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Lysorophia
Lysorophia is an order of fossorial Carboniferous and Permian tetrapods within the Recumbirostra. Lysorophians resembled small snakes, as their bodies are extremely elongate. There is a single family, the Molgophidae (previously known as Lysorophidae). Currently there are around five genera included within Lysorophia, although many may not be valid. Description The skull is heavily built but with large lateral openings to accommodate jaw musculature, with small orbits restricted to the anterior edge of the large fenestrae. The intertemporal, supratemporal, postfrontal, and jugal bones of the skull have disappeared. The mandibles are short and robust with a small number of large triangular teeth. Although it was initially thought that the maxilla and premaxilla were freely movable, detailed anatomical studies show that this is not the case. The braincase is extremely robust, suggesting that lysorophians engaged in headfirst burrowing. The torso is very elongate, the limbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megamolgophis
''Megamolgophis'' is an extinct genus of eel-like tetrapod, possibly belonging to the group Lysorophia. Fossils from this genus have been found in the Allegheny mountains of the eastern United States. The genus is endemic to geological formations of this area, such as the Greene and Washington formations of the Early Permian Dunkard Group, as well as the Pennsylvanian (Late Carboniferous) Conemaugh Group. If correctly assigned to Lysorophia, members of ''Megamolgophis'' would not only be the largest known lysorophians, but also some of the largest lepospondyls in general. In 1952, Alfred Romer suggested that the holotype may have been 1.3 meters (four feet) in length, similar to the length of an average black snake. However, based on the length of the specimen's ribs, Romer also considered it likely that it was much wider and therefore much heavier in life than a black snake, instead being proportionally similar to an eastern diamondback rattlesnake. It is uncertain whether th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleuroptyx
''Pleuroptyx'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric amphibian known from the Late Carboniferous ( Pennsylvanian) of Ohio. The type species is ''Pleuroptyx clavatus''.R. L. Carroll, K. A. Bossy, A. C. Milner, S. M. Andrews, and C. F. Wellstead. 1998. Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie / Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology Teil 1 / Part 1 Lepospondyli: Microsauria, Nectridea, Lysorophia, Adelospondyli, Aistopoda, Acherontiscidae. 1-216. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted g ... References Lysorophians {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lysorophus
''Lysorophus'' is a genus of Lysorophia, extinct Permian Lepospondyl tetrapods. Most of the specimens are found from North America and attributed to the first formally described species ''Lysorophus tricarinatus'' due to the lack of diagnostic characters, but several other species have been described. ''Lysorophus'' were small salamander-like amphibians. They lived in fresh water Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include ..., aestivating in burrows during dry periods.Hembree, D.I. et al., Amphibian burrows and ephemeral ponds of the Lower Permian Speiser Shale, Kansas: evidence for seasonality in the midcontinentPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 203 (2004) p.127-152 References Lysorophians Permian amphibians Permian amphibians of North America Taxa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrapod
Tetrapods (; ) are four-limb (anatomy), limbed vertebrate animals constituting the superclass Tetrapoda (). It includes extant taxon, extant and extinct amphibians, sauropsids (reptiles, including dinosaurs and therefore birds) and synapsids (pelycosaurs, extinct therapsids and all extant mammals). Tetrapods evolved from a clade of primitive semiaquatic animals known as the Tetrapodomorpha which, in turn, evolved from ancient lobe-finned fish (sarcopterygians) around 390 million years ago in the Middle Devonian, Middle Devonian period; their forms were transitional between lobe-finned fishes and true four-limbed tetrapods. Limbed vertebrates (tetrapods in the broad sense of the word) are first known from Middle Devonian trackways, and body fossils became common near the end of the Late Devonian but these were all aquatic. The first crown group, crown-tetrapods (last common ancestors of extant tetrapods capable of terrestrial locomotion) appeared by the very early Mississippian ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagini Mazonense
