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Lubart
Liubartas or Demetrius of Liubar (died ) was a Lithuanian prince from the Gediminid dynasty. He was the prince of Volhynia, and from 1320, he ruled over Lutsk, Liubar and Zhytomyr. Liubartas was also the last ruler of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. Biography Liubartas was the youngest son of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania. In the early 1320s he married a daughter of Andrew of Galicia and ruled Lutsk with Liubar (today town in Zhytomyr Oblast) in eastern Volhynia. After Andrew and his brother Leo II died around 1322, Galicia–Volhynia did not have a male successor. Instead of promoting Liubartas and causing a war with Poland, Gediminas compromised with Ladislaus the Short. Both parties agreed to install Yuri II Boleslav, nephew of Leo and Andrew. Boleslaw-Yuri was a son of Trojden I, Duke of Masovia from the Piast dynasty, a cousin of Władysław I, and nephew of Gediminas' son-in-law Wenceslaus of Płock. At the time Boleslaw was fourteen years old and was betrot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutsk
Lutsk (, ; see #Names and etymology, below for other names) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Volyn Oblast and the administrative center of Lutsk Raion within the oblast. Lutsk has a population of A city with almost a thousand years of history, recorded in 1085, Lutsk historically served as an administrative, cultural and religious center in Volhynia. The city contains several landmarks in various styles, including Renaissance architecture, Renaissance, Baroque architecture, Baroque and Neoclassical architecture, Neoclassical, the most known being the medieval Lubart's Castle. Names and etymology Lutsk is an ancient Slavic peoples, Slavic town, mentioned in the Hypatian Chronicle as Luchesk in the records of 1085. The etymology of the name is unclear. There are three hypotheses: the name may have been derived from the Old Slavic word ''luka'' (an arc or bend in a river), or the name may have originated from ''Luka'' (the chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liubar
Liubar or Lyubar (, ) is a rural settlement in Zhytomyr Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine. Population: It is situated in the historic region of Volhynia. History According to historical and archaeological data, Liubar is the possible location of the ancient Ruthenian city of Bolokhov. In the 13th century, the Bolokhov land was devastated by the military campaigns of Daniel of Galicia as well as Mongol raids. In the 14th century, Lithuanian prince Lubart built a fortress on the Sluch River, which was named in his honour. Since 1387, the location belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. After 1569, the settlement, known in Polish as Lubartów, was divided between the Kyiv and Volhynian Voivodeship within the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. At the time, it was controlled by prince Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski and received Magdeburg rights. It was a royal town of Poland, and afterwards a private town after it was granted to the Lubomirski family in 1623. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galicia–Volhynia Wars
The Galicia–Volhynia Wars were several wars fought in the years 1340–1392 over the succession in the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as Ruthenia. After Yuri II Boleslav was poisoned by local Ruthenian nobles in 1340, both the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385), Kingdom of Poland advanced claims over the kingdom. After a prolonged conflict, Galicia–Volhynia was partitioned between Poland (Galicia (Central Europe), Galicia) and Lithuania (Volhynia) and Ruthenia ceased to exist as an independent state. Poland acquired a territory of approximately with 200,000 inhabitants. Background Brothers Andrew of Galicia, Andrew and Lev II of Galicia, Leo II died ca. 1322, leaving no male successor in Galicia–Volhynia. Instead of promoting his son Liubartas (who was married to Andrew's daughter) and causing a war with Poland, Gediminas of Lithuania compromised with Władysław I of Poland. Both parties agreed to install fourteen-year-old Yuri II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia ( ; see #Names and etymology, below) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Volyn and Rivne Oblasts; the territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast. Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr (city), Volodymyr. Names and etymology *, ; * ; *, ; * or ; *; * ; *; *; * or (both ); Volhynian German: , , or (all ); *, or . The alternative name for the region is Lodomeria after the city of Volodymyr (city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, partitions of Poland–Lithuania. The state was founded by Lithuanians (tribe), Lithuanians, who were at the time a Lithuanian mythology, polytheistic nation of several united Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija. By 1440 the grand duchy had become the largest European state, controlling an area from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south. The grand duchy expanded to include large portions of the former Kievan Rus' and other neighbouring states, including what is now Belarus, Lithuania, most of Ukraine as well as parts of Latvia, Moldova, Poland and Russia. At its greatest extent, in the 15th century, it was the largest state in Europe. It was a multinational state, multi-ethnic and multiconfessionalism, multiconfessional sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gediminas
