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Lyssomaninae
Lyssomaninae is a subfamily of jumping spiders. It includes four genera, three from the New World. Description Members of the subfamily Lyssomaninae are mostly green or yellow, and have long legs compared to other salticids. The anterior lateral eyes form a second row behind the anterior median eyes. The male palpal bulb has a membraneous conductor. Taxonomy The subfamily Lyssomaninae, as described in 1976 by María Elena Galiano and in 1980 by Wanless, was agreed by both authors not to be monophyletic, and to consist of three groups. It was formally divided into three subfamilies, Onomastinae, Asemoneinae and Lyssomaninae ''s.s.'', by Wayne Maddison in 2015. He included only two genera, '' Chinoscopus'' and '' Lyssomanes'', although noting that ''Lyssomanes'' might be paraphyletic. Molecular data strongly supported the monophyly of the group defined in this way. In 2016, Maddison described a new genus, '' Sumakuru'', which he placed in Lyssomaninae. Maddison originally kept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asemoneinae
Asemoneinae is a subfamily of jumping spiders (family Salticidae). It was created in 2015 by Wayne Maddison. Most species are found in Africa or Asia. The subfamily initially had five genera, but ''Hindumanes'' was later transferred to the subfamily Lyssomaninae. Description Members of the subfamily Asemoneinae are translucent and long-legged relative to most other jumping spider, salticids. They resemble members of the subfamilies Onomastinae and Lyssomaninae ''sensu'' Madison, 2015. The Glossary of spider terms#eyes, posterior median eyes are unusually central for salticids, being distinctly closer to the midline than is the inner edge of the anterior lateral eyes. Taxonomy In 2015, Wayne Maddison divided the subfamily Lyssomaninae, as Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in 1980 by Wanless, into three subfamilies, Onomastinae, Asemoneinae and Lyssomaninae ''s.s.'' Maddison included five genera. Molecular data united the three sampled genera, ''Asemonea'', ''Goleba'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticidae
Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. , this family contained over 600 species description, described genus, genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiderscomprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best visual perception, vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and Invertebrate trachea, tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the Anatomical terms of location, anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindumanes
''Hindumanes'' is a genus of jumping spiders (family Salticidae) found in India. It was first described by Dmitri Logunov in 2004. The name Hindumanes is a portmanteau of "Hinduism", the dominant religion of India, and Lyssomanes, the genus ''H. karnatakaensis'' was initially assigned to. , two species have been described: *'' Hindumanes karnatakaensis'' (Tikader & Biswas, 1978) *'' Hindumanes wayanadensis'' (Sudhin, Nafin & Sudhikumar, 2017) Taxonomy The exact taxonomy of this genus may not be fully settled as multiple changes have been made in recent years and a genetic analysis has yet to be published. The first discovered species of this genus, ''H.'' ''karnatakaensis'', was initially placed in the ''Lyssomanes'' genus. Due to several distinguishing characteristics of this species, it was later removed from ''Lyssomanes'', and the genus ''Hindumanes'' was created to accommodate it. The genus ''Hindumanes'' was temporarily moved to the subfamily Asemoneinae in 2015 al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jumping Spider
Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. , this family contained over 600 species description, described genus, genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiderscomprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best visual perception, vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and Invertebrate trachea, tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the Anatomical terms of location, anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumakuru
''Sumakuru'' is a genus of jumping spiders in the subfamily Lyssomaninae. It was first described in 2016 by Wayne Maddison. Both males and females are very small compared with other species in Lyssomaninae Lyssomaninae is a subfamily of jumping spiders. It includes four genera, three from the New World. Description Members of the subfamily Lyssomaninae are mostly green or yellow, and have long legs compared to other salticids. The anterior later .... , it contains two species: * '' Sumakuru bigal'' Maddison, 2016 – Ecuador * '' Sumakuru felca'' Galvis, 2017 – Colombia References Salticidae Salticidae genera Spiders of South America {{Salticidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyssomanes
''Lyssomanes'' is a spider genus of the family Salticidae (jumping spiders), ranging from South and Central America, up to the southern United States. There have been described 94 extant and two fossil species from the Neotropical Region. The genera ''Lyssomanes'', '' Chinoscopus'', ''Hindumanes'', and ''Sumakuru'' make up the Lyssomaninae, which is one of the six deeply-diverging subfamilies of jumping spiders. They are long-legged, with translucent bodies frequently green or yellow. They resemble lynx spiders, except that they have large anterior median eyes. Habitat ''Lyssomanes'' are typically found in foliage in mesic habitats. Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: *'' Lyssomanes adisi'' Logunov, 2002 – Brazil *'' Lyssomanes amazonicus'' Peckham, Peckham & Wheeler, 1889 – Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana *'' Lyssomanes anchicaya'' Galiano, 1984 – Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia *'' Lyssomanes antillanus'' Peckham, Peckham & Whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onomastinae
''Onomastus'' is a genus of Asian jumping spiders (family Salticidae) that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900. It is the only genus in the subfamily Onomastinae. Description ''Onomastus'' species are delicate, translucent spiders, with long legs compared to most other members of the family Salticidae. Males have highly complex, species specific palpal bulbs, which suggests rapid divergent evolution. Two clades have been distinguished: in species from Southeast Asia, the palpal bulb has a broad conductor; in those from South Asia it has a medial branch on the median apophysis. Like species of the subfamilies Lyssomaninae and Asemoneinae, the anterior lateral eyes form a separate row from the anterior median eyes. The genus was originally diagnosed on the basis of the arrangement of the eyes. Species of the South Asian clade are considered highly endangered due to habitat loss and climate change. Taxonomy The genus ''Onomastus'' was first described by Eugène Sim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
María Elena Galiano
María Elena Galiano (1928 – October 30, 2000) was an Argentine arachnologist. She was one of the leading taxonomists of Neotropical jumping spiders. Galiano worked at the Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Museum in Buenos Aires. She died in an accident on October 30, 2000. The genera '' Galianora'' and '' Galianoella'' are named in her honor. Taxa described Galiano described numerous species and genera of spiders. She is the authority for the following genera: * ''Admesturius ''Admesturius'' is a genus of South American Salticidae, jumping spiders that was first described by María Elena Galiano in 1988. it contains only three species, found only in Argentina and Chile: ''Admesturius bitaeniatus, A. bitaeniatus'', '' ...'' Galiano, 1988 * '' Hisukattus'' Galiano, 1987 * '' Kalcerrytus'' Galiano, 2000 * '' Nycerella'' Galiano, 1982 * '' Simonurius'' Galiano, 1988 * '' Sumampattus'' Galiano, 1983 * '' Trydarssus'' Galiano, 1995 * '' Wedoquella'' Galiano, 1984 * '' Yep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population), i.e. excludes non-descendants of that common ancestor # the grouping contains all the descendants of that common ancestor, without exception Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic'' grouping meets 1. but not 2., thus consisting of the descendants of a common ancestor, excepting one or more monophyletic subgroups. A ''polyphyletic'' grouping meets neither criterion, and instead serves to characterize convergent relationships of biological features rather than genetic relationships – for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, or aquatic insects. As such, these characteristic features of a polyphyletic grouping are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genera
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus '' Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should clearly demonstrate both monophyly and validity as a separate lineag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palpal Bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification. Structure The palpal bulb of a mature male spider is borne on the last segment of the pedipalp. This segment usually has touch-sensitive hairs (setae) with nerves leading to them. The bulb itself is entirely without nerves, and hence without sensory organs and muscles, since these depend on nerves for their functioning, although some spiders have one or two muscles external to the bulb and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
