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Long Look
The Long Look Estate in East End, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, claims to be the oldest free black community in the Western world. History In 1776 Samuel Nottingham, a Quaker, manumitted 25 slaves and gave them of land in Long Look in Tortola, directing them to cultivate it for the common good. Quakers were prominent in the abolition movement; Nottingham's action pre-dates the foundation of the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade by more than a decade. A report made in 1823 by a John Dougan states "So quiet and retired had these Persons lived there, that although I have been for many years residing in the Island, yet I derived no knowledge of the Situation and Circumstances regarding these People..." At the time of Dougan's report, the population of the estate had increased to 43. He further reported that "Not one of them is in debt, and their Property is free from all Incumbrance. That 12 of the grown up Persons are admitted Members of the Westleya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tortola
Tortola () is the largest and most populated island of the British Virgin Islands, a group of islands that form part of the archipelago of the Virgin Islands. It has a surface area of with a total population of 23,908, with 9,400 residents in Road Town. Mount Sage is its highest point at above sea level. Although the British Virgin Islands (BVI) are under the British flag, it uses the U.S. dollar as its official currency due to its proximity to and frequent trade with the United States Virgin Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. The island is home to many offshore company, offshore companies that do business worldwide. Offshore Financial Centre, Financial services are a major part of the country's economy. On 6 September 2017, the British Virgin Islands were extensively damaged by Effects of Hurricane Irma in the British Virgin Islands, Hurricane Irma. The most severe destruction was on Tortola. News reports over the next day or two described the situation as "devas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Virgin Islands
The British Virgin Islands (BVI), officially the Virgin Islands, are a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean, to the east of Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands, US Virgin Islands and north-west of Anguilla. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands, Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles and part of the West Indies. The British Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada and Jost Van Dyke, along with more than 50 other smaller islands and cays. About 16 of the islands are inhabited. The capital, Road Town, is on Tortola, the largest island, which is about long and wide. The islands had a population of 28,054 at the 2010 Census, of whom 23,491 lived on Tortola; current estimates put the population at 35,802 (July 2018). The economy of the territory is overwhelmingly dominated by tourism and financial services. In terms of financi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Island Sun
''The Island Sun'' is a weekly newspaper in the British Virgin Islands. Founded on 23 June 1962, it is the oldest continuously published newspaper in the British Overseas Territory. The Sun is published weekly by Sun Enterprises (B.V.I.) Limited, owned by businessman and historian Vernon W. Pickering. History Early years ''The Island Sun'' was founded in 1962 by Carlos and Esme Downing. Carlos Downing became the editor. On June 23, 1962, the inaugural issue of ''The Island Sun'' was published. Having little public funding and no private financial backing, the paper struggled. However, there was significant support from readers, well-wishers and the British Virgin Islands government. Contributing writers and columnists included Sir Alan Cobham, Dr. Norwell Harrigan, Dr. Pearl Varlack, Godfrey deCastro, Dr. Pierre Encontre, McW. Todman, QC, Sir. Ronald Sanders, Dr. Quincy Lettsome, Dr. Giorgio Migliavacca and Clarence Christian. During the 1966 Royal Visit, Her Maj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quaker
Quakers are people who belong to the Religious Society of Friends, a historically Protestant Christian set of denominations. Members refer to each other as Friends after in the Bible, and originally, others referred to them as Quakers because the founder of the movement, George Fox, told a judge to "quake before the authority of God". The Friends are generally united by a belief in each human's ability to be guided by the inward light to "make the witness of God" known to everyone. Quakers have traditionally professed a priesthood of all believers inspired by the First Epistle of Peter. They include those with evangelical, holiness, liberal, and traditional Quaker understandings of Christianity, as well as Nontheist Quakers. To differing extents, the Friends avoid creeds and hierarchical structures. In 2017, there were an estimated 377,557 adult Quakers, 49% of them in Africa followed by 22% in North America. Some 89% of Quakers worldwide belong to ''evangelical'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manumission
Manumission, or enfranchisement, is the act of freeing slaves by their owners. Different approaches to manumission were developed, each specific to the time and place of a particular society. Historian Verene Shepherd states that the most widely used term is gratuitous manumission, "the conferment of freedom on the enslaved by enslavers before the end of the slave system". The motivations for manumission were complex and varied. Firstly, it may present itself as a sentimental and benevolent gesture. One typical scenario was the freeing in the master's will (law), will of a devoted servant after long years of service. A trusted bailiff might be manumitted as a gesture of gratitude. For those working as agricultural labourers or in workshops, there was little likelihood of being so noticed. In general, it was more common for older slaves to be given freedom. Legislation under the early Roman Empire put limits on the number of slaves that could be freed in wills (''lex Fufia Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quakers In The Abolition Movement
