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Lüne Monastery
Lüne () was a location on the left bank of the lower Elbe, known in connection with the Saxon Wars, Saxon war of 795. It was a village near Lüneburg. The Frankish king Charlemagne, intending to campaign against the Pannonian Avars, Avars, summoned Saxons, Saxon troops. Some Nordalbingia, Transelbean Saxons refused to heed the summons and Charlemagne marched into Saxony, encamping at Lüne while waiting for his Obodrite allies to join him. Some Saxons ambushed the Obodrite king Witzan as he was crossing the Elbe, killing him. A campaign of devastation was then waged against Saxony, culminating in the taking of hostages. This marks the beginning of a new phase in the Saxon wars, marked by economic devastation and deportations. While Charlemagne was still at Lüne, he was visited by envoys of the ''tudun'' of the Avar khaganate. According to the ''Royal Frankish Annals'' for 795: In this year the king came to Kostheim, a suburb of the city of Mainz, and there he held an assembly. Wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elbe
The Elbe ( ; ; or ''Elv''; Upper Sorbian, Upper and , ) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Republic), then Germany and flowing into the North Sea at Cuxhaven, northwest of Hamburg. Its total length is . The Elbe's major Tributary, tributaries include the rivers Vltava, Ohře, Saale, Havel, Mulde, and Schwarze Elster. The Elbe river basin, comprising the Elbe and its tributaries, has a catchment area of , the twelfth largest in Europe. The basin spans four countries; however, it lies almost entirely just in two of them, Germany (65.5%) and the Czech Republic (33.7%, covering about two thirds of the nation's territory). On its southeastern edges, the Elbe river basin also comprises small parts of Austria (0.6%) and Poland (0.2%). The Elbe catchment area is inhabited by 24.4 million people; its biggest cities are Berlin, Hamburg, Prague, Dresden a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tudun
A tudun was a governor resident in a town or other settlement in the ancient Bulgar, Avar or Gokturk empires, particularly those of the Bulgars and the Khazars. The tudun was the personal representative of the imperial government and could function both as an administrator and a diplomat. At times, a tudun would be appointed for a town nominally under another power's control but ''de facto'' within the sphere of influence of the tudun's khagan Khagan or Qaghan (Middle Mongol:; or ''Khagan''; ) or zh, c=大汗, p=Dàhán; ''Khāqān'', alternatively spelled Kağan, Kagan, Khaghan, Kaghan, Khakan, Khakhan, Khaqan, Xagahn, Qaghan, Chagan, Қан, or Kha'an is a title of empire, im .... History of the Turkic peoples Khazar titles Titles of the Göktürks {{CAsia-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Saxony
Old Saxony was the homeland of the Saxons who fought the Frankish empire during the Early Middle Ages, until they conquered it and converted it into a Carolingian stem duchy in the 8th century, the Duchy of Saxony. Contemporary authors such as Bede and the author of the ''Ravenna Cosmography'' used the term "Old Saxons" to distinguish them from the Saxons living in Britain, also known as Anglo-Saxons, who they believed had migrated from Old Saxony. Roman sources as far back as the fourth century had described these continental Saxons, as northern neighbours of the Franks, who lived near the Lower Rhine. They do not appear to have been politically unified, although they sometimes worked together to fight the Franks. Bede described them as ruled by "satraps". Old Saxony, like the later duchy of Saxony, included the inland regions later known as Eastphalia, Westphalia and Angria (or Angaria), between the Rhine and Elbe rivers. They possibly also already lived in Nordalbingia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
790s Conflicts
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79 may refer to: * 79 (number) * one of the years 79 BC, AD 79, 1979, 2079 ** Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79, a catastrophic volcanic eruption in Italy *** '' 79 A.D.'', a 1962 historical epic film about the eruption * Dimension 79⊢⊇V, the main antagonist of ''Rick and Morty'' from a parallel Earth. * 79 Eurynome, a main-belt asteroid See also * * List of highways numbered All lists of highways beginning with a number. {{List of highways numbered index Lists of transport lists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heimrich, Count In The Upper Rheingau
Heimrich (Heimo) (740 – 5 May 795), Count in the Upper Rheingau (Oberrheingau), son of Cancor, Count of Hesbaye, and Angila. Heinrich was also Count of Lahngau, and lay abbot of Mosbach Abbey. Heimrich was a leader in the forces of Charlemagne in his prosecution of the Saxon Wars and was killed in the Battle of Lüne and the Elbe fighting the Obotrite Slavs. Heinrich married Eggiwiz of an unknown family. They had two children: * Heinrich (765–812), Count of Saalgau * Bubo of Grabfeldgau (763–795) Through his son Heinrich, Heimrich was the grandfather of Poppo of Grapfeld, the progenitor of the Popponids The Popponids were a Frankish dynasty flourising in the early 9th century that originated from Grabfeld. They are named after their descent from Poppo of Grapfeld, who in turn descended from the Robertians. The Popponids gradually evolved into th ... ( Elder House of Babenberg). Sources * Reuter, Timothy (trans.), ''The Annals of Fulda, Manchester Medieval series, Nin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hervé Pinoteau
Hervé Pinoteau, 6th Baron Pinoteau (19 July 1927 – 24 November 2020) was a French historian, expert in heraldic research and royalist apologist. He was the author of more than 900 articles and 22 books primarily on history and heraldry. Biography Pinoteau was born in Paris. From 1950 to 1951, he served in the French army as a lieutenant. He served as the private secretary of the late Prince Alphonse, Duke of Anjou, for 26 years. Pinoteau was a member of the Académie Internationale d'Héraldique (International Academy of Heraldry) of which he was general secretary from 1964 to 1988. He was president of the Société nationale des Antiquaires de France in 2010. He was recognized as an expert in French heraldry and vexillology. He was commissioned to create the coat of arms of the Pays de la Loire region of France, and to do the final design for the coat of arms of the Republic of Chad. Pinoteau was a monarchist who believed in the restoration of the House of Bourbon to the Fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annals Of Lorsch
