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Lyncestis
Lynkestis, Lyncestis, Lyngistis, Lynkos or Lyncus ( grc, Λυγκηστίς or Λύγκος la, Lyncestis or ''Lyncus'') was a region and principality traditionally located in Upper Macedonia. It was the northernmost mountainous region of Upper Macedonia, located east of the Prespa Lakes. In its earlier history, Lynkestis was an independent polity ruled by a local dynasty which claimed descent from Bacchiadae, a Greek aristocratic family from ancient Corinth. They were ruled by a basileus, as the rest of the tribes in Lower and Upper Macedonia. The few existing primary sources show that it maintained connections with the Illyrians and was frequently in hostilities with the Argeads. The inhabitants of Lynkestis were known as Lyncestae or Lynkestai (Λυγκῆσται). Hecataeus (6th century BC) included them among the Molossians. Thucydides (5th century BC) considered them Macedonians. Later ancient sources considered them Illyrians. Modern scholars regard them as Macedonian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Lyncestis
The Battle of Lyncestis/Lyncus took place in 423 BC between the allied forces of the Lyncestians and Illyrians against those of the Spartans and Macedonians. The battle was part of the wider Peloponnesian Wars. Before Athens suffered defeat at Delium in 424 BC, Sparta had sent an expedition under Brasidas to assist Perdiccas II of Macedonia and other opponents of Athens. At first Sparta avoided involvement in Macedon's war with Arrhabaeus, but in 423 BC they joined an expedition which ended with retreat by the Macedonians and a brilliantly contrived escape of the Spartans. After the initial joint Illyrian and Lyncestian attack was repulsed, they pursued the Macedonians and blocked Brasidas' route at a pass, forcing his army up the surrounding hill and into Macedonia. This brought to a head the quarrel between Brasidas and Perdiccas. Prelude Arrhabaeus, the rebellious king of Lyncestis (also Lyncus), was subject to Perdiccas, whom Perdiccas at the time wanted to subordinate to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heraclea Lyncestis
Heraclea Lyncestis, also transliterated Herakleia Lynkestis ( grc, Ἡράκλεια Λυγκηστίς; la, Heraclea Lyncestis; mk, Хераклеја Линкестис), was an ancient Greek city in Macedon, ruled later by the Romans. Its ruins are situated south of the present-day town of Bitola, North Macedonia. In the early Christian period, Heraclea was an important Episcopal seat and a waypoint on the Via Egnatia that once linked Byzantium with Rome through the Adriatic seaport Dyrrachium. Some of its bishops are mentioned in synods in Serdica and other nearby towns. The city was gradually abandoned in the 6th century AD following an earthquake and Slavic invasions. Foundation by Philip II It was founded by Philip II of Macedon in the middle of the 4th century BC. The city was named in honor of the mythological hero Heracles. The name ''Lynkestis'' originates from the name of the ancient kingdom, conquered by Philip, where the city was built. Heraclea was a strate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perdiccas II
Perdiccas II ( gr, Περδίκκας, Perdíkkas) was a king of Macedonia from c. 448 BC to c. 413 BC. During the Peloponnesian War, he frequently switched sides between Sparta and Athens. Family Perdiccas II was the son of Alexander I, he had four brothers, Alcetas II, Philip, Menelaus and Amyntas, and a sister, Stratonice. Alcetas II preceded him on the throne until his murder at the hands of Perdiccas' son Archelaus I resulted in Perdiccas' elevation. Philip was the father of king Amyntas II, while Amyntas' grandson was king Amyntas III. Around 429 - 428 BC, Perdiccas arranged the marriage of his sister Stratonice to Seuthes II of Thrace. Perdiccas II first married a woman called Symache or Simiche. While some consider her a woman of unknown lineage, she was probably part of the Macedonian nobility, other sources call her a slave. By her, he had two sons, Archelaus I and Aeropus II. He later married a woman named Cleopatra, by whom he had another son. Cleopatra's son, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brasidas