Gediminas ( – December 1341) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1315 or 1316 until his death in 1341. He is considered the founder of Lithuania's capital Vilnius (see: Iron Wolf legend). During his reign, he brought under his rule lands from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. The Gediminids dynasty he founded and which is named after him came to rule over Poland, Hungary and Bohemia. Biography Origin Gediminas was born in about 1275. Because written sources of the era are scarce, Gediminas' ancestry, early life, and assumption of the title of Grand Duke in ca. 1316 are obscure and continue to be the subject of scholarly debate. Various theories have claimed that Gediminas was either his predecessor Grand Duke Vytenis' son, his brother, his cousin, or his hostler. For several centuries only two versions of his origins circulated. Chronicles — written long after Gediminas' death by the Teutonic Knights, a long-standing enemy of Lithuania — claimed that Gediminas was a host ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piast Dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented List of Polish monarchs, Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I (–992). The Poland during the Piast dynasty, Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great. Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter. Origin of the name The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright (''Piast Kołodziej''), first mentioned in the ''Cronicae et gesta ducum sive pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri II Boleslav
Yuri II Boleslav (; ; c. 1305/1310 – April 7, 1340), was King of Ruthenia and ''Dominus'' of the Galicia–Volhynian lands (1325–1340). A foreigner and a Catholic by birth, he was the son of Trojden I, Duke of Masovia and a member of the Polish Piast dynasty. Highly unpopular in Orthodox Ruthenia, his murder prompted a war of succession, known as the Galicia–Volhynia Wars. Biography Bolesław was born between 1305 and 1310 to Trojden I of Masovia and Maria, daughter of Yuri I of Galicia. Since his father was still a ruler of the family's Masovian lands, in 1323 Bolesław succeeded Leo II of Galicia and became the ruler over Ruthenia as Yuri II. He also received the Duchy of Belz after the childless death of Andrew of Galicia. In 1331, he married the daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas and sister of Aldona of Lithuania, wife of Casimir III of Poland. The name of Bolesław's wife is disputed; Teodor Narbutt claimed her pagan name was Eufemia and her Christi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trojden I, Duke Of Masovia
Trojden I (1284/86 – 13 March 1341) was a Polish prince, Duke of Czersk from 1310, ruler over Warsaw and Liw from 1313, and regent of Płock in the years 1336–1340. He was a member of the House of Piast. Trojden was the second son of Bolesław II of Płock and his first wife Gaudemantė (Sophia), the daughter of Grand Duke Traidenis of Lithuania. He was named after his maternal grandfather. Life In 1310, Trojden I received the district region of Czersk when his father was still alive. Following his father's death in 1313, he further received the districts of Warsaw and Liw in addition to his duchy, which made him ruler over all of eastern Masovia. This division didn't satisfy all members of his family and led to a brief war between the three brothers (Trojden, Siemowit II and Wenceslaus) in 1316. The exact details of this conflict are unknown except for a brief mention in an annually published manuscript called the ''Rocznik miechowski''. Initially, Trojden I main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Betrothal
An engagement or betrothal is the period of time between the declaration of acceptance of a marriage proposal and the marriage itself (which is typically but not always commenced with a wedding). During this period, a couple is said to be ''fiancés'' (from wikt:fiancé#French, the French), "betrothed", "intended", "affianced", "engaged to be married", or simply "engaged". Future brides and grooms may be called ''fiancée'' (feminine) or ''fiancé'' (masculine), "the betrothed", "wife-to-be" or "husband-to-be", respectively. The duration of the courtship varies vastly, and is largely dependent on cultural norms or upon the agreement of the parties involved. Long engagements were once common in formal arranged marriages, and it was not uncommon for parents betrothing children to arrange marriages many years before the engaged couple were old enough. This is still done in some countries. Many traditional Christian denominations have optional rites for Christian betrothal (also k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenceslaus Of Płock
Wenceslaus (Wańko) of Płock (; 1293/97 – 23 May 1336), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast, Duchy of Płock, Duke of Płock from 1313 and vassal of Kingdom of Bohemia, Bohemia from 1329. He was the third son of Bolesław II of Masovia, Bolesław II of Płock but the only born from his second marriage with Kunigunde of Bohemia, Kunigunde, daughter of King Ottakar II of Bohemia. He was probably named after his maternal uncle, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. Life Unlike his older half-brothers Siemowit II of Masovia, Siemowit II and Trojden I, Duke of Masovia, Trojden I, Wenceslaus didn't receive his own district until the death of their father in 1313, when he inherited Płock. This division didn't satisfy anybody and lead to a brief war between the three brothers in 1316. Apart from a brief mention in the ''Roczniku miechowskim'', the exact details of this conflict are unknown. Early in his reign, Wenceslaus tried to pursue a neutral policy with his two powerful ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo II Of Galicia
Leo II of Galicia, also known as Lev Yuriiovych (, died in 1323) was Prince of Lutsk and Galicia, one of the last two Romanovichi kings of Rus` (r. 1308–1323; according to some sources, 1315–23). He was a member of the senior branch of Monomakhovichi. Leo was the son of King Yuri I (1252–1308), whom he succeeded on the royal throne of Galicia-Volhynia. His mother was Euphemia of Kuyavia. After the death of his father, he ruled the kingdom together with his brother Andrew. According to most sources, the brothers were co-kings, managing the kingdom together, but there are sources indicating that Lev II was seated in Halych and Andrew in Volodymyr, which would seem to imply split jurisdiction. The brothers' policy was aimed at weakening their principality's dependence on the Golden Horde by allying themselves with the Teutonic Knights and Poland. Reign The first common letter of Lev II and Andrew dates to August 9, 1316. In it they renewed the union with the Pruss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
