scale camouflage patterns can be traced back to 1930s experiments in Europe for the Wehrmacht, German and Red Army, Soviet armies. This was followed by the Canadian development of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Design And Colors
A design is the concept or proposal for an object, process, or system. The word ''design'' refers to something that is or has been intentionally created by a thinking agent, and is sometimes used to refer to the inherent nature of something – its design. The verb ''to design'' expresses the process of developing a design. In some cases, the direct construction of an object without an explicit prior plan may also be considered to be a design (such as in arts and crafts). A design is expected to have a purpose within a specific context, typically aiming to satisfy certain goals and constraints while taking into account aesthetic, functional and experiential considerations. Traditional examples of designs are architectural and engineering drawings, circuit diagrams, sewing patterns, and less tangible artefacts such as business process models.Dictionary meanings in the /dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/design Cambridge Dictionary of American English at /www.diction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timothy O'Neill (camoufleur)
Timothy R. O'Neill (1943 – November 9, 2023) was a U.S. Army officer, professor and camouflage expert, who in 1976 invented Dual-Tex, the first pattern of what would later be called digital camouflage. He has been called "father of digital camouflage". O'Neill wrote two works of fiction. In 1979 he published '' The Individuated Hobbit: Jung, Tolkien, and the Archetypes of Middle-Earth''. Biography Timothy O'Neill was educated at The Citadel, Charleston, gaining a bachelor's degree in political science; the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, studying MACT and experimental psychology; and after joining the army, the University of Virginia, where he gained his PhD in Experimental Psychology with a concentration in visual biophysics, writing his dissertation on "visual attraction of Blumian symmetry axes of visual forms". He served in the U. S. Army for 25 years from 1966. He served initially as a commander of tank and armoured cavalry units. He gained a doctorate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran And The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine
Iran has supported Russia both diplomatically and militarily since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. It has voted against United Nations resolutions condemning Russia and has regularly delivered loitering munitions, chiefly the Shahed 131 and Shahed 136, to the Russian military. Several countries have accused Iran of violating United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231, which was adopted with full support of the sitting members in July 2015 and seeks to inspect the Iranian nuclear program in preparation for ending United Nations sanctions against Iran. Additionally, Ukraine and the United States, among others, have stated that Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) has had a presence in Russian-occupied Crimea for the purpose of operating Shahed drones in attacks against Ukrainian cities. Some of these IRGC personnel have reportedly been killed by Ukrainian military strikes against Russian-occupied territory; the Iranian involve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