Brasidas ( el, Βρασίδας, died 422 BC) was the most distinguished Spartan officer during the first decade of the Peloponnesian War who fought in battle of Amphipolis and Pylos. He died during the Second Battle of Amphipolis while winning one of his most spectacular victories. Biography Brasidas was the son of Tellis (Τέλλις) and Argileonis, and won his first laurels by the relief of Methone, which was besieged by the Athenians (431 BC). During the following year he seems to have been eponymous ephor, and in 429 BC he was sent out as one of the three commissioners to advise the admiral Cnemus. As trierarch he distinguished himself in the assault on the Athenian position at the Battle of Pylos, during which he was severely wounded In 424 BC, while Brasidas mustered a force at Corinth for a campaign in Thrace, he frustrated an Athenian attack on Megara. Immediately afterwards he marched through Thessaly at the head of 1,700 hoplites (700 helots and 1000 Peloponne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrhabaeus Of Lynkestis
Arrhabaeus ( el, Ἀρραβαῖος) or ''Arrhibaeus'' may refer to: *Arrhabaeus, the king of Lynkestis, who claimed Corinthian aristocratic ( Bacchiadae) origin.Strabo, ''Geography'', 7.7: "The Lyncestae were under Arrhabaeus, who was of the race of the Bacchiadae." He revolted against his sovereign, king Perdiccas II of Macedon in 424 BC. Brasidas the Spartan helped Perdiccas against Arrhabaeus. *Arrhabaeus, son of Aeropus of Lyncestis, a conspirator against Philip II of Macedon. He was executed, along with his brother Heromenes. His son Amyntas served as cavalry officer of Alexander the Great. *Arrhabaeus, a nobleman from Pelagonia, the father of Menelaus of Pelagonia. References *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (1849, originally published 1844 under a slightly different title) is an encyclopedia/ biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macedon
Macedonia (; grc-gre, Μακεδονία), also called Macedon (), was an Classical antiquity, ancient monarchy, kingdom on the periphery of Archaic Greece, Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The History of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid dynasty, Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasty, Antigonid dynasties. Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula,. and bordered by Epirus (ancient state), Epirus to the west, Paeonia (kingdom), Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Ancient Thessaly, Thessaly to the south. Before the 4th century BC, Macedonia was a small kingdom outside of the area dominated by the great city-states of Athens, Sparta and Thebes, Greece, Thebes, and Achaemenid Macedonia, briefly subordinate to Achaemenid Persia. During the reign of the Argea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Macedonia
Upper Macedonia ( Greek: Ἄνω Μακεδονία, ''Ánō Makedonía'') is a geographical and tribal term to describe the upper/western of the two parts in which, together with Lower Macedonia, the ancient kingdom of Macedon was roughly divided. Upper Macedonia had been dominated by the Illyrians for centuries. It became part of the kingdom of Macedon in the mid-4th century BC. From that date, its inhabitants were politically equal to Lower Macedonians. Upper Macedonia was divided in the regions of Elimeia, Eordaea, Orestis, Lynkestis, Pelagonia, Deuriopus, Tymphaea, and later incorporated Atintania and eastern Dassaretis until Roman intervention.Robin J. Lane Fox (editor), ''Brill's Companion to Ancient Macedon: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC - 300 AD'', 2011, p.95 The middle and southern parts of Upper Macedonia corresponds roughly to the modern Greek region of West Macedonia while the northern part of Upper Macedonia corresponds to the southwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Almopia
Almopia ( el, Αλμωπία), or Enotia, also known in the Middle Ages as Moglena (Greek: Μογλενά, Macedonian and Bulgarian: Меглен or Мъглен), is a municipality and a former province (επαρχία) of the Pella regional unit in Macedonia, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the town Aridaia. The municipality has an area of 985.817 km2. Name and history The name Almopia ( grc, Ἀλμωπία, ''Almōpia'') derives from the Almopes (), a Paeonian tribe that originally inhabited the area before being expelled from the region during the reign of Alexander I (r. 498–454 BC) when Almopia was incorporated into the ancient Macedonian kingdom. The Almopes traced their descent to the eponymous mythological figure of Almops, son of the Greek God Poseidon and Helle. The 2nd-century astronomer and geographer Claudius Ptolemy records three cities in the region in his ''Geography'': Horma (), Europos () and Apsalos (). In the early Byzantine period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelagonia
