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Lucetti Battalion
The ''Lucetti Battalion'' (Italian language, Italian: ''Batttaglione Lucetti'') was an Anarchist brigades in the Italian Resistance, anarchist partisan brigade that operated in the surroundings of Carrara. Anarchist Resistance in Carrara In Lunigiana and in the Carrara area, various libertarian formations operated with a total of about a thousand fighters: in addition to "''Gino Lucetti''" battalion there were the "''Lucetti bis''", the "''Michele Schirru''", the "''Garibaldi Lunense''", the "''Elio Wochiecevich''", the "''Sap Renato Macchiarini''" and the "''Sap-Fai''" groups. This was in contrast to the situation in most parts of Italy, where despite autonomous Anarchism, anarchist formations existing in a not negligible number, the anarchists mostly merged into the Brigate Garibaldi, ''Garibaldi'' assault brigades or in the formations of ''Giustizia e Libertà, Justice and Freedom''. The history and social conditions of Carrara instead created the conditions for the presence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascism
Fascism ( ) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement. It is characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived interest of the nation or Race (human categorization), race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Opposed to communism, democracy, liberalism, Pluralism (political philosophy), pluralism, and socialism, fascism is at the far right of the traditional left–right spectrum.; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Fascism rose to prominence in early-20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements Italian fascism, emerged in Italy during World War I, before Fascism in Europe, spreading to other European countries, most notably Nazi Germany, Germany. Fascism also had adherents outside of Europe. Fascists saw World War I as a revolution that brought massive changes to the nature ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battalions Of World War II
A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of up to one thousand soldiers. A battalion is commanded by a lieutenant colonel and subdivided into several companies, each typically commanded by a major or a captain. The typical battalion is built from three operational companies, one weapons company and one headquarters company. In some countries, battalions are exclusively infantry, while in others battalions are unit-level organizations. The word ''battalion'' has its origins in the Late Latin word ''battalion'', which is derived from ''battalia'', meaning "battle" or "combat." The term was used to describe a large group of soldiers ready for battle. Over time, its meaning evolved in military terminology. The word "battalion" came into the English language in the 16th century from the French , meaning "battle squadron" (similar to the Italian meaning the same thing) and the Spanish , derived from the Vulgar Latin noun ("battle") and ultimately from the Classical La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of Tuscany
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstruction, prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syndicalist Brigade
The Syndicalist Brigade was a military unit composed of activists from the Union of Polish Syndicalists (ZSP) and the Syndicalist Organization "Freedom" (SWO) and some soldiers of the 104th Company of Syndicalists, which was disbanded on September 6, 1944. The branch took part in the Warsaw Uprising in the Śródmieście district. The brigade was operationally subordinate to the Polish People's Army, but belonged to the ''Syndicalist Uprising Agreement''. At the end of the uprising, on October 3, it had 250 people. History The Syndicalist Brigade was established on September 2, 1944, under the command of Captain Edward "Czemier" Wołonciej. It was joined by members of the SOW, ZSP and members of the Anarchist Federation of Poland (AFP) rescued from the ghetto, who had previously fought in the Home Army (AK) and the Polish People's Army (PAL). The black and red flag was recognized as the official color of the branch. On September 2, they were joined by the survivors of the 104 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Guard
Osip Vasylovych Tsebriy () was a Ukrainian anarchist partisan. Born in the Kyiv region, in 1918, Tsebriy joined his local partisan detachment to fight against the occupation of Ukraine by the Imperial German Army. He then went on to continue fighting against various other armed forces, including the Volunteer Army, Ukrainian People's Army and Red Army. In 1920, he joined up with the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU) and participated in Makhnovist operations until its defeat the following year. He then escaped to Yugoslavia, where he organised a Rusyn village into an anarchist commune. In 1927, his village was attacked and Tsebriy was expelled from Yugoslavia for his anarchist activism. Following the outbreak of World War II, Tsebriy returned to Ukraine and organised a partisan detachment to fight against the Nazi occupation. His detachment was defeated and Tsebriy was imprisoned in a concentration camp. After the war, he emigrated to the United States, where he wrot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arditi Del Popolo
The ''Arditi del Popolo'' () was an Italian militant anti-fascist group founded at the end of June 1921 to resist the rise of Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party and the violence of the Blackshirts (''squadristi'') paramilitaries.Gli Arditi del Popolo (Birth) It grouped revolutionary trade-unionists, socialists, communists, anarchists, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carabinieri
The Carabinieri (, also , ; formally ''Arma dei Carabinieri'', "Arm of Carabineers"; previously ''Corpo dei Carabinieri Reali'', "Royal Carabineers Corps") are the national gendarmerie of Italy who primarily carry out domestic and foreign policing duties. It is one of Italy's main law enforcement agencies, alongside the Polizia di Stato and the Guardia di Finanza. As with the Guardia di Finanza but in contrast to the Polizia di Stato, the Carabinieri are a military force. As the fourth Military branch, branch of the Italian Armed Forces, they come under the authority of the Ministry of Defence (Italy), Ministry of Defence; for activities related to inland public order and security, they functionally depend on the Ministry of the Interior (Italy), Ministry of the Interior. In practice, there is a significant overlap between the jurisdiction of the Polizia di Stato and Carabinieri, and both of them are contactable through 112 (emergency telephone number), 112, the European Union's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazism
Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was frequently referred to as Hitler Fascism () and Hitlerism (). The term " neo-Nazism" is applied to other far-right groups with similar ideology, which formed after World War II, and after Nazi Germany collapsed. Nazism is a form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system. Its beliefs include support for dictatorship, fervent antisemitism, anti-communism, anti-Slavism, anti-Romani sentiment, scientific racism, white supremacy, Nordicism, social Darwinism, homophobia, ableism, and the use of eugenics. The ultranationalism of the Nazis originated in pan-Germanism and the ethno-nationalist '' Völkisch'' movement which had been a prominent aspect of German ultranationalism since the late 19th centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gino Lucetti
Gino Lucetti (31 August 1900 – 17 September 1943) was an Italian anarchist and anti-fascist who attempted to assassinate the dictator Benito Mussolini in 1926. After World War I he was involved in many clashes and political brawls during the Biennio Rosso. He continued to oppose local fascists and on 26 September 1925, after an argument, he wounded with a pistol the fascist militant and fellow citizen Alessandro Perfetti. His companion, Antonio Vatteroni, fired back, wounding Lucetti in his neck and ear as he fled. In spite of the wound, he escaped and embarked on a ship to Marseille. He came back to Italy under the name of Ermete Giovannini, with the intention of attacking Mussolini's life, following a plan that he claimed to have developed alone. On 11 September 1926, the day of the trial for the shooting of the previous year, in front of Porta Pia in Rome, Lucetti launched a bomb against the Lancia Lambda of Mussolini on the usual route from Villa Torlonia, his house, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wehrmacht
The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the German Army (1935–1945), ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previously used term (''Reich Defence'') and was the manifestation of the Nazi regime's efforts to German rearmament, rearm Germany to a greater extent than the Treaty of Versailles permitted. After the Adolf Hitler's rise to power, Nazi rise to power in 1933, one of Adolf Hitler's most overt and bellicose moves was to establish the ''Wehrmacht'', a modern offensively-capable armed force, fulfilling the Nazi regime's long-term goals of regaining lost territory as well as gaining new territory and dominating its neighbours. This required the reinstatement of conscription and massive investment and Military budget, defence spending on the arms industry. The ''Wehrmacht'' formed the heart of Germany's politico-military po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