The ''Annales laureshamenses'', also called ''Annals of Lorsch'' (AL), are a set of ''Reichsannalen'' (annals of the Frankish empire) that cover the years from 703 to 803, with a brief prologue. The annals begin where the "Chronica minora" of the Anglo-Saxon historian Bede leaves off—in the fifth year of the Emperor Tiberios III—and may have originally been composed as a continuation of Bede. The annals for the years up to 785 were written at the Abbey of Lorsch (whence the name), but are dependent on earlier sources. Those for the years from 785 onward form an independent source and provide especially important coverage of the imperial coronation of Charlemagne in 800. The ''Annales laureshamenses'' have been translated into English. Manuscript history An eight-leaf copy of the Lorsch annals for 703–803 was produced probably in 835 by a single scribe.Rosamond McKitterick (2004), ''History and Memory in the Carolingian World'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 107 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Frankish Annals
The ''Royal Frankish Annals'' (Latin: ''Annales regni Francorum''), also called the ''Annales Laurissenses maiores'' ('Greater Lorsch Annals'), are a series of annals composed in Latin in Carolingian Francia, recording year-by-year the state of the monarchy from 741 (the death of Charles Martel) to 829 (the beginning of the crisis of Louis the Pious). Their authorship is unknown, though Wilhelm von Giesebrecht suggested that Arno of Salzburg was the author of an early section surviving in the copy at Lorsch Abbey. The Annals are believed to have been composed in successive sections by different authors, and then compiled.Scholz “Introduction” ''Carolingian Chronicles'' p. 5 The depth of knowledge regarding court affairs suggests that the annals were written by persons close to the king, and their initial reluctance to comment on Frankish defeats betrays an official design for use as Carolingian propaganda. Though the information contained within is heavily influenced by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witzan
Witzаn (died in 795 in Liuni) also known by the name ''Witzlаus'' was the prince of the confederation of Obotrites. As an ally of Charlemagne in his war against the Saxons Witzan marched his army against Magdeburg in 782 and destroyed it completely. This provoked war with nearby Slavic nation of Wiltzi (Vеléti). In the war Obotrites allied with Franks, Sоrbs, Frisians fought against Wiltzi and Danes. After restoration of Saxon rebellion Witzan marched again against them and was killed in ambush by Saxons The Saxons, sometimes called the Old Saxons or Continental Saxons, were a Germanic people of early medieval "Old" Saxony () which became a Carolingian " stem duchy" in 804, in what is now northern Germany. Many of their neighbours were, like th ... in Liuni. He had three successors, Thrasco, Slavomir, and Godlav. Bibliography * Labudа G., ''Wican'' :''Słownik Starożytności Słowiańskich'', t. VI, Wrocław 1980, (całość), p. 415 {{DEFAULTSORT:Witzl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saxon Wars
The Saxon Wars were the campaigns and insurrections of the thirty-three years from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804, when the last rebellion of tribesmen was defeated. In all, 18 campaigns were fought, primarily in what is now northern Germany. They resulted in the incorporation of Saxony into the Frankish realm and their forcible conversion from Germanic paganism to Christianity. The Saxons were divided into four subgroups in four regions. Nearest to the ancient Frankish kingdom of Austrasia was Westphalia, and farthest was Eastphalia. In between the two kingdoms was that of Engria (or Engern), and north of the three, at the base of the Jutland peninsula, was Nordalbingia. Despite repeated setbacks, the Saxons resisted steadfastly, returning to raid Charlemagne's domains as soon as he turned his attention elsewhere. Their main leader, Widukind, was a resilient and resourceful opponent, but eventually was defeated and bapti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obodrite
The Obotrites (, ''Abodritorum'', ''Abodritos'') or Obodrites, also spelled Abodrites (), were a confederation of medieval West Slavic tribes within the territory of modern Mecklenburg and Holstein in northern Germany (see Polabian Slavs). For decades, they were allies of Charlemagne in his wars against the Germanic Saxons and the Slavic Veleti. The Obotrites under Prince Thrasco defeated the Saxons in the Battle of Bornhöved (798). The still-Pagan Saxons were dispersed by the emperor, and the part of their former land in Holstein north of Elbe was awarded to the Obotrites in 804, as a reward for their victory. This however was soon reverted through an invasion of the Danes. The Obotrite regnal style was abolished in 1167, when Pribislav was restored to power by Duke Henry the Lion, as Prince of Mecklenburg, thereby founding the Germanized House of Mecklenburg. Obotritic confederation The Bavarian Geographer, an anonymous medieval document compiled in Regensburg in 830, contai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordalbingia
Nordalbingia () (also Northern Albingia) was one of the four administrative regions of the medieval Duchy of Saxony, the others being Angria, Eastphalia, and Westphalia. The region's name is based on the Latin name ''Alba'' for the Elbe River and refers to an area predominantly located north of the Lower Elbe, roughly corresponding with the present-day Holstein region. Situated in what is now Northern Germany, this is the earliest known dominion of the Saxons. Geography According to the 1076 ''Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum'' by chronicler Adam of Bremen, Nordalbingia consisted of three tribal areas ('' Gaue''): *Dithmarschen, stretching along the coast of the North Sea from the mouth of the Elbe River to the Eider River in the north *Holstein proper, situated on the Stör River, a right tributary of the Elbe * Stormarn on the north bank of the Elbe, including the present-day area of Hamburg. The Nordalbingian tribes were allied with the Saxons settling in Land H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