''Nagini'' (from Sanskrit '' Nāgá'', "snake") is an extinct genus of recumbirostran tetrapods from the middle Carboniferous of the Mazon Creek fossil beds, Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolita ..., United States. The type and only species, ''Nagini mazonense'', was named by Arjan Mann and colleagues in 2022 from two specimens, both of which preserve soft tissue like other fossils from Mazon Creek: MPM VP359229.2 and FMNH PR 1031. It is a member of the Molgophidae, a lineage of amniote-like tetrapods which exhibited a pattern of body elongation and digit reduction on the limbs. ''Nagini'' is the first member of the group that shows the complete loss of the forelimbs and pectoral girdle, but it still has intact hindlimbs; this mirrors the pattern seen in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molgophis
''Molgophis'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric amphibian. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians References *Carroll, R. L. ''et al.'' (1998Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology Part 1 München:Pfeil. * Lysorophians {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachydectes Skull
''Brachydectes'' is an extinct genus of lysorophian amphibian that lived from the Carboniferous. It had a very small head A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may ... (skull length about 1.7 cm) and an elongated body up to 43 cm long.http://www.angellis.net/Web/PDfiles/amphs.pdf References * ''Gaining Ground: The Origin and Early Evolution of Tetrapods'' by Jennifer A. Clack * ''Amniote Origins: Completing the Transition to Land'' by Stuart Sumida and Karen L.M Martin Lysorophians Carboniferous amphibians Permian amphibians Paleozoic amphibians of North America Paleozoic amphibians of Europe Prehistoric amphibian genera {{carboniferous-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachydectes
''Brachydectes'' is an extinct genus of lysorophian amphibian that lived from the Carboniferous. It had a very small head A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may no ... (skull length about 1.7 cm) and an elongated body up to 43 cm long.http://www.angellis.net/Web/PDfiles/amphs.pdf References * ''Gaining Ground: The Origin and Early Evolution of Tetrapods'' by Jennifer A. Clack * ''Amniote Origins: Completing the Transition to Land'' by Stuart Sumida and Karen L.M Martin Lysorophians Carboniferous amphibians Permian amphibians Paleozoic amphibians of North America Paleozoic amphibians of Europe Prehistoric amphibian genera {{carboniferous-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infernovenator
''Infernovenator'' is a genus of Carboniferous lysorophian recumbirostran from the Mazon Creek lagerstätte in Illinois, U.S. It was described in 2019. History of study The holotype, now reposited at the Field Museum The Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), also known as The Field Museum, is a natural history museum in Chicago, Illinois, and is one of the largest such museums in the world. The museum is popular for the size and quality of its educational ..., was previously described by Godfrey (1997) as an aïstopod, ''Phlegethontia longissama''. Redescription of the specimen led to its identification as a new lysorophian taxon. ''Infernovenator'' is represented only by the holotype, a nearly complete skeleton. The genus name is given for the Latin ''infernum'' ("hell") to refer to the fossorial habitats of the taxon and ''venator'' ("hunter"). The species name honors paleontologist Margaret Clair Steen Brough. Anatomy ''Infernovenator'' is diagnosed by a unique c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recumbirostra
Recumbirostra is a clade of tetrapods which lived during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. They are thought to have had a fossorial (burrowing) lifestyle and the group includes both short-bodied and long-bodied snake-like forms. At least one species, the molgophid '' Nagini mazonense,'' lost its forelimbs entirely. It includes the families Pantylidae, Gymnarthridae, Ostodolepidae, Rhynchonkidae and Brachystelechidae, with additional families such as Microbrachidae and Molgophidae being included by some authors. Recumbirostra was erected as a clade in 2007 to include many of the taxa traditionally grouped in " Microsauria", which has since been shown to be a paraphyletic or polyphyletic grouping. Like other "microsaurs", the recumbirostrans have traditionally been considered to be members of the subclass Lepospondyli; however, many phylogenetic analyses conducted since the 2010s have recovered recumbirostrans as basal sauropsid amniotes instead. Not all phylogenetic an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cocytinus
''Cocytinus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric amphibian. This genus was given the name "Cocytinus" by Edward Drinker Cope. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted g ... References Lysorophians Fossil taxa described in 1871 Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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