The Religious Society of Friends, better known as the Quakers, played a major role in the Abolitionism, abolition movement against slavery in both the United Kingdom and in the United States. Quakers were among the first white people to denounce slavery in the American colonies and Europe, and the Society of Friends became the first organization to take a collective stand against both slavery and the slave trade, later spearheading the international and Ecumenism, ecumenical campaigns against slavery. Beginnings Quaker colonists began questioning slavery in Barbados in the 1670s. George Fox, founder of Quakerism, visited the island in 1671 and immediately appealed for better treatment of slaves. It was first openly denounced in 1688. In that year, four German settlers (the Lutheranism, Lutheran Francis Daniel Pastorius and the three Quakers, the brothers Derick op den Graeff, Derick and Abraham op den Graeff and Garret Hendericks), issued a protest from Colonial Germantown Histori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society For Effecting The Abolition Of The Slave Trade
The Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade, also known as the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, and sometimes referred to as the Abolition Society or Anti-Slavery Society, was a British abolitionist group formed on 22 May 1787. The objective of abolishing the slave trade was achieved in 1807. The abolition of slavery in all British colonies followed in 1833. Adam Hochschild posits that this anti-slavery movement is the first peaceful social movement which all modern social movements are built upon. A number of the founders had been meeting at George Yard since 1783, and over four years grew their circle of friends to include Thomas Clarkson, an unknown at that time. The society was established by twelve men; including individuals who later became prominent campaigners, such as Thomas Clarkson and Granville Sharp. As Anglicans they were able to be more influential in Parliament than the more numerous Quaker founding members - given Non-conformists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Security Interest
In finance, a security interest is a legal right granted by a debtor to a creditor over the debtor's property (usually referred to as the '' collateral'') which enables the creditor to have recourse to the property if the debtor defaults in making payment or otherwise performing the secured obligations. One of the most common examples of a security interest is a mortgage: a person is loaned money from a bank to buy a house, and they grant a mortgage over the house so that if they default in repaying the loan, the bank can sell the house and apply the proceeds to the outstanding loan. Although most security interests are created by agreement between the parties, it is also possible for a security interest to arise by operation of law. For example, in many jurisdictions a mechanic who repairs a car benefits from a lien over the car for the cost of repairs. This lien arises by operation of law in the absence of any agreement between the parties. Most security interests are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Assembly Of The British Virgin Islands
The House of Assembly of the British Virgin Islands, until 2007 known as the Legislative Council, has 15 members: 13 directly elected for four-year terms (nine in single-seat constituencies and four "at large"), and two ''ex officio'' members (the Attorney General and a Speaker chosen from outside the house). Sittings of the House of Assembly are divided into " terms" with each term following from a general election. The House of Assembly is presently sitting its fourth term, but the first term of the House of Assembly followed the 15th term of the old Legislative Council. Accordingly, in aggregate the legislature is sitting its 19th term since the restoration of democracy in the Territory. Each term has a series of "sittings". At the end of each sitting the House is either prorogued until the next sitting, or dissolved for a general election. The Corine George-Massicote was elected Speaker of the House on 26 May 2022. The official record is Hansard. Latest elections ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slave Name
A slave name is the personal name given by others to an enslaved person, or a name inherited from enslaved ancestors. Ancient Rome In Rome, slaves were given a single name by their owner. A slave who was freed might keep their slave name and adopt the former owner's name as a praenomen and nomen. As an example, one historian says that "a man named Publius Larcius freed a male slave named Nicia, who was then called Publius Larcius Nicia." Historian Harold Whetstone Johnston writes of instances in which a slave's former owner chose to ignore custom and simply chose a name for the freedman. Middle East By Islamic law, non-Muslim foreigners (kafir) were by definition legitimate targets for enslavement, since the Muslim world of dar al-Islam was by definition at war with the non-Muslim world of dar al-harb ("House of War"), and non-Muslim war captives were legitimate to enslave. After capture, non-Muslim slaves were normally converted to Islam and given a new name. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sugar Plantations In The Caribbean
Sugar plantations in the Caribbean were a major part of the economy of the islands in the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. Most Caribbean, Caribbean islands were covered with Sugarcane, sugar cane fields and mills for refining the crop. The main source of labor, until Abolitionism, the abolition of chattel slavery, was Atlantic slave trade, enslaved Africans. After the abolition of slavery, Indentured servitude, indentured laborers from India, China, Portugal and other places were brought to the Caribbean to work in the sugar industry. These plantations produced 80 to 90 percent of the sugar consumed in Western Europe, later supplanted by European-grown sugar beet. The sugar trade Sugar cane development in the Americas The Portuguese introduced sugar plantations in the 1550s off the coast of their Brazilian settlement colony, located on the island of Sao Vincente. As the Portuguese and Spanish maintained a strong colonial presence in the Caribbean, the Iberian Peninsula amasse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
