Lumpen
Lumpen can refer to: * ''Lumpen'' (magazine), an American art and politics magazine * Lumpen journal, A Journal of Poor and Working Class writing * Lumpenproletariat, a term in Marxist sociology * Lumpenbourgeoisie * Swedish slang for military service, adopted by armed forces as a near-formal word * LUMPENS Lumpens () is a South Korean-based video production company formed and led by art director Yong-seok Choi. They consist of a group of directors and producers in the field of video production, specializing mostly in the production of music videos, ...

Lumpenproletariat
In Marxist theory, the ''Lumpenproletariat'' () is the underclass devoid of class consciousness. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels coined the word in the 1840s and used it to refer to the unthinking lower strata of society exploited by reactionary and counter-revolutionary forces, particularly in the context of the revolutions of 1848. They dismissed the revolutionary potential of the ''Lumpenproletariat'' and contrasted it with the proletariat. Among other groups, criminals, vagabonds, and prostitutes are usually included in this category. The Social Democratic Party of Germany made wide use of the term by the turn of the century. Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924) and Leon Trotsky (1879–1940) followed Marx's arguments and dismissed the revolutionary potential of the group, while Mao Zedong (1893–1976) argued that proper leadership could utilize it. The word ''Lumpenproletariat'', popularized in the West by Frantz Fanon's ''The Wretched of the Earth'' in the 1960s, has been adopted as ...
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Lumpenbourgeoisie
Lumpenbourgeoisie is a term used in colonial sociology to describe members of the middle class and upper classWilliam Edwin Segall, ''School Reform in a Global Society', Rowman & Littlefield, 2006, Google Print p.146/ref> (merchants, lawyers, industrialists, etc.) who have little collective self-awareness or economic base and who support the colonial masters. It is often attributed to Andre Gunder Frank in 1972,Kapcia Antoni, Antoni Kapcia, ''Havana: The Making of Cuban Culture'', Berg Publishers, 2005, Google Print, p.15/ref>Hosam Aboul-Ela, ''Other South: Faulkner, Coloniality, and the Mariategui Tradition'', Univ of Pittsburgh Press, 2007, Google Print, p.73/ref> although the term is already present in several texts by Lukács (1943), Koestler (1945), C. Wright Mills (1951) and also in Paul Baran's ''The Political Economy of Growth'' (1957). Nonetheless, the term was popularized by Frank's book ''Lumpenbourgeoisie and Lumpendevelopment: Dependency, Class and Politics in Latin Am ...
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Lumpen Journal
Lumpen can refer to: * ''Lumpen'' (magazine), an American art and politics magazine * Lumpen journal, A Journal of Poor and Working Class writing * Lumpenproletariat, a term in Marxist sociology * Lumpenbourgeoisie * Swedish slang for military service, adopted by armed forces as a near-formal word * LUMPENS Lumpens () is a South Korean-based video production company formed and led by art director Yong-seok Choi. They consist of a group of directors and producers in the field of video production, specializing mostly in the production of music videos, ...

Lumpen (magazine)
''Lumpen'' is an American magazine published since 1991, whose editor-in-chief is Edward Marszewski. The magazine covers topics of local and global politics, art and music and is published in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The magazine is often published under themes such as 'makers' or 'comics'. See also * WLPN-LP WLPN-LP is a low-power radio station in Chicago started by '' Lumpen'' founder Edward Marszewski in 2015 who started a kickstarter Kickstarter is an American public benefit corporation based in Brooklyn, New York, that maintains a global c ... References External links * Back issues 1991 establishments in Illinois Music magazines published in the United States Magazines established in 1991 Magazines published in Chicago {{music-mag-stub ...
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Conscription In Sweden
Sweden has had mandatory military service ( sv, värnplikt) for men since 1901, replacing the previous allotment system that had been in use since the 17th century, although peacetime conscription was deactivated between 2010 and 2017. When peacetime conscription was mothballed in 2010, the law on conscription was simultaneously made gender-neutral. In 2017, the Swedish government decided to reactivate military conscription, referencing increased threats to national security. Beginning in 2018, over 4,000 women and men were called up for service. The conscripts were chosen from a pool of approximately 13,000 young people born in 1999 to serve for 12 months. The Swedish Armed Forces reportedly planned to call 4,000 recruits annually for basic military training in 2018 and 2019. As the relevant age cohort was about 100,000, this meant that roughly 4% were to be enlisted. During the height of the Cold War, about 85% of Swedish men were. In early 2019, after fines had been receive ...
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