Pelagonia ( mk, Пелагонија, Pelagonija; el, Πελαγονíα, Pelagonía) is a geographical region of Macedonia named after the ancient kingdom. Ancient Pelagonia roughly corresponded to the present-day municipalities of Bitola, Prilep, Mogila, Novaci, Kruševo, and Krivogaštani in North Macedonia and to the municipalities of Florina, Amyntaio and Prespes in Greece. History In antiquity, Pelagonia was roughly bounded by Paeonia to the north and east, Lynkestis and Almopia to the south and Illyria to the west; and was inhabited by the Pelagones, an ancient Greek tribe of Upper Macedonia, who were centered at the Pelagonian plain and belonged to the Molossian tribal state or '' koinon''. The region was annexed to the Macedonian kingdom during the 4th century BC and became one of its administrative provinces. In medieval times, when the names of Lynkestis and Orestis had become obsolete, Pelagonia acquired a broader meaning. This is why the Battle of Pelagoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prespa Lakes
The Lake Prespa is located on the tripoint of North Macedonia, Albania, and Greece. It is a system of two lakes separated by an isthmus: the Great Prespa Lake, divided between the three countries, and the Little Prespa Lake, mostly within Greece. They are the highest tectonic lakes in the Balkans, standing at an elevation of . The area contains three national parks: Prespa in Albania, Galičica in North Macedonia and Prespa in Greece. The largest town in the region is Resen in North Macedonia. In 2014, the Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Reserve between Albania and North Macedonia was added to UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves. Geography The Great Prespa Lake ( mk, Преспанско Езеро, ''Prespansko Ezero'', sq, Liqeni i Prespës së Madhe, el, Μεγάλη Πρέσπα, ''Megáli Préspa'') has the total surface of . The largest part of it, belongs to North Macedonia; to Albania; and to Greece. To the south, the Little Prespa Lake (Greek: Μικρή Π� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Greek
The Pre-Greek substrate (or Pre-Greek substratum) consists of the unknown pre-Indo-European language(s) spoken in prehistoric Greece before the coming of the Proto-Greek language in the Greek peninsula during the Bronze Age. It is possible that Greek acquired approximately one thousand words and proper names from such a language or group of languages, because some of its vocabulary cannot be satisfactorily explained as deriving from Proto-Greek and a Proto-Indo-European reconstruction is almost certainly impossible for such terms. Introduction Linguistic situation Based upon toponymic and lexical evidence, it is generally assumed that one or several languages were once spoken in both the Greek peninsula and western Asia Minor before Mycenaean Greek and the attested Anatolian languages ( Hittite and Luwian) became predominant in the region. Various explanations for this phenomenon have been given by scholars. One substrate language, whose influence is observable on Ancient Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lynx
A lynx is a type of wild cat. Lynx may also refer to: Astronomy * Lynx (constellation) * Lynx (Chinese astronomy) * Lynx X-ray Observatory, a NASA-funded mission concept for a next-generation X-ray space observatory Places Canada * Lynx, Ontario, an unincorporated place and railway point * Lynx Mountain, in the Canadian Rockies * Lynx Lake (Northwest Territories) * Lynx Formation, a stratigraphical unit in western Canada United States * Lynx, Ohio, a census-designated place * Lynx Lake (Arizona), a reservoir Antarctica * Lynx Rocks, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica Transport Vehicles * Leyland Lynx, a model of single-decker bus produced by British Leyland in the 1980s and 1990s * Mercury Lynx, a model of car * Mitsubishi Lynx, a 1993 Mitsubishi Motors concept car * GWR no. 2109 Lynx, a South Devon Railway Eagle class steam locomotive * ''Lynx'' (tall ship), an interpretation of the 1812 privateer schooner, launched in 2001 * Lynx (snowmobile), a brand of snowmo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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