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M23 Campaign (2022–present)
The M23 campaign is an ongoing series of Offensive (military), military offensives launched by the March 23 Movement (M23), a Rwandan-backed rebel paramilitary group in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, since March 2022. In November 2021, M23 first launched attacks against the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congolese military (FARDC) and MONUSCO, seizing military positions in Ndiza, Cyanzu, and Runyoni in North Kivu, North Kivu Province. This coincided with the deployment of Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) to the region to combat the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), a Ugandan rebel group operating in the Congo's North Kivu and Ituri Province, Ituri provinces. The conflict escalated between March and June 2022, as M23 overran key areas in Rutshuru Territory, including the strategic border town of Bunagana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bunagana, forcing Congolese soldiers to flee into Uganda. Uganda alleged that Rwanda orchestrated the offensi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kivu Conflict
The Kivu conflict is an umbrella term for a series of protracted armed conflicts in the North Kivu and South Kivu provinces in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo which have occurred since the end of the Second Congo War. Including neighboring Ituri province, there are more than 120 different armed groups active in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Currently, some of the most active rebel groups include the Allied Democratic Forces, the Cooperative for the Development of the Congo, the March 23 Movement, and many local Mai Mai militias. In addition to armed groups and the governmental FARDC troops, a number of national, regional and international forces have intervened militarily in the conflict, including the United Nations force known as MONUSCO, the militaries of Uganda and Burundi, and an East African Community regional force. Conflict began in 2004 in the eastern Congo as an armed conflict between the military of the Democratic Republic of the Cong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M23 Logo
M, or m, is the thirteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of several western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''em'' (pronounced ), plural ''ems''. History The letter M is derived from the Phoenician Mem via the Greek Mu (Μ, μ). Semitic Mem is most likely derived from a " Proto-Sinaitic" (Bronze Age) adoption of the "water" ideogram in Egyptian writing. The Egyptian sign had the acrophonic value , from the Egyptian word for "water", ''nt''; the adoption as the Semitic letter for was presumably also on acrophonic grounds, from the Semitic word for "water", '' *mā(y)-''. Use in writing systems English In English, represents the voiced bilabial nasal . The Oxford English Dictionary (first edition) says that is sometimes a vowel, such as in words like ''spasm'' and in the suffix ''-ism''. In modern terminology, this is described as a syllabic consonant (IPA: ). M is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nduma Defense Of Congo-Renovated
Nduma Defense of Congo—Renovated () is a Congolese rebel group operating in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is a splinter faction of the Nduma Defense of Congo (NDC) and controls large parts of the North Kivu province, and has been a major participant of the Kivu conflict since its split from the NDC in 2014. History Creation and split from the NDC In September 2014, Guidon split from Nduma Defense of Congo (NDC) and created a rival faction called the NDC–Rénové along with other NDC commanders, in particular the movement’s head of intelligence, Gilbert Bwira Chuo, who became his deputy. Its creation was due to internal disagreements over the sharing of revenues and leadership in the original group of the NDC. Sheka who was the leader at the time of the NDC kept annoying his associates over his alleged tendency to take sole credit for their exploits and over the uneven sharing of funds. This along with his tendency to not pay his soldiers led a lot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wazalendo
The Wazalendo ( Swahili; or 'nationalists') is a Congolese rebel coalition and irregular force based in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is made up of rebel groups allied with the official Congolese military (FARDC) and opposed to the M23 rebel group. It consists of the Alliance of Patriots for a Free and Sovereign Congo (APCLS), Nduma Defense of Congo-Renovated (NDC-R), the Collective of Movements for Change (CMC), Patriotic Self-Defense Movement (MPA), and different Nyatura groups. History In November 2022, President Félix Tshisekedi Félix Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo (; born 13 June 1963) is a Congolese politician who has served as the fifth president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, since 2019. He was the leader of the Union for Democracy and Social Progress (Demo ... called for the formation of "vigilance groups against the expansionist ambitions" of the M23. The response was increased recruitment for the official FARDC military forces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Forces For The Liberation Of Rwanda
The Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (, FDLR; , IDKR) is an armed rebel group active in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. As an ethnic Hutu group opposed to the ethnic Tutsi influence, the FDLR is one of the last factions of Rwandan rebels active in the Congo. It was founded through an amalgamation of other groups of Rwandan refugees in September 2000, including the former Army for the Liberation of Rwanda (ALiR), under the leadership of Paul Rwarakabije. It was active during the latter phases of the Second Congo War and the subsequent insurgencies in Kivu. As of December 2009, Major General Sylvestre Mudacumura was the FDLR's overall military commander. He was the former deputy commander of the FAR Presidential Guard in Rwanda in 1994.Hans Romkena, De VennhooOpportunities and Constraints for the Disarmament and Repatriation of Foreign Armed Groups in the DRC Multi Country Demobilization and Recovery Program, April 2007, report on FDLR described as ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SADC Mission In The Democratic Republic Of Congo
The Southern African Development Community (SADC) Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (SAMIDRC) was an active regional peacekeeping mission operated by the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Operation Thiba includes soldiers from South Africa, Tanzania and Malawi. They will replace the United Nations Force Intervention Brigade in the DRC for 25 years as well as a recent East African Community deployment. Tanzania and Malawi have committed 2,100 troops to the mission. South Africa has committed 2,900 troops to the mission, of the country's 38,572 active army personnel. Based on South African Army The South African Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of South Africa, a part of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), along with the South African Air Force, South African Navy and South African Military Health Servi ... standard operating procedures, if 2,900 South African troops are in act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East African Community
The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organisation in East Africa. The EAC's membership consists of eight states: Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Federal Republic of Somalia, the Republics of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Uganda, and Tanzania. William Ruto, the president of Kenya, is the current EAC chairman. The organisation was founded in 1967, collapsed in 1977, and was revived on 7 July 2000. The main objective of the EAC is to foster regional economic integration. In 2008, after negotiations with the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the EAC agreed to an expanded free trade area including the member states of all three organisations. The EAC is an integral part of the African Economic Community. The EAC is a potential precursor to the establishment of the East African Federation, a proposed federation of its members into a single sovereign state. In 2010, the EAC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
24 Digital
24 Digital HD () is an Urdu language current affairs news television channel based in Lahore, Pakistan, and launched in 2015.PEMRA urged to remove ban on 24 News HD The News International, Published 4 July 2020, Retrieved 9 November 2021 The channel is owned by Mohsin Naqvi who is the founder of City News Group. History 24 News was founded as a current affairs-focused channel in 2015 by Mohsin Naqvi. The channel introduced a new format focusing ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MONUSCO
The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, or MONUSCO (an acronym based on its French name ), is a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. A planned withdrawal from the country is currently on indefinite hold due to advances by the armed group M23 in the North and South Kivu provinces. MONUSCO was established by the United Nations Security Council in resolutions 1279 (1999) and 1291 (2000) to monitor the peace process of the Second Congo War, though much of its focus subsequently turned to the Ituri conflict, the Kivu conflict and the Dongo conflict. The mission was known as the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo or MONUC, an acronym of its French name ''Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies en République démocratique du Congo'', until 2010. The following nations (in alphabetical order) have contributed with military personnel: Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyatura
The Nyatura (Kinyarwanda for “those who hit hard”), also known as Mai-Mai Nyatura, and officially called the Collective of Movements for Change, are a group of Congolese Hutu militias that operate in the Kivu region of the Congo. History The Nyatura were first formed in 2010. Rather than being organized as a single group, they are a group of armed factions that often cooperate with other anti- Rwandan and anti- M23 elements in the region throughout the Kivu conflict The Kivu conflict is an umbrella term for a series of protracted armed conflicts in the North Kivu and South Kivu provinces in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo which have occurred since the end of the Second Congo War. Including .... By late 2017, around 15 separate Nyatura factions were reported to be active, some part of coalitions with other armed groups, and some independent. Like many militias in the Kivu region, they have been employed by the Congolese military to fight against other an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and international security, security, to develop friendly Diplomacy, relations among State (polity), states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals. The United Nations headquarters is located in New York City, with several other offices located in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and The Hague. The UN comprises six principal organizations: the United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council, Security Council, the United Nations Economic and Social Council, Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice, the United Nations Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
